-ik

See also: ik, Ik, IK, ik', and ik-

Abenaki

Suffix

-ik

1. A suffix used to form the plurals of some animate words.

Usage notes

• Often used to form the plurals of words (especially nouns denoting people who have particular occupations or activities) which end in the consonant d or t (which causes the d or t to mutate into j: nodabônkad, "baker" → nodabônkajik, "bakers"); only rarely used to form the plurals of words ending in other letters (nodkwaag, notkwahag, "pilot" → nodkwaagik, notkwahagik, "pilots").
• See the usage notes at -ak.

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Estonian

Etymology

From .

Suffix

-ik (genitive -iku, partitive -ikut)

1. Derives nouns from numerals, with the meaning "group of".

   kaks (“two”) → kaksik (“twin, group of two”)

   kolm (“three”) → kolmik (“triplet, group of three”)

   neli (“four”) → nelik (“quadruplet, four of a kind (poker), group of four”)

Declension

Declension of -ik (ÕS type 2/õpik, no gradation)
		singular	plural
nominative		-ik	-ikud
accusative	nom.
	gen.	-iku
genitive			-ikute
partitive		-ikut	-ikuid
illative		-ikusse	-ikutesse -ikuisse
inessive		-ikus	-ikutes -ikuis
elative		-ikust	-ikutest -ikuist
allative		-ikule	-ikutele -ikuile
adessive		-ikul	-ikutel -ikuil
ablative		-ikult	-ikutelt -ikuilt
translative		-ikuks	-ikuteks -ikuiks
terminative		-ikuni	-ikuteni
essive		-ikuna	-ikutena
abessive		-ikuta	-ikuteta
comitative		-ikuga	-ikutega

Derived terms

Estonian terms suffixed with -ik

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Hungarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ik]

Etymology 1

Adjective suffix.

Suffix

-ik

1. (adjective suffix) Specifies which one of a specific set of things/persons. Used with adjectives. See usage notes below.

   rosszabb (“worse”) → a rosszabbik (“the worse one”)

   más (“different”) ― (egy) másik (“another one”) ― a másik (“the other one”)

   A nagyobbik szobában Péter lakik. ― Peter lives in the bigger room (out of a specific set of rooms).

Usage notes

• (adjective suffix) The -ik creates a determining or specifying adjective from a comparative adjective so it will answer the question melyik? (“which?”). In a few cases it takes not a comparative but a positive adjective, which already incorporates the idea of comparison (e.g. más (“different”)). It is very often used with a definite article (a/az (“the”)).

Derived terms

Hungarian adjectives suffixed with -ik

Hungarian pronouns suffixed with -ik

Etymology 2

Possessive suffix.

Suffix

-ik

1. (possessive suffix) their ...-s (third-person plural, multiple possessions)

   kapu (“gate”) → a kapuik (“their gates”)

Usage notes

• (possessive suffix) Variants:

  -ik is added to words ending in a vowel except -i. Final -a changes to -á-. Final -e changes to -é-.

  -aik is added to some back-vowel words ending in a consonant

  -eik is added to some front-vowel words ending in a consonant

  -jaik is added to some back-vowel words ending in a consonant or the vowel -i

  -jeik is added to some front-vowel words ending in a consonant or the vowel -i

Etymology 3

Personal suffix.

Suffix

-ik

1. (personal suffix) The ending of a large group of passive/reflexive verbs in third-person singular present tense (indefinite conjugation). This is also the lemma form of these verbs.

   Sokat utazik. ― S/he travels a lot.

2. (personal suffix) Used to form the third-person plural present tense of verbs (definite conjugation).

   Megnézik a filmet. ― They will see the movie. [from megnéz (“to look at, to see”), indicating a definite object, here rendered with the]

Usage notes

The above two senses are usually not difficult to distinguish if one knows whether the verb's dictionary form ends in -ik. If it does, it is usually not a transitive verb (since most -ik verbs have a passive or reflexive meaning) so it will be probably an (indefinite) singular. On the other hand, if the verb's dictionary form has no -ik ending, the only option is the (definite) plural. Eszik (’to eat’) is one of the few -ik verbs that are transitive. In such a case, one needs to rely on the definiteness of the object. For more details, see its Usage notes.

    Present tense indefinite – personal suffixes

Person		Back     vowel	Front vowel
			unrounded	rounded
én	1st person singular	-ok	-ek	-ök
	-ik verbs (optional)	-om	-em	-öm
te	2nd person singular	-sz
	after two consonants or a long vowel + t	-asz	-esz
	after s, sz, z, dz	-ol	-el	-öl
ő maga ön	3rd person singular	–
	-ik verbs	-ik
mi	1st person plural	-unk	-ünk
ti	2nd person plural	-tok	-tek	-tök
	after two consonants or a long vowel + t	-otok	-etek	-ötök
ők maguk önök	3rd person plural	-nak	-nek
	after two consonants or a long vowel + t	-anak	-enek
See also: present-tense definite-object suffixes and second-person-object suffixes for informal addressing.

• (personal suffix, definite conjugation) See harmonic variants in the table below.

    Present tense definite – personal endings

Person		Back vowel	Front vowel
			unrounded	rounded
én	1st person singular	-om	-em	-öm
te	2nd person singular	-od	-ed	-öd
ő maga ön	3rd person singular or formal 2nd person singular	-ja	-i
mi	1st person plural	-juk	-jük
ti	2nd person plural	-játok	-itek
ők maguk önök	3rd person plural or formal 2nd person plural	-ják	-ik
See also: present-tense indefinite-object suffixes and second-person-object suffixes for informal addressing.

Derived terms

Hungarian verbs suffixed with -ik

See also

• Category:Hungarian verbs ending in -ik
• Category:Hungarian noun forms
• Appendix:Hungarian possessive suffixes
• Appendix:Hungarian suffixes

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Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English -iġ.

Suffix

-ik

1. Alternative form of -y.

References

• “-i, (suf.)”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 20 June 2018.
• “-i(e, (suf.2)”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 20 June 2018.

Etymology 2

From Old French -ique, from Latin -icus, from Proto-Indo-European *-kos. Doublet of -y.

Alternative forms

• -ike, -ique, -ic, -ice

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /iːk/, /ik/

Suffix

-ik

1. Forms nouns denoting a quality from adjectives; -ic.

Derived terms

Middle English terms suffixed with -ik

Descendants

• English: -ic

References

• “-ī̆k (suf.)”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-11-2.

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Polish

Alternative forms

• -yk

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *-ikъ.

Suffix

-ik m

1. Forms diminutive nouns.

Declension

(personal nouns)

Declension of -ik

	singular	plural
nominative	-ik	-icy/-iki (deprecative)
genitive	-ika	-ików
dative	-ikowi	-ikom
accusative	-ika	-ików
instrumental	-ikiem	-ikami
locative	-iku	-ikach
vocative	-iku	-icy

(other nouns)

Declension of -ik

	singular	plural
nominative	-ik	-iki
genitive	-ika	-ików
dative	-ikowi	-ikom
accusative	-ik	-iki
instrumental	-ikiem	-ikami
locative	-iku	-ikach
vocative	-iku	-iki

Derived terms

Polish terms suffixed with -ik

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Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *-ikъ.

Suffix

-ik (Cyrillic spelling -ик)

1. Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a profession, performer, place, object, tool or a feature.

See also

• -nik
• -enik
• -ovnik
• -evnik

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Veps

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) Presumably related to Finnish -ko.

Particle

-ik

1. Interrogative particle. It is attached to the finite verb in yes-no questions, which is then placed first in the sentence.

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Volapük

Suffix

-ik

1. Used to form adjectives and determiners.