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姦

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 奸 and 姧
姦 U+59E6, 姦
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-59E6
← 姥
[U+59E5] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 姧 →
[U+59E7]

Translingual

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Han character

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姦 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+6, 9 strokes, Cangjie input 女女女 (VVV), four-corner 40444, composition ⿱女奻)

Derived characters

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Additional Derived Characters

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 260, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6217
  • Dae Jaweon: page 526, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1048, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+59E6

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 姦
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (姦) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
姦 *kraːn
葌 *kraːn

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): Triplication of 女 (“woman”).

Etymology 1

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trad. 姦/奸*
simp. 奸*
alternative forms 姧
𢙶

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • 1ke - vernacular;
  • 1ji - literary.
    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location 姦
    Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕian⁵⁵/
    Harbin /t͡ɕian⁴⁴/
    Tianjin /t͡ɕian²¹/
    Jinan /t͡ɕiã²¹³/
    Qingdao /t͡ɕiã²¹³/
    Zhengzhou /t͡ɕian²⁴/
    Xi'an /t͡ɕiã²¹/
    Xining /t͡ɕiã⁴⁴/
    Yinchuan /t͡ɕian⁴⁴/
    Lanzhou /t͡ɕiɛ̃n³¹/
    Ürümqi /t͡ɕian⁴⁴/
    Wuhan /t͡ɕiɛn⁵⁵/
    Chengdu /t͡ɕian⁵⁵/
    Guiyang /t͡ɕian⁵⁵/
    Kunming /t͡ɕiɛ̃⁴⁴/
    Nanjing /t͡ɕien³¹/
    Hefei /t͡ɕiĩ²¹/
    Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕie¹¹/
    Pingyao /t͡ɕiɑŋ¹³/
    Hohhot /t͡ɕie³¹/
    Wu Shanghai /ke⁵³/
    Suzhou /t͡ɕiɪ⁵⁵/
    Hangzhou /t͡ɕiẽ̞³³/
    Wenzhou /ka³³/
    Hui Shexian /t͡ɕie³¹/
    /kɛ³¹/
    Tunxi /kɔ¹¹/ 強～
    /t͡siɛ¹¹/ ～賊
    Xiang Changsha /kan³³/
    Xiangtan /kan³³/
    Gan Nanchang /kan⁴²/
    Hakka Meixian /kian⁴⁴/
    Taoyuan /kien²⁴/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /kan⁵³/
    Nanning /kan⁵⁵/
    Hong Kong /kan⁵⁵/
    Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /kan⁵⁵/
    Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /kaŋ⁴⁴/
    Jian'ou (Northern Min) /kaiŋ⁵⁴/
    Shantou (Teochew) /kaŋ³³/
    Haikou (Hainanese) /kaŋ²³/
    Rime
    Character 姦
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 見 (28)
    Final (韻) 刪 (69)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) II
    Fanqie 古顔切
    Baxter kaen
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/kˠan/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/kᵚan/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/kɐn/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/kaɨn/
    Li
    Rong         		/kan/
    Wang
    Li         		/kan/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren         		/kan/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		jiān
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		gaan1
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 姦
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		jiān
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ kæn ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[k]ˁran/
    English wicked(ness)

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 姦
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 6027
    Phonetic
    component         		姦
    Rime
    group         		元
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		姦
    Old
    Chinese         		/*kraːn/

    Definitions

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    姦

    1. evil; wicked; treacherous
    2. evildoer; treacherous person
      姦人／奸人  ―  jiānrén  ―  bad person, evildoer
    3. to stage an armed rebellion or to steal
    4. traitor; betrayer
    5. to commit adultery
      通姦／通奸  ―  tōngjiān  ―  to commit adultery
    6. extramarital affair; adultery
    7. to rape
      強姦／强奸  ―  qiángjiān  ―  to rape

    Compounds

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    Etymology 2

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    trad. 姦
    simp. 奸*
    alternative forms 幹／干
    諫／谏

    Pronunciation

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    Note: 1. Read as "kán" for one-syllable interjection. 2. Rarely used alone in Quanzhou, in favor of 使 (sái), except Quanzhou-like accents in Taiwan that follow Quanzhou tones like Lukang and nearby areas.

