pod

See also: POD, pod-, pód, po'd, PO'd, -pod, and -pód

English

Etymology

From Middle English *pod ("seed-pod, husk, shell"; attested in pod-ware (“legume seed; seed grain”)), possibly from Old English pād (“an outer garment, covering, coat, cloak”), from Proto-Germanic *paidō (“coat, smock, shirt”), from Proto-Indo-European *baiteh₂- (“woolen clothes”). Cognate with Old Saxon pēda (“skirt”), German dialectal Pfeid, Pfeit (“shirt”), Gothic 𐍀𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰 (paida, “mantle, skirt”), Albanian petk (“gown, garment, dress, suit”), Ancient Greek βαίτη (baítē, “goat-skin, fur-coat, tent”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɒd/
• IPA^(key): /ˈpɑd/

Rhymes: -ɒd

Noun

pod (plural pods)

1. (botany) A seed case for legumes (e.g. peas, beans, peppers); a seedpod.

   Synonyms: capsule, case, container, hull, husk, shell, seedpod, vessel

2. A small vehicle, especially used in emergency situations.
3. (obsolete, UK, dialect) A bag; a pouch.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Tusser to this entry?)

4. (collective, zoology) A group of whales, dolphins, seals, porpoises or hippopotami.

   Synonym: gam

5. A small section of a larger office, compartmentalised for a specific purpose.
6. A subsection of a prison, containing a number of inmates.
7. A nicotine cartridge.

Hyponyms

• iPod
• pea pod
• peapod
• seedpod

 

Derived terms

• like two peas in a pod

Translations

seed case

• Albanian: bishtajë (sq) f
• Arabic:

  Moroccan Arabic: جلْفة f (jəlfa), جلْدة f (jəlda), قشْرة f (qəšra) (dried)

• Armenian: պատյան (hy) (patyan)
• Aromanian: pãstalji f, lividã f
• Catalan: beina (ca) f, tavella (ca) f
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 莢／荚 (zh) (jiá), 荚 (zh) (jiá)

• Czech: lusk (cs) m
• Danish: bælg c
• Dutch: peul (nl) m
• Finnish: palko (fi)
• French: cosse (fr) f, gousse (fr) f (legume seeds)
• Galician: casula f, vaíña f
• German: Schote (de) f, Hülse (de) f
• Greek: χέδρωπας (el) m (chédropas)

  Ancient Greek: χέδρωψ m (chédrops)

• Hindi: फली (hi) ? (phalī)
• Hungarian: hüvely (hu), tok (hu)
• Ido: shelo (io)
• Indonesian: polong (id)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Italian: buccia (it) f, baccello (it)
• Japanese: さや (ja) (saya)
• Kaingang: bó
• Lao: ຝັກ (fak)
• Latin: siliqua (la) f
• Latvian: pāksts f
• Luxembourgish: Scheek f
• Middle English: cod
• Navajo: atsʼaʼ, atsʼéézh
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: belg m, skolm m or f

  Nynorsk: belg m, skolm m or f

• Portuguese: vagem (pt) f
• Romanian: păstaie (ro) f
• Russian: стручо́к (ru) m (stručók)
• Slovene: strok m
• Spanish: vaina (es) f
• Swahili: tumba (sw)
• Swedish: balja (sv) c, skida (sv) c
• Tagalog: supot ng buto
• Thai: รุน (th) (run)
• Walloon: schåfe (wa) f, hotche (wa) f, schågne (wa) f, cosse (wa) f

small vehicle

• Danish: kapsel (da) c
• Dutch: capsule (nl) ?
• French: nacelle (fr) f
• Hungarian: kabin (hu), mentőkabin, mentőkapszula, utazókapszula, utazókabin, kapszula (hu), gondola (hu)
• Italian: capsula (it) f, navicella (it) f
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Norwegian: kapsel m
• Portuguese: cápsula (pt) f
• Russian: ка́псула (ru) f (kápsula)
• Slovene: kapsula (sl) f
• Spanish: cápsula de escape f

group of whales or similar mammals

• Dutch: troep (nl) m
• Finnish: parvi (fi); lauma (fi) (seals, hippos)
• German: Schule (de) f, Herde (de) f
• Hungarian: csapat (hu), raj (hu)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Maori: rangai, kauika
• Russian: кося́к (ru) m (kosják)
• Spanish: manada (es) f

Verb

1. (intransitive) To bear or produce pods
   • 1849, Herman Melville, Mardi, and a Voyage Thither:

     Wherefore it was, that many ignorant Mardians, who had not pushed their investigations into the science of physiology, sagely divined, that the Tapparians must have podded into life like peas, instead of being otherwise indebted for their existence.

