戴

戴 U+6234, 戴 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6234 ← 戳 [U+6233] CJK Unified Ideographs 戵 → [U+6235]

戴 U+FA8C, 戴 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA8C ← 懲 [U+FA8B] CJK Compatibility Ideographs 揄 → [U+FA8D]

Translingual

Han character

戴 (Kangxi radical 62, 戈+13, 17 strokes, cangjie input 十戈田廿金 (JIWTC), four-corner 4385₀, composition ⿹𢦏異)

Derived characters

• 𠑀, 瀻, 襶

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 414, character 25
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11685
• Dae Jaweon: page 758, character 17
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1413, character 9
• Unihan data for U+6234

• Unihan data for U+FA8C

Chinese

simp. and trad.		戴
2nd round simp.		代
alternative forms		𢨚 𢨇 𢎑

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (弋) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
戴	*ʔl'ɯːɡs
襶	*tɯːɡs
貸	*l̥ʰɯːɡs
代	*l'ɯːɡs
袋	*l'ɯːɡs
岱	*l'ɯːɡs
黛	*l'ɯːɡs
玳	*l'ɯːɡs
帒	*l'ɯːɡs
甙	*l'ɯːɡs
酨	*l'ɯːs, *zlɯːs
試	*hljɯɡs
弒	*hljɯɡs
忒	*l̥ʰɯːɡ
貣	*l̥ʰɯːɡ, *l'ɯːɡ
鴏	*l'ɯːɡ
栻	*l̥ʰɯɡ, *hljɯɡ
侙	*l̥ʰɯɡ
恜	*l̥ʰɯɡ
式	*hljɯɡ
軾	*hljɯɡ
拭	*hljɯɡ
鉽	*hljɯɡ
烒	*hljɯɡ
弋	*lɯɡ
芅	*lɯɡ
黓	*lɯɡ
隿	*lɯɡ
杙	*lɯɡ
釴	*lɯɡ

In the oracle bone script, a pictogram (象形) of a person holding something on their head with both hands. Possibly originally the same character as 異 (“person wearing a mask” or “person carrying something on their head”), see there for more.

Later, a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) , with 異 (OC *lɯɡs) serving as the semantic (and also possibly phonetic) component, and either 弋 (OC *lɯɡ), 𢦏 (OC *ʔslɯː), or 之 (OC *tjɯ) acting as a phonetic component.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): dài (dai⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄞˋ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): daai³

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): ai¹

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): tai

  (Hailu, HRS): dai^ˇ

  (Meixian, Guangdong): dai⁴

• Eastern Min (BUC): dái
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): di⁴ / doe⁴ / dai⁴
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): tì / tè / tèr / tài

  (Teochew, Peng'im): di³ / do³ / dai³

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵te; ⁵ta

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: dài
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄞˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: dài
    • Wade–Giles: tai⁴
    • Yale: dài
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: day
    • Palladius: дай (daj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /taɪ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: daai³
    • Yale: daai
    • Cantonese Pinyin: daai³
    • Guangdong Romanization: dai³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /taːi̯³³/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: ai¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ai³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tai
    • Hakka Romanization System: dai
    • Hagfa Pinyim: dai⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /tai̯⁵⁵/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: dai^ˇ
    • Sinological IPA: /tai¹¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: dai⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /taɪ⁵³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: dái
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɑi²¹³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: di⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ti⁴²/
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: doe⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tø⁴²/
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: dai⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tai⁴²/

Note:

• di4 - vernacular;
• doe4 - vernacular (surname);
• dai4 - literary.

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tì
    • Tâi-lô: tì
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dix
    • IPA (Taipei): /ti¹¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /ti²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ti⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan, Magong, Hsinchu, Taichung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tè
    • Tâi-lô: tè
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dex
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /te²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /te¹¹/
    • IPA (Jinjiang): /te⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen, Hsinchu)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tèr
    • Tâi-lô: tèr
    • IPA (Lukang): /tə³¹/
    • IPA (Kinmen): /tə¹²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tə⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tài
    • Tâi-lô: tài
    • Phofsit Daibuun: daix
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /tai⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /tai²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /tai¹¹/

Note:

• tì - vernacular;
• tè/tèr - vernacular (surname);
• tài - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: di³ / do³ / dai³
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tì / tò / tài
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ti²¹³/, /to²¹³/, /tai²¹³/

Note:

• di3 - vernacular;
• do3 - vernacular (surname);
• dai3 - literary.

• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵te; ⁵ta
    • MiniDict: te^去; ta^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²te; ²ta
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /te³⁴/, /ta³⁴/

Note: 2ta - alternative pronunciation for the verb sense.