    Definitions

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    姦

    1. (Hokkien, chiefly Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien, vulgar) to fuck
    2. (Taiwanese Hokkien, vulgar) An interjection used to express one's anger: fuck!
    3. (Hokkien, chiefly Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Singapore Hokkien, vulgar) to chide; to swear; to curse; to scold
      伊著姦。／伊著奸。 [Hokkien]  ―  I tio̍h kàn. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  He/She should scold.

    Synonyms

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    Dialectal synonyms of 肏 (“to fuck; to have sex with”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 肏1, 日, 弄
    Taiwan 幹, 肏1
    Harbin 肏1
    Shenyang 肏1
    Malaysia 幹
    Singapore 幹
    Jilu Mandarin Jinan 肏1
    Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 肏1
    Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 日, 尻
    Wanrong 日
    Xi'an 窄, 失
    Xining 日
    Xuzhou 日, 尻, 操, 肏1
    Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 日
    Lanzhou 日
    Ürümqi 日
    Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 日
    Wuhan 日, 搞
    Guiyang 日, 肏1
    Kunming 日
    Guilin 屌, 肏1
    Liuzhou 屌, 肏1
    Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 日, 操
    Yangzhou 入
    Hefei 弄
    Cantonese Guangzhou 屌
    Hong Kong 屌
    Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) 屌
    Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 屌
    Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 屌
    Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 屌
    Macau 屌
    Guangzhou (Panyu) 屌
    Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 屌
    Guangzhou (Conghua) 屌
    Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 屌
    Foshan 屌
    Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 屌
    Foshan (Shunde) 屌
    Foshan (Sanshui) 屌
    Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 屌
    Zhongshan (Shiqi) 屌
    Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 屌
    Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 屌
    Zhuhai (Doumen) 屌
    Jiangmen (Baisha) 屌
    Jiangmen (Xinhui) 屌
    Taishan 屌
    Kaiping (Chikan) 屌
    Enping (Niujiang) 屌
    Heshan (Yayao) 屌
    Dongguan 屌
    Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 屌
    Qingyuan 屌
    Fogang 屌
    Yingde (Hanguang) 屌
    Yangshan 屌
    Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui) 屌
    Shaoguan 屌
    Shaoguan (Qujiang) 屌
    Renhua 屌
    Lechang 屌
    Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 屌
    Sihui 屌
    Guangning 屌
    Deqing 屌
    Huaiji 屌
    Fengkai (Nanfeng) 屌
    Yunfu 屌
    Xinxing 屌
    Luoding 屌
    Yunan (Pingtai) 屌
    Yangjiang 屌
    Xinyi 屌
    Lianjiang 屌
    Beihai 屌
    Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 屌
    Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 屌
    Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 屌
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 屌
    Penang (Guangfu) 屌
    Singapore (Guangfu) 屌
    Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 屌
    Móng Cái 屌
    Gan Nanchang 戳
    Lichuan 戳
    Pingxiang 戳
    Hakka Meixian 屌
    Xingning 屌
    Dabu (Xihe) 屌
    Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 屌
    Huidong (Daling) 屌
    Dongguan (Qingxi) 屌
    Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 屌
    Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 屌
    Wuhua (Huacheng) 屌
    Heyuan (Bendihua) 屌
    Wengyuan 屌
    Shaoguan (Qujiang) 屌
    Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 屌
    Liannan 屌
    Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 屌
    Jiexi 屌
    Changting 屌
    Wuping 屌
    Wuping (Yanqian) 屌
    Wuping (Pingyu) 屌
    Liancheng 屌
    Ninghua 屌
    Yudu 屌, 戳
    Ningdu 屌
    Ruijin 屌
    Shicheng 屌
    Shangyou (Shexi) 屌
    Tonggu (Sandu) 屌, 戳
    Ganzhou (Panlong) 屌
    Dayu 屌
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 屌
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 屌
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 屌
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 屌
    Hong Kong 屌
    Yangxi (Tangkou) 屌
    Yangchun (Sanjia) 屌
    Xinyi (Sihe) 屌
    Xinyi (Qianpai) 屌
    Gaozhou (Xindong) 屌
    Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 屌
