ain

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ain"

Languages (25)

Translingual • English

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Akawaio • Alemannic German • Ao • Biem • Finnish • Low German • Gothic • Inari Sami • Ingrian • Italian • Malay • Manx • Norman • Northern Sami • Old Frisian • Old High German • Old Irish • Pohnpeian • Scots • Tetum • Tok Pisin • Votic • Yucatec Maya

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Page categories

Translingual

Etymology

Clipping of English Ainu, from Japanese アイヌ (Ainu).

Symbol

ain

1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Ainu.

See also

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Ainu terms

English

Etymology 1

Noun

ain (plural ains)

1. Alternative form of ayin (“Semitic letter”).

Etymology 2

From (Scots) Middle English aȝen.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /eːn/

Determiner

ain

1. (Scotland) Own; belonging to one.
   • 1998, Jonathan Langley, Collins Bedtime Treasury of Nursery Rhymes and Tales, Bobby Shaftoe, page 86:

     Bobby Shaftoe's bright and fair,
     Combing down his yellow hair,
     He's my ain for evermair,
     Bonny Bobby Shaftoe.

Anagrams

• ani, ANI, Ina, -ian, Ani, nia, Ian, nai, INA, Nia, NIA

Akawaio

Interjection

ain

1. oh! (an expression of regret)

   Ain! Toꞌ utɨꞌpʉ. ― Oh! Too bad! They went away.

Alemannic German

Alternative forms

• äin

Etymology

From Middle High German ein, from Old High German ain, from Proto-West Germanic *ain, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz. Cognate with German ein, Dutch een, English one, an, Swedish en.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /æin/

Numeral

ain m (feminine ai, neuter ais)

1. one

Ao

Etymology 1

From Proto-Central Naga *jVn.

Pronunciation

• (Chungli) IPA^(key): /a˧.jɯn˧/, [a˧.jin˧]

Verb

ain

1. (Chungli) to spin (textiles)

Inflection

Inflection of ain (Chungli)

		Affirmative	Negative
Past	Simple	ain	main
	Perfect	ainogo	mainogo
Present	Simple	ainer	mainer
	Progressive	aindar aindagi	maindar maindagi
Future/infinitive		aintsü	maintsü
Imperative		ainang	tain
Present participle		aina	maini
Conditional		ainra ainrabang	mainra mainrabang

Etymology 2

From Proto-Central Naga *a-ʒVn.

Pronunciation

• (Chungli) IPA^(key): /a˥.jɯn˥/, [a˥.jin˥]

Noun

ain

1. (Chungli) power

Etymology 3

From Proto-Central Naga *ʒVn.

Pronunciation

• (Chungli) IPA^(key): /a˧.jɯn˧/, [a˧.jin˧]

Verb

ain

1. (Chungli) to grow up, mature
   • 1967, “Genesis 21:20”, in Ao Naga Common Language Bible, Bible Society of India:

     Tanurji ain, aser Tsüngrem pa den ali, aser pa arem nung lia lijak amshir tetangshi ka aküm.

     The boy grew up, and God was with him; he became an archer wielding a bow while in the [desert].

Inflection

Inflection of ain (Chungli)

		Affirmative	Negative
Past	Simple	ain	main
	Perfect	inogo	meinogo
Present	Simple	ainer	mainer
	Progressive	indar indagi	meindar meindagi
Future/infinitive		aintsü	maintsü
Imperative		inang	tain
Present participle		ina	meini
Conditional		inra inrabang	meinra meinrabang

Further reading

• Bruhn, Daniel Wayne (2014), A Phonological Reconstruction of Proto-Central Naga‎^[1], Berkeley: University of California, pages 89, 233
• Gowda, K. S. Gurubasave (1985), Ao-English-Hindi Dictionary, Mysore: Central Institute of Indian Languages, page 10
• Clark, Mary M. (1893), Ao Naga grammar with illustrative phrases and vocabulary, Molung: Assam Secretariat Printing Office, page 163