   • 1939, Leonard Alfred George Strong, The Open Sky, page 64:

     David looked seawards along the river. He stared, rubbed his eyes, and stared again. One of the rocks seemed to have podded into something swollen, black and smooth.

   • 2012, Deborah Moggach, You Must Be Sisters, →ISBN, page 219:

     In the herbaceous border many flowers had seeded and podded; spears of them, brown, now rose up behind the mauve blur of the michaelmas daisies.

2. (transitive) To remove peas from their case.
3. (transitive, intransitive) To put into a pod or to enter a pod.
   • 1955, Military Review - Volume 35, Issue 9, page 81:

     Thus the torpedoes will have to be stored internally or be podded into streamline containers.

   • 1957, Aviation Week - Volume 66, page 23:

     Lycoming is working on a twin T53 or T55 turboprop installation whereby two engines would be podded together to drive a single propeller.

   • 2004, Yefim Gordon & ‎Dmitriy Komissarov, Antonov An-12 Cub, page 90:

     One, called An- 12BZ-2, was a single-point hose-and- drogue tanker similar to the RAF's Lockheed C-130K Hercules C.1K, except that the hose drum unit was podded, not built in.

   • 2006, Journal of the British Interplanetary Society - Volume 59, page 130:

     This was to be achieved by increasing the number of Lotarev D-18T engines to 8 by podding the inboard pylons on each side to take two engines (see Fig. 7).

   • 2011, Roger Cliff, ‎Chad J. R. Ohlandt, & ‎David Yang, Ready for Takeoff: China's Advancing Aerospace Industry, →ISBN:

     In June 2009, the company opened another facility in Tianjin to provide nacelle and thrust-reverser MRO services and to support engine buildup and podding work for the new Airbus A320 assembly line in the same city.

   • 2012, Gabriel Blue Melchizedek, The Alienvirus, →ISBN:

     Then i was podded by a buddie of mine, working the burrough next to mine, all humans had a blue rabbit glow around them and seemed to sleep walk out of the burrough out in to a field while a sound like; ta-ta-dah-taaa, sounded continously, where they waited while looking up in the sky.

4. (intransitive) To swell or fill.

Translations

To remove peas from their case

• Catalan: pelar (ca)
• Dutch: peulen (nl)
• Finnish: kuoria (herneitä)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• French: écosser (fr)
• German: enthülsen (de), auslösen (de), pulen (de)
• Romanian: capsulă (ro)
• Russian: лущи́ть (ru) (luščítʹ)

Anagrams

• DOP, DPO, ODP, PDO, dop

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Cebuano

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: pod

Adverb

pod

1. (focus) also; too
2. (after a negative) either

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Czech

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *podъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pot/

• audio:

  (file)

Preposition

Template:cs-prep + instrumental

1. below

   Synonym: pode

   Antonym: nad

Further reading

• Template:R:PSJC
• Template:R:SSJC

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Lower Sorbian

Preposition

pod

1. Superseded spelling of pód.

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Polish

pod

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *podъ, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂po + *dʰh₁-o-

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (isolated) /pɔt/

• audio:

  (file)

• Homophone: pot

Preposition

pod

1. (+ instrumental) below, beneath, under, underneath (denotes location)

   pod ziemią — underground

2. (+ accusative) below, beneath, under, underneath (denotes movement)
3. (+ accusative) against

   pod wiatr ― against the wind

   Nie płyń pod prąd! ― Don't swim against the current!

Related terms

• pode

Further reading

• Template:R:PWN

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Romanian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *podъ.