    Huazhou (Xin'an) 屌
    Lianjiang (Shijiao) 屌
    Lianjiang (Qingping) 屌
    Mengshan (Xihe) 屌
    Luchuan 屌
    Sabah (Longchuan) 屌
    Kuala Lumpur (Dabu) 屌
    Jin Taiyuan 透, 肏1, 日
    Xinzhou 透, 日
    Linhe 透
    Jining 透
    Hohhot 透
    Baotou 透
    Northern Min Jian'ou 饁
    Eastern Min Fuzhou 𠚺
    Fuzhou (Changle) 𠚺
    Fuqing 𠚺
    Gutian 𠚺
    Fu'an 操
    Ningde 操
    Shouning 戳
    Zhouning 戳
    Fuding 操
    Southern Min Xiamen 姦
    Xiamen (Tong'an) 箍
    Quanzhou 使, 獛
    Jinjiang 使
    Nan'an 使
    Hui'an 使
    Anxi 使
    Yongchun 使
    Dehua 使
    Zhangzhou 姦, 躄
    Taipei 姦
    Kaohsiung 姦
    Yilan 姦
    Taichung 姦
    Tainan 姦
    Taitung 姦
    Penang (Hokkien) 姦
    Singapore (Hokkien) 姦, 使
    Manila (Hokkien) 使
    Chaozhou 甫
    Shantou 甫
    Shantou (Chenghai) 甫
    Shantou (Chaoyang) 甫
    Jieyang 甫
    Lufeng 甫
    Haifeng 甫
    Johor Bahru (Teochew) 甫
    Singapore (Teochew) 甫
    Leizhou 肏4
    Wenchang 肏4
    Haikou 肏4
    Puxian Min Putian 騷
    Xianyou 騷
    Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 屌
    Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 屌
    Wu Shanghai 戳
    Shanghai (Chongming) 戳
    Suzhou 戳
    Haining (Yanguan) 戳
    Danyang 肏5
    Ningbo 嬉
    Wenzhou 裝
    Jinhua 弄, 入
    Xiang Changsha 肏3
    Loudi 肏3
    Shuangfeng 肏3
    • (word to express one's anger): 肏 (cào)
    Dialectal synonyms of 罵 (“to scold”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 罵
    Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 罵, 啳
    Taiwan 罵
    Malaysia 罵
    Singapore 罵
    Jilu Mandarin Weifang (Weicheng) 噘
    Jinan 罵, 啳
    Central Plains Mandarin Xi'an 罵, 噘
    Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 罵
    Wuhan 罵, 通
    Guilin 罵
    Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 罵
    Hefei 抽, 噘
    Cantonese Guangzhou 鬧, 㨘, 插, 屌 vulgar
    Hong Kong 鬧, 㨘, 插, 屌 vulgar
    Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 鬧
    Macau 鬧
    Guangzhou (Panyu) 鬧
    Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 鬧
    Guangzhou (Conghua) 鬧
    Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 怒
    Foshan 鬧
    Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 嗌
    Foshan (Shunde) 鬧
    Foshan (Sanshui) 鬧
    Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 鬧
    Zhongshan (Shiqi) 鬧
    Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 鬧
    Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 鬧
    Zhuhai (Doumen) 鬧
    Jiangmen (Baisha) 鬧
    Jiangmen (Xinhui) 鬧
    Taishan 鬧
    Kaiping (Chikan) 鬧
    Enping (Niujiang) 鬧
    Heshan (Yayao) 鬧
    Dongguan 鬧
    Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 鬧
    Yangjiang 數
    Beihai 嬲
    Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 嬲
    Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 嬲
    Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 嬲
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 鬧
    Singapore (Guangfu) 鬧
    Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 鬧
    Móng Cái 嬲
    Gan Nanchang 罵
    Hakka Meixian 罵, 嘟
    Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 鬧
    Dongguan (Qingxi) 罵
    Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 罵
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 罵
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 罵
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 罵
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 罵
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 罵
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 罵
    Singapore (Dabu) 罵
    Jin Taiyuan 罵
    Northern Min Jian'ou 罵, 詈
    Eastern Min Fuzhou 罵, 嚗
    Southern Min Xiamen 罵, 詈
    Quanzhou 罵, 詈
    Jinjiang 罵
    Zhangzhou 罵, 詈
    Zhao'an 罵
    Taipei 罵
    New Taipei (Sanxia) 罵
    Kaohsiung 罵
    Yilan 罵
    Changhua (Lukang) 罵
    Taichung 罵
    Tainan 罵
    Hsinchu 罵
    Kinmen 罵
    Penghu (Magong) 罵
    Penang (Hokkien) 罵
    Singapore (Hokkien) 罵, 姦 vulgar
    Manila (Hokkien) 罵, 𧮙
    Chaozhou 罵
    Shantou 罵, 咅
    Shantou (Chaoyang) 罵
    Jieyang 罵, 咅, 誧咅, 誧倫, 誧罵
    Singapore (Teochew) 罵
    Wenchang 罵
    Singapore (Hainanese) 罵
    Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 罵
    Wu Suzhou 罵
    Ningbo 𧮙
    Wenzhou 𧮙, 謴
    Xiang Changsha 罵, 咒, 反
    Shuangfeng 咒, 罵
    Hengyang 罵