Biem

Noun

ain

1. woman

Further reading

• Malcolm Ross, Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian Languages of Western Melanesia, Pacific Linguistics, series C-98 (1988)
• Stephen Adolphe Wurm, New Guinea Area Languages and Language Study (1976)

Finnish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɑi̯n/, [ˈɑ̝i̯n]
• Rhymes: -ɑin
• Syllabification^(key): ain
• Hyphenation^(key): ain

Etymology 1

Apocope

Adverb

ain (poetic)

1. alternative form of aina
   • 1968, “Käymme yhdessä ain”, in Pertti Reponen (lyrics), Wolfgang Roloff (music), Tapani Kansa, performed by Tapani Kansa, Finnish cover of Dunja, du:

     Käymme yhdessä ain
     Käymme aina rinnakkain
     Vaikka esteitä on
     Joskus tiellä kohtalon

     We will always stay together
     We will always stay side by side
     Even if at times there are
     obstacles on the road of fate

Etymology 2

Noun

ain

1. instructive plural of aa

Anagrams

• ani, nai

Low German

Article

ain m or f (neuter air)

1. (Brazilian Pomeranian) alternative form of en (“a, an”)

   Wen duu ain aidits kaput mökst den giwt dröig tijd. (East Pomeranian in Brazil)

   If you kill a gecko, there will be drought.

Numeral

ain m or f (neuter air)

1. (Brazilian Pomeranian) alternative form of en (“one”)

   Sai hät blous ain kau. (East Pomeranian in Brazil)

   She has only one cow.

See also

• acht (“eight (8); eighth (8th)”)
• airst (“first (1st)”) (East Pomeranian in Brazil)

Further reading

• Gertjan Postma, A Contrastive Grammar of Brazilian Pomeranian (Linguistik Aktuell / Linguistics Today, vol. 248), 2019, p. 76 [about the indefinite article, giving the nominative as masc. air, fem. ain, neut. air, compare with SHG masc./neut. ein, fem. eine with one form for masc. and neut. and another form for fem.] & 97 [about the cardinal, giving it as "1. ain(d)"]
• Ismael Tressmann, Dicionário Enciclopédico Pomerano-Português. Pomerisch-Portugijsisch Wöirbauk, 2006, p. 11 s.v. ain & air

Gothic

Romanization

ain

1. romanization of 𐌰𐌹𐌽

Inari Sami

Etymology

Borrowed from Finnish aina, from Proto-Finnic *aina. Compare Northern Sami ain.

Adverb

ain

1. always
2. still

Further reading

• Eino Koponen, Klaas Ruppel, Kirsti Aapala, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages‎^[2], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland

Ingrian

Alternative forms

• aina, aine

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *aina. Cognates with Estonian aina and Finnish aina.

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈɑi̯n/, [ˈɑi̯n]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈɑi̯n/, [ˈɑi̯n]
• (Hevaha) IPA^(key): /ˈɑi̯n/, [ˈɑi̯n]
• Rhymes: -ɑi̯n
• Hyphenation: ain
• Homophone: aine

Adverb

ain

1. always, on and on
   • 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 32:

     Koika puhtanna ain piä.

     Always keep your bed tidy.

   • 1936, V. I. Junus, Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎^[3], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 14:

     Geminatan möö ain kirjutamma kahel bukvaal.

     We always write geminates as two letters.

Synonyms

• ikkää

Derived terms

• ainaki

References

• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971), Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 6
• Arvo Laanest (1997), Isuri keele Hevaha murde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut, page 17
• Olga I. Konkova; Nikita A. Dyachkov (2014), Inkeroin Keel: Пособие по Ижорскому Языку‎^[4], →ISBN, page 38

Italian

Alternative forms

• ayin, ayn

Etymology

Romanization of Arabic عَيْن (ʕayn), from Proto-Semitic *ʿayn- (“eye”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈajn/
• Rhymes: -ajn
• Hyphenation: àin

Noun

ain m or f (invariable)

1. ayin
   1. the name of the Arabic-script letter ع
   2. the name of the Hebrew-script letter ע
   3. the name of the Phoenician-script letter 𐤏
   4. the name of the Syriac-script letter ܥ

Further reading

• ain in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Anagrams

• -ina, ani

Malay

ain

Etymology

From Arabic عَيْن (ʕayn), from Proto-Semitic *ʿayn-, from Proto-Afroasiatic *ʿayVn-.

