苟
See also: 茍
Translingual
Han character
苟 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 廿心口 (TPR), four-corner 44627, composition ⿱艹句)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1023, character 5
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30790
- Dae Jaweon: page 1482, character 5
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3194, character 12
- Unihan data for U+82DF
Chinese
trad. | 苟 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 苟 |
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 苟 | ||
---|---|---|
Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Old Chinese | |
---|---|
勾 | *koː, *koːs |
鉤 | *koː |
鴝 | *koː, *ɡo |
句 | *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo |
夠 | *koː, *koːs, *kʰoː |
枸 | *koː, *koːʔ, *koʔ |
軥 | *koː, *koːs, *ɡo |
狗 | *koːʔ |
苟 | *koːʔ |
岣 | *koːʔ, *ko |
笱 | *koːʔ |
玽 | *koːʔ |
耇 | *koːʔ |
豿 | *koːʔ, *qʰroːɡ |
敂 | *koːʔ |
怐 | *koːs, *kʰoːs, *qʰoːs, *kos |
雊 | *koːs |
竘 | *kʰoːʔ, *kʰoʔ |
齁 | *qʰoː |
呴 | *qʰoːʔ, *qʰos |
蚼 | *qʰoːʔ, *ɡo |
豞 | *qʰoːs |
訽 | *qʰoːs, *ɡoːs |
佝 | *qʰoːs |
拘 | *ko |
駒 | *ko |
眗 | *ko |
跔 | *ko |
鮈 | *ko |
痀 | *ko |
蒟 | *koʔ, *kos |
絇 | *kos, *ɡo |
邭 | *kos |
劬 | *ɡo |
朐 | *ɡo |
鼩 | *ɡo |
斪 | *ɡo |
翑 | *ɡo |
葋 | *ɡo |
姁 | *ɡo, *qʰo, *qʰoʔ, *qʰos |
欨 | *qʰo, *qʰoʔ |
喣 | *qʰoʔ |
煦 | *qʰoʔ, *qʰos |
昫 | *qʰos |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *koːʔ) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 句 (OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo) – a kind of grass, in original sense.
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄡˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: gǒu
- Wade–Giles: kou3
- Yale: gǒu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: goou
- Palladius: гоу (gou)
- Sinological IPA (key): /koʊ̯²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: gau2
- Yale: gáu
- Cantonese Pinyin: gau2
- Guangdong Romanization: geo2
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɐu̯³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kió
- Tâi-lô: kió
- Phofsit Daibuun: kioir
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kio⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kó͘
- Tâi-lô: kóo
- Phofsit Daibuun: kor
- IPA (Taipei, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kɔ⁵³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɔ⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: gou2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kóu
- Sinological IPA (key): /kou⁵²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Middle Chinese: kuwX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤ(r)oʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*koːʔ/
Definitions
- careless, frivolous
- illicit
- temporizing; unprincipled
- if, but, if only
- 苟能充之,足以保四海;苟不充之,不足以事父母。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
- From: Mencius, c. 4th century BCE
- Gǒu néng chōng zhī, zúyǐ bǎo sìhǎi; gǒu bù chōng zhī, bù zúyǐ shì fùmǔ. [Pinyin]
- If the four principles can be developed, men will be capable of lving and protecting all within the four seas; if the four principles are not developed, men will not be capable of serving their parents.
- a type of grass
- any; at all
- at least
- tentatively; for the time being
- 苟全性命於亂世,不求聞達於諸侯。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: (deprecated template usage) 諸葛亮 (Zhūgě Liàng), 《出師表》
- Gǒu quán xìngmìng yú luànshì, bù qiú wèndá yú zhūhóu. [Pinyin]
- For the time being, I did what I could to survive the chaotic times, and never wished to become eminent among the nobles.
苟全性命于乱世,不求闻达于诸侯。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- a surname
Compounds
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Etymology 2
For pronunciation and definitions of 苟 – see 茍 (“to be circumspect or cautious in one's behaviour ”). (This character is recorded in one or more historical dictionaries as a variant form of 茍). |
References
- “苟”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
Kanji
苟
Readings
Derived terms
Korean
Hanja
苟 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku, Yale kwu)
Vietnamese
Han character
(deprecated template usage) 苟 (cẩu)
1. (Tính) Cẩu thả, ẩu, bừa. ◎Như: "nhất bút bất cẩu" 一筆不苟 một nét không cẩu thả.
2. (Phó) Tạm, tạm bợ. ◎Như: "cẩu an đán tịch" 苟安旦夕 tạm yên sớm tối, "cẩu toàn tính mệnh" 苟全性命 tạm cầu cho còn tính mạng, "cẩu hợp" 苟合 lấy vợ lấy chồng không có đủ lễ chính đáng (không tính chuyện lâu dài).
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