顏
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Translingual
[edit]| Traditional | 顏 |
|---|---|
| Shinjitai | 顔 |
| Simplified | 颜 |
Han character
[edit]顏 (Kangxi radical 181, 頁+9, 18 strokes, cangjie input 難卜竹一月 (XYHMB) or 卜竹一月金 (YHMBC), four-corner 01286, composition ⿰彥頁)
Related characters
[edit]- 顔 (Preferred form used in Japan, Korea and Vietnam. Also a variant Chinese traditional form)
- 颜 (Simplified Chinese)
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1407, character 5
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 43591
- Dae Jaweon: page 1924, character 21
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): not present, would follow volume 7, page 4383, character 10
- Unihan data for U+984F
Chinese
[edit]| trad. | 顏/顔 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 颜 | |
| 2nd round simp. | 彦 | |
| alternative forms | 𩕝 𩠪 | |
Glyph origin
[edit]Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋraːn) : phonetic 彥 (OC *ŋrans) + semantic 頁 (“head”).
Bronze inscription forms: Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋraːn) : phonetic 产 () + semantic 面 (“face”).
Etymology
[edit]Various possibilities exist:
- Related to 額 (OC *ŋɡraːɡ, “forehead”) (Wang, 1982);
- From 迓 (OC *ŋraːs, “to receive; to welcome”) + nominalising suffix *-n (Schuessler, 2007);
- Related to Tibetan ངར (ngar, “front side”) (Schuessler, 2007).
- From a root *ŋ(ˤ)rar (“slope, nearly vertical side”), whence also 涯 (OC *ŋˤrar, “river bank”), 巘 (OC *ŋ(r)ar(ʔ), “hill”), & 山 (OC *s-ŋrar, “mountain”) (Baxter & Sagart, 2014).
- Cognate with Japhug tɯrŋa (“face”), Khroskyabs rŋá (Zhang, Jacques, and Lai, 2019).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka
- Northern Min (KCR): ngǎing
- Eastern Min (BUC): ngàng
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ngang2
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6nge; 6yi
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄢˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yán
- Wade–Giles: yen2
- Yale: yán
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yan
- Palladius: янь (janʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɛn³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ngaan4
- Yale: ngàahn
- Cantonese Pinyin: ngaan4
- Guangdong Romanization: ngan4
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋaːn²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: ngan3
- Sinological IPA (key): /ᵑɡan²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngièn
- Hakka Romanization System: ngienˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: ngian2
- Sinological IPA: /ŋi̯en¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngiàn
- Hakka Romanization System: ngianˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: ngian2
- Sinological IPA: /ŋi̯an¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ngǎing
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋaiŋ²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ngàng
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋaŋ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: ngang2
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋaŋ¹³/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Southern Min
Note:
- Xiamen:
- gân - literary (incl. surname);
- hiâⁿ - vernacular.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: nguang5 / nguêng5 / hian5 / ngang5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nguâng / nguêng / hiâⁿ / ngâng
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋuaŋ⁵⁵/, /ŋueŋ⁵⁵/, /hĩã⁵⁵/, /ŋaŋ⁵⁵/
Note:
- nguang5 - Shantou, nguêng5 - Chaozhou;
- hian5/ngang5 - surname.
- Middle Chinese: ngaen
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.ŋˤrar/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ŋraːn/
Definitions
[edit]顏
- (literary, anatomy) forehead, especially the glabellar area
- countenance; facial expression
- 有女同車，顏如舜華。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Yǒu nǚ tóng chē, yán rú shùnhuá. [Pinyin]
- There is the lady in the carriage [with him],
With the countenance like the flower of the ephemeral hedge-tree.