Noun

pod n (plural poduri)

1. bridge
2. attic

Declension

Declension of pod

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) pod	podul	(niște) poduri	podurile
genitive/dative	(unui) pod	podului	(unor) poduri	podurilor
vocative	podule		podurilor

Derived terms

• podeț
• podiș

 

See also

• punte

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Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *podъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pôd/

Noun

pȍd m (Cyrillic spelling по̏д)

1. floor

   pasti na pod ― to fall to the floor

2. ground

Declension

Declension of pod

	singular	plural
nominative	pȍd	pòdovi
genitive	pòda	podova
dative	pòdu	podovima
accusative	pod	podove
vocative	pode	podovi
locative	pòdu	podovima
instrumental	podom	podovima

Etymology 2

From Proto-Slavic *podъ.

Alternative forms

• poda (enclitic pronominal form)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pôd/

Preposition

pȍd (Cyrillic spelling по̏д)

1. (+ accusative case) under, beneath (with change of position, answering the question kùda)

   s(j)ela je pod stablo ― she sat down under the tree

   pao je pod vlak ― he fell under the train

   Antonyms: ȉznad, nȁd

2. (+ instrumental case) under, beneath (stationary, answering the question gdjȅ/gdȅ)

   ona s(j)edi pod stablom ― she is sitting under the tree

   pod suncem ― under the sun

   Antonyms: ȉznad, nȁd

3. (+ instrumental case) under, beneath (being in a particular condition)

   biti pod sumnjom ― to be under suspicion

   biti pod pritiskom ― to be under pressure

   biti pod dojmom ― to be under impression

   pod oružjem ― under arms

   biti pod nadzorom ― to be under supervision/surveillance

   biti pod nečijom zaštitom ― to be under someone's protection

   biti pod naglaskom ― to be accented (stressed), to be under the accent (stress)

   pisati pod pseudonimom ― to write under the pen name, pseudonymously

   biti pod zakletvom ― to be under oath

4. (+ accusative case) near, toward, in (temporal, with nouns denoting a final temporal segment)

   pod jesen ― toward fall

   pod kraj ― near the end

   pod starost ― in one's old age

5. (+ instrumental case) during (temporal)

   pod odmorom ― during the (school) break

   pod pauzom ― during the (job) break

   pod satom ― during the (school) lesson

   pod vladavinom ― during the reign of

6. (+ accusative case) as, instead of, in lieu of

   pokušati prodati mrkvu pod rotkvu ― to try selling carrot as radish

7. miscellaneous idiomatic meanings

   to je pod moranje ― that is obligatory

   baciti pod noge ― to reject, throw away

   nebu pod oblake ― far away

   pod uv(j)etom/uslovom da ― under the condition of, on the condition that

   pod izgovorom ― under the pretext

   pod Zagrebom ― near Zagreb

   pod Velebitom ― at the foot of Velebit, on the foothills of Velebit

   pod korovom ― covered/overgrown with weed

   ništa pod (milim) bogom ― absolutely nothing

   pod kontrolom (with genitive) ― under the control (of)

   pod tim(e) mislim ― by that I mean

   biti pod antibioticima ― to be on antibiotics

   pod pravim kutom ― perpendicular

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Slovak

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɔt/

Preposition

pod + instrumental

1. below

   Synonym: podo

   Antonym: nad

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Slovene

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pɔ́t/

Noun

pȍd m inan

1. floor (lower part of a room)

   Synonym: tla

Inflection

The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.

Masculine inan., hard o-stem
nom. sing.	pòd
gen. sing.	pôda
	singular	dual	plural
nominative (imenovȃlnik)	pòd	pôda	pôdi
genitive (rodȋlnik)	pôda	pôdov	pôdov
dative (dajȃlnik)	pôdu	pôdoma	pôdom
accusative (tožȋlnik)	pòd	pôda	pôde
locative (mẹ̑stnik)	pôdu	pôdih	pôdih
instrumental (orọ̑dnik)	pôdom	pôdoma	pôdi

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Derived terms

• spodaj

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Volapük

Noun

pod (nominative plural pods)

1. apple

Declension

declension of pod

	singular	plural
nominative	pod	pods
genitive	poda	podas
dative	pode	podes
accusative	podi	podis
vocative 1	o pod!	o pods!
predicative 2	podu	podus

• ¹ status as a case is disputed
• ² in later, non-classical Volapük only