testa
Contents
English[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Noun[edit]
testa (plural testas or testae or testæ)
- (botany) A seed coat.
- The testa develops from the tissue, the integument, originally surrounding the ovule.
- 1840, James Scott Bowerbank, A History of the Fossil Fruits and Seeds of the London Clay, page 30,
- The seeds are furnished with a reticulated testa, very much in appearance like that of the seeds of two closely-allied pericarps in the cabinet of my friend Mr. Ward, of Wellclose-square, the names of which I have been unable to obtain, but which present strong evidence of belonging to the Malvaceæ.
- 1969, C. W. Bennett, Seed Transmission of Plant Viruses, Alison Smith, Advances in Virus Research, Volume 14, page 224,
- In tests with the Lincoln and Virginia varieties of cowpea, Crowley (1959) found that, in plants infected with bean southern mosaic virus before blossoming, the virus was present in nearly 100% of the testae and endosperms of seeds of both varieties, but could not be detected in the embryos.
- 1977, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Australian Journal of Plant Physiology, page 354,
- Thus, two conditions must be satisfied for the testas to have this effect: contact between the testas and the radicle, and the presence of at least half of the testas.
- 2005, D. W. Dickson, D. De Waele, Nematode Parasites of Peanut, Michel Luc, Richard A. Sikora, John Bridge, Plant Parasitic Nematodes in Subtropical and Tropical Agriculture, page 419,
- A.[Aphelenchoides] arachidis is a parasite of pods, testae, roots and hypocotyls, but not the cotyledons, embryos or other parts of the plant (Bos, 1977a; Bridge et al., 1977).
- 2007, J. Smartt, Evolution of American Phaseolus beans under domestication, Peter John Ucko, G. W. Dimbleby (editors), The Domestication and Exploitation of Plants and Animals, page 458,
- One of the most remarkable features of cultivated beans is the enormous range of testa colours and patterns which can be found.
- (marine biology) The external calciferous shell, or endoskeleton, of an echinoderm; the test.
Anagrams[edit]
French[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
testa
- third-person singular past historic of tester
Anagrams[edit]
Galician[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Old Galician and Old Portuguese testa (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin testa (“earthen pot”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
testa f (plural testas)
- forehead
- 1390, José Luís Pensado Tomé (ed.), Os Miragres de Santiago. Versión gallega del Códice latino del siglo XII atribuido al papa Calisto I. Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 133:
- Et avia ẽno rrostro hũu palmo et meo en longo et ẽna barua hũu palmo, et ẽno nariz hũu meo palmo; et ẽna testa hũu palmo et pouquo mais
- He had a palmspan and a half in his face, and in the beard a palmspan, and half one in the nose; and in the front he had one palmspan and a little more
- Et avia ẽno rrostro hũu palmo et meo en longo et ẽna barua hũu palmo, et ẽno nariz hũu meo palmo; et ẽna testa hũu palmo et pouquo mais
- 1434, A. López Carreira (ed.), Libro de Notas de Álvaro Afonso, doc. 90:
- os quaes roçiins era huun delles ven preto con hun signal enna testa et ho outro ben çerbyño con huna mancha enna testa
- one of that horses was really dark, with a signal in his forehead, and the other was tawny with a spot in his forehead
- os quaes roçiins era huun delles ven preto con hun signal enna testa et ho outro ben çerbyño con huna mancha enna testa
- Synonym: fronte
- 1390, José Luís Pensado Tomé (ed.), Os Miragres de Santiago. Versión gallega del Códice latino del siglo XII atribuido al papa Calisto I. Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 133:
- (figuratively) the whole head of a person
- 1697, several authors, Fiestas Minervales. Santiago: Antonio Frayz, page 34:
- Dubido do que farei / Para saír desta enfeita / Maxino roer as uñas / E bourar mui ben na testa
- I'm dubious on what to do / To exit of this preparation / I imagine gnawing my nails / And ably beating my head
- Dubido do que farei / Para saír desta enfeita / Maxino roer as uñas / E bourar mui ben na testa
- 1697, several authors, Fiestas Minervales. Santiago: Antonio Frayz, page 34:
- limit of a property
- Synonyms: derrego, estremeiro, límite, lindeiro
- fore
- Synonym: fronte
- lid
- Synonym: tello
Derived terms[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
testa f sg
References[edit]
- “testa” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006-2012.