有女同车，颜如舜华。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
- color; hue
- prestige; dignity
- a surname
- 顏真卿／颜真卿 ― Yán Zhēnqīng ― Yan Zhenqing (Tang dynasty calligrapher)
Synonyms
[edit]- (face):
- (color): 色 (sè)
Compounds
[edit]- 不徇顏面／不徇颜面
- 久違顏範／久违颜范
- 五顏六色／五颜六色 (wǔyánliùsè)
- 仙顏／仙颜
- 低顏／低颜
- 低顏下膝／低颜下膝
- 假以顏色／假以颜色
- 分顏／分颜
- 厚顏／厚颜 (hòuyán)
- 厚顏無恥／厚颜无耻 (hòuyánwúchǐ)
- 反顏／反颜 (fǎnyán)
- 和顏／和颜
- 和顏下氣／和颜下气
- 和顏悅色／和颜悦色 (héyányuèsè)
- 喜笑顏開／喜笑颜开 (xǐxiàoyánkāi)
- 喜逐顏開／喜逐颜开
- 天顏／天颜
- 奴顏婢睞／奴颜婢睐
- 奴顏婢膝／奴颜婢膝 (núyánbìxī)
- 奴顏媚骨／奴颜媚骨 (núyánmèigǔ)
- 婢膝奴顏／婢膝奴颜
- 完顏／完颜 (Wányán)
- 容顏／容颜 (róngyán)
- 寄顏無所／寄颜无所
- 察顏觀色／察颜观色 (cháyánguānsè)
- 尊顏／尊颜 (zūnyán)
- 展顏／展颜
- 廣告顏料／广告颜料
- 強顏／强颜
- 強顏歡笑／强颜欢笑 (qiǎngyánhuānxiào)
- 形於顏色／形于颜色
- 怡顏／怡颜
- 怡顏悅色／怡颜悦色
- 愁顏不展／愁颜不展
- 慈顏／慈颜
- 承顏／承颜
- 抗顏／抗颜
- 承顏候色／承颜候色
- 承顏接辭／承颜接辞
- 承顏順旨／承颜顺旨
- 披顏／披颜
- 措顏無地／措颜无地
- 摧顏／摧颜
- 改顏／改颜
- 啟顏／启颜
- 朱顏／朱颜 (zhūyán)
- 朱顏粉面／朱颜粉面
- 朱顏鶴髮／朱颜鹤发
- 歡顏／欢颜
- 正言厲顏／正言厉颜
- 正顏／正颜
- 正顏厲色／正颜厉色
- 毀顏／毁颜
- 汗顏／汗颜 (hànyán)
- 沒顏色／没颜色
- 沒顏落色／没颜落色
- 清顏／清颜
- 無顏／无颜 (wúyán)
- 爨龍顏碑／爨龙颜碑
- 犯顏／犯颜 (fànyán)
- 犯顏苦諫／犯颜苦谏
- 玉顏／玉颜
- 發光顏料／发光颜料
- 白髮朱顏／白发朱颜
- 白髮紅顏／白发红颜 (báifǎ hóngyán)
- 白髮蒼顏／白发苍颜
- 皓首蒼顏／皓首苍颜
- 盛顏／盛颜
- 盜跖顏淵／盗跖颜渊
- 破顏／破颜
- 破顏微笑／破颜微笑
- 碧眼童顏／碧眼童颜 (bìyǎntóngyán)
- 秋顏／秋颜
- 童顏／童颜 (tóngyán)
- 童顏鶴髮／童颜鹤发 (tóngyánhèfà)
- 笑逐顏開／笑逐颜开 (xiàozhúyánkāi)
- 紅顏／红颜 (hóngyán)
- 紅顏命薄／红颜命薄
- 紅顏薄命／红颜薄命 (hóngyánbómìng)
- 給以顏色／给以颜色
- 綠鬢朱顏／绿鬓朱颜
- 芝顏／芝颜
- 花顏月貌／花颜月貌
- 蒼顏／苍颜 (cāngyán)
- 衰顏／衰颜
- 解顏／解颜
- 變顏／变颜
- 赧顏／赧颜 (nǎnyán)
- 赧顏汗下／赧颜汗下
- 還以顏色／还以颜色
- 酡顏／酡颜
- 鈞顏／钧颜
- 錯認顏標／错认颜标
- 開顏／开颜
- 隆顏／隆颜
- 霽顏／霁颜
- 靦顏／䩄颜
- 靦顏事仇／䩄颜事仇
- 靦顏借命／䩄颜借命
- 韶顏稚齒／韶颜稚齿
- 顏如玉／颜如玉
- 顏字／颜字
- 顏料／颜料 (yánliào)
- 顏柳／颜柳
- 顏筋柳骨／颜筋柳骨
- 顏範／颜范
- 顏色／颜色
- 顏苦孔卓／颜苦孔卓
- 顏闔鑿培／颜阖凿培
- 顏面／颜面 (yánmiàn)
- 顏面神經／颜面神经 (yánmiàn shénjīng)
- 顏面角／颜面角
- 顏面骨／颜面骨
- 顏骨柳筋／颜骨柳筋
- 顏體／颜体
- 養顏／养颜 (yǎngyán)
- 養顏有術／养颜有术
- 駐顏／驻颜 (zhùyán)
- 駐顏有術／驻颜有术
- 鶴髮童顏／鹤发童颜 (hèfàtóngyán)
- 龍顏／龙颜 (lóngyán)
Japanese
[edit]| 顔 | |
| 顏 |
Kanji
[edit]顏
(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 顔)[1]
- Kyūjitai form of 顔 (face; expression)
Readings
[edit]Usage notes
[edit]For the character commonly used in modern Japan, see 顔 instead.
References
[edit]- ^ “顏”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]顏 • (an) (hangeul 안, McCune–Reischauer an, Yale an)
- face
- facial appearance
Miyako
[edit]Kanji
[edit]顏
Etymology
[edit]From 目 (mī, “eye”) + 鼻 (pana, “nose”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]顏 (mipana)
Okinawan
[edit]Kanji
[edit]顏
Readings
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]顏 (chira)
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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- mvi:Anatomy
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