式

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式 U+5F0F, 式
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F0F
← 弎
[U+5F0E] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 弐 →
[U+5F10]

Translingual

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Stroke order
6 strokes

Han character

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式 (Kangxi radical 56, 弋+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 戈心一 (IPM), four-corner 43100, composition ⿹弋工)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 355, character 6
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9663
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 558, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+5F0F

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
 式

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (弋) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
戴 *ʔl'ɯːɡs
襶 *tɯːɡs
貸 *l̥ʰɯːɡs
代 *l'ɯːɡs
袋 *l'ɯːɡs
岱 *l'ɯːɡs
黛 *l'ɯːɡs
玳 *l'ɯːɡs
帒 *l'ɯːɡs
甙 *l'ɯːɡs
酨 *l'ɯːs, *zlɯːs
試 *hljɯɡs
弒 *hljɯɡs
忒 *l̥ʰɯːɡ
貣 *l̥ʰɯːɡ, *l'ɯːɡ
鴏 *l'ɯːɡ
栻 *l̥ʰɯɡ, *hljɯɡ
侙 *l̥ʰɯɡ
恜 *l̥ʰɯɡ
式 *hljɯɡ
軾 *hljɯɡ
拭 *hljɯɡ
鉽 *hljɯɡ
烒 *hljɯɡ
弋 *lɯɡ
芅 *lɯɡ
黓 *lɯɡ
隿 *lɯɡ
杙 *lɯɡ
釴 *lɯɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hljɯɡ) : phonetic 弋 (OC *lɯɡ) + semantic 工 (“work”).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • sek/siak - literary;
  • sit - vernacular.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 式
Mandarin Beijing /ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
Harbin /ʂʐ̩⁵³/
Tianjin /ʂʐ̩⁵³/
Jinan /ʂʐ̩²¹/
Qingdao /ʃz̩⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /ʂʐ̩³¹²/
Xi'an /ʂʐ̩²¹/
Xining /ʂʐ̩⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ʂʐ̩¹³/
Lanzhou /ʂʐ̩¹³/
Ürümqi /ʂʐ̩²¹³/
Wuhan /sz̩³⁵/
Chengdu /sz̩¹³/
Guiyang /sz̩²¹³/
Kunming /ʂʐ̩²¹²/
Nanjing /ʂʐ̩⁴⁴/
Hefei /ʂʐ̩⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /səʔ²/
Pingyao /ʂʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /səʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /səʔ⁵/
Suzhou /səʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /səʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /sei²¹³/
Hui Shexian /ɕiʔ²¹/
Tunxi /ɕi⁵/
Xiang Changsha /ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/
Xiangtan /ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /sɨʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /sət̚¹/
Taoyuan /ʃït̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /sek̚⁵/
Nanning /sek̚⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /sik̚⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /sik̚³²/
/sit̚³²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /sɛiʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /si²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /sek̚²/
Haikou (Hainanese) /tek̚⁵/
Rime
Character 式
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 書 (26)
Final (韻) 職 (134)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 賞職切
Baxter syik
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɕɨk̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɕɨk̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɕiek̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɕik̚/
Li
Rong 		/ɕiək̚/
Wang
Li 		/ɕĭək̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ɕi̯ək̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		shi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		sik1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 式 式
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		shì shì
Middle
Chinese 		‹ syik › ‹ syik ›
Old
Chinese 		/*l̥ək/ /*l̥ək/
English pattern to wipe

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 式
Reading # 1/1
No. 14980
Phonetic
component 		弋
Rime
group 		職
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		識
Old
Chinese 		/*hljɯɡ/

Definitions

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式

  1. (literary, or in compounds) standard; established practice; norm
  2. (literary, or in compounds) type; style; pattern
  3. (literary, or in compounds) ritual; ceremony
  4. (literary, or in compounds) example
  5. (mathematics, chemistry) formula (Classifier: 條／条 c)
  6. (grammar) tense
  7. (grammar) mood; mode
    敘述式／叙述式  ―  xùshùshì  ―  indicative mood
  8. † to follow the example of
  9. † to set an example
  10. † Alternative form of 試／试 (shì, “to apply”)
  11. † Alternative form of 軾／轼 (shì, “to perform a rite”)

Synonyms

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  • (standard):
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  • (type):
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  • (ritual):
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  • (example):
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Compounds

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Japanese

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Kanji

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式

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

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Noun

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式(しき) • (shiki) 

  1. type, style
  2. (mathematics) a formula or expression
  3. ceremony, ritual, function
    式(しき)を挙(あ)げる
    shiki o ageru
    to hold a ceremony
  4. Short for 結婚式 (kekkon-shiki, “wedding ceremony”).

Suffix

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式(しき) • (-shiki) 

  1. ceremony
  2. formula, expression
  3. style

Compounds

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Korean

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Hanja

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式 (eumhun 법 식 (beop sik))

  1. hanja form? of 식 (“type”)

Vietnamese

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Han character

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式: Hán Nôm readings: thức, sức

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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