- “testa” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006-2016.
- “testa” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006-2013.
- “testa” in Santamarina, Antón (dir.), Ernesto González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja: Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (v 4.0). Santiago: ILG.
- “testa” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Italian[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
- IPA(key): /ˈtɛs.ta/, [ˈt̪ɛs̪t̪ä]
Audio (file) Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ɛsta
- Stress: tèsta
- Hyphenation: te‧sta
Etymology 1[edit]
Noun[edit]
testa f (plural teste)
- head, obverse
- (anatomy) head (of a bone)
- (rail transport, only singular, uncountable) head (of a train), the first car(s)
- Antonym: coda
- La prima classe è in testa al treno ― The first class is at the head of the train
Synonyms[edit]
- (part of the body): capo
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
See the etymology of the main entry.
Verb[edit]
testa
Anagrams[edit]
Latin[edit]
Etymology[edit]
- Perhaps as if tosta, from torreō (“to burn, parch”).[1]
- Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *tₔtḱ-t-, from *tetḱ- (“to create, produce”) (whence Latin texō (“to weave”)). Thus cognate with Middle Persian tšt' (tašt).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
testa f (genitive testae); first declension
- a piece of burned clay, brick, tile
- (transferred sense) a piece of baked earthenware
- a sort of clapping with the flat of the hands (as if with two tiles), in token of applause, invented by Nero
Inflection[edit]
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | testa | testae |
Genitive | testae | testārum |
Dative | testae | testīs |
Accusative | testam | testās |
Ablative | testā | testīs |
Vocative | testa | testae |
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
- Eastern Romance:
- Romanian: țeastă
- Istriot: tiesta
- Italian: testa
- Ligurian: tésta
- Old French: teste
- Old Leonese: [Term?]
- Old Occitan: [Term?]
- Old Portuguese: testa
- Old Spanish: [Term?]
- Spanish: tiesta
- Rhaeto-Romance:
- Sicilian: testa
- Venetian: testa
References[edit]
- testa in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- testa in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- testa in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
- testa in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
- testa in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- testa in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700[1], pre-publication website, 2005-2016
- testa in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
- ^ testa in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Latvian[edit]
Noun[edit]
testa m
- genitive singular form of tests
Norwegian Bokmål[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Verb[edit]
testa
Old Occitan[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Noun[edit]
testa f (oblique plural testas, nominative singular testa, nominative plural testas)
Descendants[edit]
Portuguese[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Old Portuguese testa, from Latin testa.
Noun[edit]
testa f (plural testas)
- forehead (part of the face above the eyebrows and below the hairline)
Derived terms[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
Verb[edit]
testa
- third-person singular (ele and ela, also used with você and others) present indicative of testar
- second-person singular (tu, sometimes used with você) affirmative imperative of testar
Romanian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
a testa (third-person singular present testează, past participle testat) 1st conj.
- (transitive) to test; to try
- Synonym: încerca
Conjugation[edit]
infinitive | a testa | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | testând | ||||||
past participle | testat | ||||||
number | singular | plural | |||||
person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |
indicative | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
present | testez | testezi | testează | testăm | testați | testează | |
imperfect | testam | testai | testa | testam | testați | testau | |
simple perfect | testai | testași | testă | testarăm | testarăți | testară | |
pluperfect | testasem | testaseși | testase | testaserăm | testaserăți | testaseră | |
subjunctive | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
present | să testez | să testezi | să testeze | să testăm | să testați | să testeze | |
imperative | — | tu | — | — | voi | — | |
affirmative | testează | testați | |||||
negative | nu testa | nu testați |
References[edit]
- testa in DEX online - Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)
Romansch[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Noun[edit]
testa f (plural testas)
Usage notes[edit]
In Rumantsch Grischun, the literary standard language, testa is used in the figurative sense, and chau in the anatomical sense. Usage differs somewhat, however, between dialects.