---

• Middle Chinese: tojH

Rime
Character	戴
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	端 (5)
Final (韻)	咍 (41)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	都代切
Baxter	tojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʌiH/
Pan Wuyun	/təiH/
Shao Rongfen	/tɒiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/təjH/
Li Rong	/tᴀiH/
Wang Li	/tɒiH/
Bernard Karlgren	/tɑ̆iH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dài
Expected Cantonese Reflex	doi3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə.tˤək-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔl'ɯːɡs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	戴
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	dài
Middle Chinese	‹ tojH ›
Old Chinese	/*Cə.tˁək-s/
English	carry on the head
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	戴
Reading #	1/1
No.	14960
Phonetic component	弋
Rime group	代
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	戴
Old Chinese	/*ʔl'ɯːɡs/
Notes	朱駿聲籀文弋聲， 金文異爲戴初文象手護所頂物， 加弋聲轉註，再̩類化訛此

Definitions

戴

1. to wear something on the head; to carry on the head
2. to put on; to wear (a hat, scarf, jewelry, wristwatch, glasses, flower or other object that is “attached” to the body)
3. to support; to bear
4. to respect; to esteem
5. a surname

   戴季陶  ―  Dài Jìtáo  ―  Dai Jitao

Usage notes

• (Modern Standard Chinese) A different verb, 穿 (chuān), is used for articles of clothing including shirts, jackets, trousers/pants, and shoes.

Compounds

• 不共戴天 (bùgòngdàitiān)
• 乘車戴笠／乘车戴笠
• 佩戴 (pèidài)
• 依戴
• 北戴河 (Běidàihé)
• 合菜戴帽
• 含齒戴髮／含齿戴发
• 噙齒戴髮／噙齿戴发
• 大戴
• 大戴小戴
• 大戴禮／大戴礼
• 大戴禮記／大戴礼记
• 小戴
• 小戴禮記／小戴礼记
• 履戴
• 張冠李戴／张冠李戴 (zhāngguānlǐdài)
• 感恩戴德 (gǎn'ēndàidé)
• 感恩戴義／感恩戴义
• 愛戴／爱戴 (àidài)
• 感戴
• 戴圓履方／戴圆履方
• 戴天
• 戴天之仇
• 戴天履地
• 戴奧辛／戴奥辛 (dài'àoxīn)
• 戴孝 (dàixiào)
• 戴家場／戴家场 (Dàijiāchǎng)
• 戴帽子
• 戴憑奪席／戴凭夺席
• 戴憑重席／戴凭重席
• 戴星
• 戴月披星
• 戴河 (Dàihé)
• 戴炭簍子／戴炭篓子
• 戴白
• 戴盆望天
• 戴目
• 戴禮／戴礼
• 戴笠
• 戴笠荷鋤／戴笠荷锄
• 戴綠帽子／戴绿帽子 (dài lǜmàozi)
• 戴罪圖功／戴罪图功
• 戴罪立功 (dàizuìlìgōng)
• 戴逵破琴
• 戴雞佩豚／戴鸡佩豚
• 戴頂子／戴顶子
• 戴頭識臉／戴头识脸
• 戴高帽 (dài gāomào)
• 戴髮含齒／戴发含齿
• 披星戴月 (pīxīngdàiyuè)
• 披金戴玉
• 推戴 (tuīdài)
• 插戴 (chādài)
• 擔戴／担戴
• 擁戴／拥戴 (yōngdài)
• 木匠戴枷
• 欣戴
• 穿戴 (chuāndài)
• 穿金戴銀／穿金戴银
• 穿靴戴帽
• 翊戴
• 翼戴
• 訪戴／访戴
• 訢戴／䜣戴
• 負山戴岳／负山戴岳
• 負戴／负戴
• 配戴 (pèidài)
• 重戴
• 頂戴／顶戴 (dǐngdài)
• 鼇戴／鳌戴

 

References

• “Entry #12174”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.
• “戴”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

戴

(Jōyō kanji)

1. be crowned with

Readings

• Go-on: たい (tai, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: たい (tai, Jōyō)
• Kun: いただく (itadaku, 戴く)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 戴 (MC tojH). Recorded as Middle Korean ᄃᆡ〯 (tǒy) (Yale: tǒy) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [tɛ(ː)] ~ [te̞(ː)]
• Phonetic hangul: [대(ː)/데(ː)]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Wikisource

戴 (eumhun 일 대 (il dae))

1. hanja form^? of 대 (“to esteem”)

Compounds

Compounds

• 추대 (推戴, chudae)
• 대관 (戴冠, daegwan)
• 봉대 (奉戴, bongdae)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

Han character

戴: Hán Nôm readings: dải, đái, trải

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.