rast

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See also: Rast

Albanian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From ra

Noun[edit]

rast m (indefinite plural raste, definite singular rasti, definite plural rastet)

  1. chance
  2. occasion

German[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

rast

  1. Second-person singular present of rasen.
  2. Third-person singular present of rasen.
  3. Second-person plural present of rasen.
  4. Imperative plural of rasen.

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

rast

  1. Imperative singular of rasten.
  2. (colloquial) First-person singular present of rasten.

Latvian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

This word is the reflex of two different Proto-Indo-European forms: *wer-d-, *wr-ed- (“to bend, to sway”) and *werdʰ-, *wr-edʰ-, *h₃erdʰ- (“to grow; high”), both from the stem *wer- (“to bend, to turn”).[1] Both forms yielded Proto-Baltic *red-, *rad-, from which *rad-ti > *rasti > rast. The present tense form was derived with an extra n: *randuo > *ruodu > rodu; cf. dialectal variants ronu, romu. From the meaning “to bend, to sway” came “to raise, to obtain (by bending down to get it)” > “to obtain, to get, to find.” From the meaning “to grow” came not only the meanings of the Lithuanian reflexive form, but also those of Latvian related forms like raža (“harvest”), rasma (“fecundity”), radīt (“to create”), radi (“relatives”) and the 18th-century adjective rastīgs (“fertile, successful”). This semantic diversity also explains the divergent meanings of the derived prefixed verbs (atrast (“to find; to lose a habit, a skill”), ierast parast, pierast (“to get used to”), etc.). Cognates include Lithuanian ràsti (“to find, to obain by searching; to notice; to determine, to establish; to happen, to be”), reflexive ràstis (“to grow quickly, strongly; to give birth; to rise, to get up; to become; to happen; to come, to arrive; to get somewhere”); from *werd- (“to bend, to sway”), also Gothic 𐍅𐍂𐌰𐍄𐍉 (wratō, “to go, to travel”), Icelandic rata (“to travel, to find one's way”), Middle High German razzeln (“to turn”); from *werdʰ (“to grow”), Old Church Slavonic расти (rasti, “to grow”), Russian расти (rasti), Polish róść, Sanskrit वर्धति (várdhati), वृधति (vr̥dháti, “to grow, to increase”), Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthós, “straight, upright”) (and perhaps also, from a possible variant form *Herdʰ, *Hredʰ-, Latin arduus (“lofty, high”), arbor (“tree”)).[2]

Pronunciation[edit]

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Verb[edit]

rast tr., 1st conj., pres. rodu, rodi, rod, past radu

  1. to find (to cause by searching that something (desirable, necessary) be present, in use, or in one's possession)
    rast jaunu dzimteni ― to find a new homeland
    nerast nekur mieru ― to not find peace anywhere
    rast kopīgu valodu ― to find a common language (= to communicate)
    mīļa, mīļa tēva sēta, kur mīļaku vietu rast! ― dear, dear father's (= home) ranch, where to find a favorite place!
  2. to find (to discover via research)
    institūta laboratorijās rastas jaunas sveķu izmantošanas iespējas ― in the laboratories of the institute new possibilities of use for resin (were) found
  3. to find (to choose, e.g., the right word, in one's thoughts)
    kā lai vārdus rod? ― how does one find the (right) words?
  4. to find, to receive (e.g., help, understanding, from others)
    kur rast atbalstu? draugos? ― where to find support? with (lit. in) friends?
    viņš rod ierosmi dabā ― he finds inspiration in nature
    viņa gribētu rast apstiprinājumu ― she would like to find approval
  5. to find, to start (e.g., a state, a situation, a relationship)
    rast draudzību ― to find friendship
    komponista sirsnība un vienkāršība palīdzēja rast ciešu kontaktu ar publiku ― the composer's sincerity and simplicity helped him find, achieve chose contact with the audience
  6. to find (to be such that a certain mental state is caused)
    rast spēkus, mierinājumu, prieku ― to find strength, comfort, joy
    rast prieku darbā ― to find joy in work
    cik sevi vēros, vairāk sāpes radu ― the more I observe myself, the more I find pain
  7. (in the past active participle form radis) accustomed, used to
    viņš nebija radis daudz domāt, tāpēc jutās noguris ― he wasn't used to thinking a lot, so he felt tired
    meitene pie grūta darba nav radusi ― the girl wasn't used to hard work
  8. (rare, in the past passive participle form rasts) usual, well-known
    uz ciemu īstenībā ved ne viens vien ceļš, bet tā ir rasts un iegājies, ka tos citus vairs neizmanto ― in fact more than one road leads to the village, but it is well known tradition that the others are no longer used

Conjugation[edit]

conjugation of rast
INDICATIVE (īstenības izteiksme) IMPERATIVE
(pavēles izteiksme)
Present
(tagadne)		 Past
(pagātne)		 Future
(nākotne)
1st pers. sg. es rodu radu radīšu —
2nd pers. sg. tu rodi radi radīsi rodi
3rd pers. sg. viņš, viņa rod rada radīs lai rod
1st pers. pl. mēs rodam radām radīsim radīsim
2nd pers. pl. jūs rodat radāt radīsiet,
radīsit		 rodiet
3rd pers. pl. viņi, viņas rod rada radīs lai rod
RENARRATIVE (atstāstījuma izteiksme) PARTICIPLES (divdabji)
Present rodot Present Active 1 (Adj.) rodošs
Past esot radis Present Active 2 (Adv.) razdams
Future radīšot Present Active 3 (Adv.) rodot
Imperative lai rodot Present Active 4 (Obj.) rodam
CONDITIONAL (vēlējuma izteiksme) Past Active radis
Present rastu Present Passive rodams
Past būtu radis Past Passive rasts
DEBITIVE (vajadzības izteiksme) NOMINAL FORMS
Indicative (būt) jārod Infinitive (nenoteiksme) rast
Conjunctive 1 esot jārod Negative Infinitive nerast
Conjunctive 2 jārodot Verbal noun rašana

Derived terms[edit]

prefixed verbs:
other derived terms:

Related terms[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ There is some doubt about the correctness of this Proto-Indo-European form. The Lexikon der Indogermanischen Verben (ref.?) proposes *redh- (“to appear, to arise”) as the source for this verb.
  2. ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “rast”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN

Serbo-Croatian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From rȃsti (“to grow”)

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

rȃst m (Cyrillic spelling ра̑ст)

  1. (uncountable) growth
  2. (uncountable) height

Declension[edit]

Declension of rast
singular
nominative rast
genitive rasta
dative rastu
accusative rast
vocative raste
locative rastu
instrumental rastom

References[edit]

  • “rast” in Hrvatski jezični portal

Slovene[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

rást f (genitive rastí, uncountable)

  1. growth

Declension[edit]

Declension of rást (feminine, i-stem, mobile accent)
singular
nominative rást
accusative rást
genitive rastí
dative rásti
locative rásti
instrumental rastjó

Related terms[edit]

Swedish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse rǫst, from Proto-Germanic *rastō, *rastijō (“rest”), from Proto-Indo-European *ros-, *res-, *erH- (“rest”).

Noun[edit]

rast c

  1. a break (rest or pause, usually from work)

Declension[edit]

Declension of rast 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative rast rasten raster rasterna
Genitive rasts rastens rasters rasternas

Related terms[edit]

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