Synonyms[edit]
- (Rumantsch Grischun) chau
- (Sursilvan) tgau
- (Sutsilvan) tgieu
- (Surmiran) tgea
- (Puter) cho
- (Vallader) cheu
Sicilian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
testa f (plural testi)
Spanish[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Borrowed from Italian testa, from Latin testa. Compare the inherited Old Spanish tiesta.
Noun[edit]
testa f (plural testas)
Etymology 2[edit]
Inflected form of testar.
Verb[edit]
testa
- Informal second-person singular (tú) affirmative imperative form of testar.
- Formal second-person singular (usted) present indicative form of testar.
- Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted?) present indicative form of testar.
Derived terms[edit]
Swedish[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
audio (file)
Verb[edit]
testa (present testar, preterite testade, supine testat, imperative testa)
Conjugation[edit]
- English terms borrowed from Latin
- English terms derived from Latin
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English nouns with irregular plurals
- en:Botany
- en:Marine biology
- French 2-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French non-lemma forms
- French verb forms
- Galician terms inherited from Old Portuguese
- Galician terms derived from Old Portuguese
- Galician terms inherited from Latin
- Galician terms derived from Latin
- Galician terms with IPA pronunciation
- Galician lemmas
- Galician nouns
- Galician non-lemma forms
- Galician adjective forms
- Italian 2-syllable words
- Italian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Italian terms with audio links
- Italian terms inherited from Latin
- Italian terms derived from Latin
- Italian lemmas
- Italian nouns
- Italian countable nouns
- it:Skeleton
- it:Rail transportation
- Italian uncountable nouns
- Italian terms with usage examples
- Italian non-lemma forms
- Italian verb forms
- it:Anatomy
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin 2-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin nouns
- Latin feminine nouns
- Latin first declension nouns
- Latin feminine nouns in the first declension
- Latin terms with transferred senses
- Reference templates lacking the date or year parameters
- Latvian non-lemma forms
- Latvian noun forms
- Latvian noun forms (genitive)
- Norwegian Bokmål non-lemma forms
- Norwegian Bokmål verb forms
- Old Occitan terms inherited from Latin
- Old Occitan terms derived from Latin
- Old Occitan lemmas
- Old Occitan nouns
- Old Occitan feminine nouns
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Portuguese 2-syllable words
- Portuguese terms inherited from Old Portuguese
- Portuguese terms derived from Old Portuguese
- Portuguese terms inherited from Latin
- Portuguese terms derived from Latin
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese nouns
- Portuguese non-lemma forms
- Portuguese verb forms
- pt:Face
- Romanian terms borrowed from French
- Romanian terms derived from French
- Romanian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Romanian lemmas
- Romanian verbs
- Romanian verbs in 1st conjugation
- Romanian transitive verbs
- Romansch terms inherited from Latin
- Romansch terms derived from Latin
- Romansch lemmas
- Romansch nouns
- Sursilvan Romansch
- Surmiran Romansch
- Puter Romansch
- Vallader Romansch
- Sicilian terms inherited from Latin
- Sicilian terms derived from Latin
- Sicilian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sicilian lemmas
- Sicilian nouns
- scn:Anatomy
- Spanish terms borrowed from Italian
- Spanish terms derived from Italian
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish nouns
- Spanish non-lemma forms
- Spanish verb forms
- Spanish forms of verbs ending in -ar
- Swedish terms with audio links
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish verbs
- Swedish weak verbs