    Compounds

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    References

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    Japanese

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    Alternative forms

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    Kanji

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    姦

    (Hyōgai kanji)

    1. wicked
    2. mischief
    3. seduce
    4. rape
    5. noisy

    Readings

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    • Go-on: けん (ken)
    • Kan-on: かん (kan)
    • Kun: みだら (midara, 姦)、よこしま (yokoshima, 姦)、かしましい (kashimashii, 姦しい)

    Compounds

    [edit]


    Kanji in this term
    姦
    かん
    Hyōgai
    on'yomi

    Etymology

    [edit]

    From Middle Chinese 姦 (kaen).

    Pronunciation

    [edit]

    Adjective

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    姦(かん) • (kan) -na (adnominal 姦(かん)な (kan na), adverbial 姦(かん)に (kan ni))

    1. wicked

    Inflection

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    Inflection of 姦
    Stem forms
    Imperfective (未然形) 姦だろ かんだろ kan daro
    Continuative (連用形) 姦で かんで kan de
    Terminal (終止形) 姦だ かんだ kan da
    Attributive (連体形) 姦な かんな kan na
    Hypothetical (仮定形) 姦なら かんなら kan nara
    Imperative (命令形) 姦であれ かんであれ kan de are
    Key constructions
    Informal negative 姦ではない
    姦じゃない         		かんではない
    かんじゃない         		kan de wa nai
    kan ja nai
    Informal past 姦だった かんだった kan datta
    Informal negative past 姦ではなかった
    姦じゃなかった         		かんではなかった
    かんじゃなかった         		kan de wa nakatta
    kan ja nakatta
    Formal 姦です かんです kan desu
    Formal negative 姦ではありません
    姦じゃありません         		かんではありません
    かんじゃありません         		kan de wa arimasen
    kan ja arimasen
    Formal past 姦でした かんでした kan deshita
    Formal negative past 姦ではありませんでした
    姦じゃありませんでした         		かんではありませんでした
    かんじゃありませんでした         		kan de wa arimasen deshita
    kan ja arimasen deshita
    Conjunctive 姦で かんで kan de
    Conditional 姦なら（ば） かんなら（ば） kan nara (ba)
    Provisional 姦だったら かんだったら kan dattara
    Volitional 姦だろう かんだろう kan darō
    Adverbial 姦に かんに kan ni
    Degree 姦さ かんさ kansa

    Noun

    [edit]

    姦(かん) • (kan) 

    1. wickedness, wicked person

    References

    [edit]
    1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

    Korean

    [edit]

    Etymology

    [edit]

    From Middle Chinese 姦 (MC kaen). Recorded as Middle Korean 간 (kan) (Yale: kan) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

    Pronunciation

    [edit]
    • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ka̠(ː)n]
    • Phonetic hangul: [간(ː)]
      • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

    Hanja

    [edit]
    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    姦 (eumhun 간음할 간 (ganeumhal gan))

    1. hanja form? of 간 (“evil; wicked; treacherous”)
    2. hanja form? of 간 (“to rape; to fornicate”)

    Compounds

    [edit]

    References

    [edit]
    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

    Vietnamese

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    Han character

    [edit]

    姦: Hán Nôm readings: gian

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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