tom

See also Appendix:Variations of "tom"

English

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA: /tɒm/, X-SAMPA: /tQm/
• (US) IPA: /tɑm/, X-SAMPA: /tAm/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɒm

Etymology 1

From generic use of the proper name Tom.

Noun

tom (plural toms)

1. The male of the domesticated cat.
2. The male of the turkey.
3. The male of certain other animals.
4. (UK, slang) A prostitute.
5. (music) A type of drum.
6. (obsolete) The jack of trumps in the card game gleek.

Synonyms

• (male cat): tomcat
• (male turkey): turkey-cock
• (male of other animals): male
• (prostitute): See also Wikisaurus:prostitute

Derived terms

• tomboy
• tomcat

• tomfool
• tom-tit

Translations

male cat

• Belarusian: кот (be) (kot) m
• Breton: targazh (br) m
• Bulgarian: котарак (bg) (kotarák) m
• Catalan: gat (ca) m (depending of the context is male or general)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 公貓 (cmn), 公猫 (cmn) (gōngmāo), 雄貓 (cmn), 雄猫 (cmn) (xióngmāo)

• Czech: kocour (cs) m
• Danish: hankat (da) c
• Dutch: kater (nl) m
• Esperanto: virkato (eo) m, katiĉo (eo) m
• Finnish: kolli (fi)
• French: matou (fr), chat (fr) m
• German: Kater (de) m
• Greek: γάτος (el) (gátos) m
• Hausa: mùzūrū (ha) m
• Hungarian: kandúr (hu)
• Icelandic: högni (is) m
• Italian: gatto (it) m
• Japanese: 雄猫 (ja) (おすねこ, osuneko, おねこ, oneko)

• Khmer: សត្វឆ្មាបា (km) (sat cmaa baa), ឆ្មាបា (km) (cmaa baa)
• Korean: 수고양이 (ko) (sugoyangi)
• Macedonian: мачор (mk) (máčor) m
• Malay: kucing jantan (ms)
• Novial: kato
• Polish: kocur (pl) m, kot (pl) m
• Portuguese: gato (pt) m
• Romanian: cotoi (ro) m
• Russian: кот (ru) (kot) m
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: мачор (sh) m, мачак (sh) m

  Roman: mačor (sh) m, mačak (sh) m

• Slovak: kocúr (sk) m
• Sorbian:

  Lower Sorbian: kócor m

• Spanish: gato (es) m
• Swedish: katt (sv) c (also female; if gender is important, hankatt (sv) should be used)
• Ukrainian: кіт (uk) (kit) m
• Volapük: (♂♀) kat (vo), (♂) hikat (vo), (♀) jikat (vo)
• West Frisian: boarre (fy) c

male turkey — see turkey-cock

male of other animals

• Catalan: mascle (ca) m
• Finnish: koiras (fi)
• French: mâle (fr) m
• Italian: maschio (it) m

• Romanian: mascul (ro) m
• Russian: самец (ru) (saméc) m
• Spanish: macho (es) m
• Swedish: hane (sv) c

slang: prostitute

See also: prostitute

drum type

• Spanish: tamtan (es) m

• Swedish: hängpuka (sv) c, tom (sv) c

Etymology 2

Shortened from tomato

Noun

tom (plural toms)

1. (UK, greengrocers' slang) A tomato (the fruit).

   Toms 90p a pound

Etymology 3

Rhyming slang from tomfoolery.

Noun

tom (uncountable)

1. (Cockney rhyming slang) jewellery

Anagrams

• Mot , MOT

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Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse tómr.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /tɔm/, [tˢʌmˀ]

Adjective

tom

1. empty

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Irish

Etymology 1

From Old Irish tom (“bush, tuft; hillock, knoll”).