Pronunciation

• (Johor-Selangor) IPA^(key): /aen/
• (Riau-Lingga) IPA^(key): /aɪn/
• Rhymes: -aen, -en

Noun

ain (Jawi spelling عين, plural ain-ain or ain²)

1. (anatomy) eye (organ)

Synonyms

• (organ): mata / مات

Manx

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ain/

Pronoun

ain (emphatic form ainyn)

1. first-person plural of ec

   at us

2. (idiomatic) our

Norman

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

ain m (plural ains)

1. (Jersey) fishhook

Synonyms

• cro

Northern Sami

Etymology

Borrowed from Finnish aina, from Proto-Finnic *aina. Compare Inari Sami ain.

Pronunciation

• (Kautokeino) IPA^(key): /ˈajn/

Adverb

ain

1. still
2. even
3. yet

Further reading

• Eino Koponen, Klaas Ruppel, Kirsti Aapala, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages‎^[5], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland

Old Frisian

Alternative forms

• ēin

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *aigan. Cognates include Old English āgan and Old Saxon ēgan.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈaːi̯n/

Adjective

āin

1. own

Descendants

• Saterland Frisian: oain

References

• Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009), An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN

Old High German

Numeral

ain

1. (Alemannic) alternative form of ein

Old Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈanʲ/

Verb

·ain

1. third-person singular future/present subjunctive conjunct of aingid

Related terms

• anais (absolute)

Verb

ain

1. second-person singular imperative of aingid

Mutation

Mutation of ain

radical	lenition	nasalization
ain (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)	ain	n-ain

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Pohnpeian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɐjin/

Etymology 1

Borrowed from English iron, from Middle English iren, a rhotacism of Old English īsern, īsærn, īren, īsen, from Proto-Germanic *īsarną, from Gaulish īsarno-, from Proto-Celtic *īsarno-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ēsh₂r̥no- (“bloody, red”), from *h₁ésh₂r̥ (“blood”).

Noun

ain

1. flatiron, clothes iron

Verb

ain

1. (intransitive) (neutral) to iron

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English irons.

Noun

ain

1. handcuffs, shackles, irons

   Polis kin doadoahngki ain.

   Policemen use handcuffs.

Scots

Alternative forms

• ayn
• awn, awin (obsolete)

Etymology

From Middle English aȝen, from Old English āgen, ǣġen (“one's own”), or possibly from Old Norse eiginn (“own”), from Proto-Germanic *aiganaz (“own”). More at own.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /eːn/

Determiner

ain

1. Belonging to, or on behalf of, a specified person (especially oneself); own.

   Ma ain dear sister ― My own dear sister

   • c. 1915, Blanche Fisher Wright, The Real Mother Goose Nursery Rhyme Illustration:

     Clap, clap handies
     Mammie's wee, wee ain.

     Clap, clap hands
     Mommy's wee, wee own.

Synonyms

• nain (Shetland)

References

• “ain, adj., n.”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC.

Tetum

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qaqay, compare Nias ahe and Malay kaki.

Noun

ain

1. leg

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English iron.

Noun

ain

1. iron; steel

Votic

Alternative forms

• ainõ

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *aina.

Pronunciation

• (Luutsa, Liivtšülä) IPA^(key): /ˈɑi̯n/, [ˈɑi̯n]
• (Jõgõperä) IPA^(key): /ˈɑi̯n/, [ˈɑi̯n]
• Rhymes: -ɑi̯n
• Hyphenation: ain

Adverb

ain

1. always
2. incessantly
3. still, anyway, nevertheless

   Synonyms: taki, aintaki

Derived terms

• aintaki

References

• Hallap, V.; Adler, E.; Grünberg, S.; Leppik, M. (2012), “aina”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn

Yucatec Maya

Noun

ain

1. obsolete spelling of áayin