準

See also: 准 and 凖

準 U+6E96, 準 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6E96 ← 溕 [U+6E95] CJK Unified Ideographs 溗 → [U+6E97]

Translingual

Han character

準 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 水土十 (EGJ), four-corner 3040₁, composition ⿱淮十)

Derived characters

• 𠿶 𢶥 𦡤 𨆒

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 639, character 24
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17934
• Dae Jaweon: page 1046, character 15
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1700, character 5
• Unihan data for U+6E96

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Chinese

trad.		準
simp.		准*
alternative forms		凖 准 淮

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (隼) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
隼	*sqʰʷinʔ
榫	*sqʰʷinʔ
准	*qʷjinʔ
準	*qʷjinʔ, *qʷjed

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʷjinʔ, *qʷjed) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 隼 (OC *sqʰʷinʔ) – “water level”.

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 準

1. ^† water-level; flat; level
2. (historical) water level (measuring instrument)
3. standard; criterion; norm

   標準／标准  ―  biāozhǔn  ―  standard, norm

   準則／准则  ―  zhǔnzé  ―  standard, norm

   基準／基准  ―  jīzhǔn  ―  norm, reference frame

4. accurate; exact

   這塊手錶很準。 [MSC, trad.]
   这块手表很准。 [MSC, simp.]

   Zhè kuài shǒubiǎo hěn zhǔn. [Pinyin]

   This watch keeps time very well.

   他的槍法真準，一個移動靶都沒有漏射。 [MSC, trad.]
   他的枪法真准，一个移动靶都没有漏射。 [MSC, simp.]

   Tā de qiāngfǎ zhēn zhǔn, yī ge yídòng bǎ dōu méi yǒu lòu shè. [Pinyin]

   He is good with a gun, he doesn't miss any moving target.

5. certainly; surely

   那準不對。／那准不对。  ―  Nà zhǔn bù duì.  ―  That is definitely wrong.

   他準是開玩笑，要不就是瘋了。 [MSC, trad.]
   他准是开玩笑，要不就是疯了。 [MSC, simp.]

   Tā zhǔn shì kāi wánxiào, yàobù jiù shì fēng le. [Pinyin]

   He must be joking or else he's mad.

6. quasi-; pene-; para-

Compounds

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji

準

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

1. conform
2. semi-, quasi-
3. correspond to
4. proportionate to
5. imitate

Readings

• Go-on: しゅん (shun)^{←しゆん (syun, historical)}、せち (sechi)^{←せち (seti, historical)}
• Kan-on: しゅん (shun)^{←しゆん (syun, historical)}、せつ (setsu)^{←せつ (setu, historical)}
• Kan’yō-on: じゅん (jun, Jōyō)^{←じゆん (zyun, historical)}
• Kun: ひとしい (hitoshii, 準)、みずもり (mizumori, みずもり)^{←みづもり (midumori, 準, historical)}、のり (nori, 準)

Compounds

Compounds

• 準(じゅん)星(せい) (junsei): quasar
• 準(じゅん)惑(わく)星(せい) (junwakusei): dwarf planet
• 準(じゅん)備(び) (junbi): preparations
• 水(すい)準(じゅん) (suijun): level
• 標(ひょう)準(じゅん) (hyōjun): standard
• 基(き)準(じゅん) (kijun): basis

Etymology

Kanji in this term
準
じゅん Grade: 5
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [d͡ʑɨ̃ɴ]

Prefix

準(じゅん) • (jun-) ^{←じゆん (zyun-)?}

1. second; sub-; quasi-

   準一級(じゅんいっきゅう)

   jun-ikkyū

   level pre-1

   準優勝(じゅんゆうしょう)

   jun-yūshō

   second place

Proper noun

準(ひとし) • (Hitoshi) 

1. a male given name

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Korean

Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 準 (MC tsywinX).

Historical readings

• Recorded as Middle Korean 쥰〯 (Yale: cyǔn) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
• Recorded as Middle Korean 凖/쥰〮 (cyún)^訓 (Yale: cyún) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
• Recorded as Middle Korean 쥰 (cyun)^訓 (Yale: cyun) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕu(ː)n]
• Phonetic hangul: [준(ː)]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Wikisource

準 (eumhun 준할 준 (junhal jun))

1. hanja form^? of 준 (“standard”)

Compounds

Compounds

• 준용 (準用, junyong)
• 평준 (平準, pyeongjun)
• 조준 (照準, jojun)
• 비준 (批准, bijun)
• 인준 (認准, injun)
• 기준 (基準, gijun, “standard”)
• 표준 (標準, pyojun, “standard”)
• 준비 (準備, junbi, “preparation”)
• 수준 (水準, sujun, “level”)

Etymology 2

From Middle Chinese 準 (MC tsywet).

Historical readings

• Recorded as Middle Korean ᄌᆑᇙ〮 (Yale: cyuyelq) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
• Recorded as Early Modern Korean 졀 (Yale: cyel) in Samun Seonghwi (三韻聲彙 / 삼운성휘), 1751.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕʌ̹ɭ]
• Phonetic hangul: [절]

Hanja

準 (eumhun 콧마루 절 (konmaru jeol))

1. (archaic) hanja form^? of 절 (“nose bridge”)

Compounds

Compounds

• 절두 (準頭, jeoldu)
• 응절 (鷹準, eungjeol)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

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Vietnamese

Han character

準: Hán Nôm readings: chuẩn, choán, chốn, chủn, trúng, trốn

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