Noun

tom m (genitive toim, nominative plural toim)

1. bush, shrub
2. clump, tuft, tussock

Declension

Declension of tom

First declension

Bare forms: Case Singular Plural Nominative tom toim Vocative a thoim a thoma Genitive toim tom Dative tom toim

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Plural Nominative an tom na toim Genitive an toim na dtom Dative leis an tom don tom leis na toim

Synonyms

• tor (“bush, shrub”)

Derived terms

• tomach (“bushy; tufted”)

Etymology 2

Noun

tom m (genitive toma, nominative plural tomanna)

1. Alternative form of taom.

Declension

Declension of tom

Third declension

Bare forms: Case Singular Plural Nominative tom tomanna Vocative a thom a thomanna Genitive toma tomanna Dative tom tomanna

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Plural Nominative an tom na tomanna Genitive an toma na dtomanna Dative leis an tom don tom leis na tomanna

Etymology 3

Verb

tom (present analytic tomann, future analytic tomfaidh, verbal noun tomadh, past participle tomtha)

1. Alternative form of tum.

Conjugation

First Conjugation (A)

		singular			plural			relative	autonomous
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	present	tomaim	tomann tú; tomair†	tomann sé, sí	tomaimid	tomann sibh	tomann siad; tomaid†	a thomann; a thomas	tomtar
	past	thom mé; thomas	thom tú; thomais	thom sé, sí	thomamar; thom muid	thom sibh; thomabhair	thom siad; thomadar	a thom	tomadh
	past habitual	thomainn	thomtá	thomadh sé, sí	thomaimis; thomadh muid	thomadh sibh	thomaidís; thomadh siad	a thomadh	thomtaí
	future	tomfaidh mé; tomfad	tomfaidh tú; tomfair†	tomfaidh sé, sí	tomfaimid; tomfaidh muid	tomfaidh sibh	tomfaidh siad; tomfaid†	a thomfaidh; a thomfas	tomfar
conditional		thomfainn	thomfá	thomfadh sé, sí	thomfaimis; thomfadh muid	thomfadh sibh	thomfaidís; thomfadh siad	a thomfadh	thomfaí
subjunctive	present	go dtoma mé; go dtomad†	go dtoma tú; go dtomair†	go dtoma sé, sí	go dtomaimid; go dtoma muid	go dtoma sibh	go dtoma siad; go dtomaid†	—	go dtomtar
	past	dá dtomainn	dá dtomtá	dá dtomadh sé, sí	dá dtomaimis; dá dtomadh muid	dá dtomadh sibh	dá dtomaidís; dá dtomadh siad	—	dá dtomtaí
imperative		tomaim	tom	tomadh sé, sí	tomaimis	tomaigí; tomaidh†	tomaidís	—	tomtar
verbal noun		tomadh
past participle		tomtha

† Dialect form

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
tom	thom	dtom
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

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Old English

Etymology

Proto-Germanic *tōmaz (“empty”). Akin to Old Norse tomr (“empty”), whence Icelandic tómur (“empty”).

Adjective

tōm

1. empty
2. (figuratively) free from

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Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA: [t̪ɔ̃m]

• audio

  (file)

Noun

tom m

1. volume (single book of a publication issued in multi-book format)

Declension

    declension of tom

	singular	plural
nominative	tom	tomy
genitive	tomu	tomów
dative	tomowi	tomom
accusative	tom	tomy
instrumental	tomem	tomami
locative	tomie	tomach
vocative	tomie	tomy

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Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin tonus. Compare Spanish tono.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /tõ/, X-SAMPA: /to~/

Noun

tom m (plural tons)

1. tone (property of sound determined by the frequency)

See also

• trom

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Scottish Gaelic

Pronunciation

• IPA: /t̪ʰɔum/

Noun

tom m (genitive tuim, plural toman or tomannan)

1. round hillock or knoll, rising ground, swell, green eminence
2. any round heap
3. tuft of anything
4. bush, thicket
5. anthill
6. (Islay) stool
7. volume of a book
8. bank
9. grave
10. (medicine, rare) the plague
11. conical knoll

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Slovene

Noun

tom m inan. (dual toma, plural tomi)

1. tome

See also

• zvezek m

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Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse tómr.

Pronunciation

• audio

  (file)

Adjective

tom

1. empty

Declension

Declension of tom

Inflections of tom		Absolute	Comparative	Superlative
				Attributive	Predicative
Indefinite singular	Common	tom	tommare		tommast
	Neuter	tomt
Definite singular	Masc.	tomme		tommaste
	All	tomma		tommaste
Plural		tomma		tommaste

Antonyms

• full

See also

• tömma