眠

See also: 眼

眠 U+7720, 眠 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7720 ← 真 [U+771F] CJK Unified Ideographs 眡 → [U+7721]

Translingual

Han character

眠 (Kangxi radical 109, 目+5, 10 strokes, cangjie input 月山口女心 (BURVP), four-corner 6704₇, composition ⿰目民)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 805, character 4
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23240
• Dae Jaweon: page 1221, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2483, character 3
• Unihan data for U+7720

Chinese

simp. and trad.		眠
alternative forms		瞑 𥉦

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (民) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
眠	*miːn
民	*min
泯	*min, *minʔ
怋	*min, *mɯːn
岷	*mrin
珉	*mrin
罠	*mrin
笢	*mrin, *minʔ
鈱	*mrin
抿	*mrɯn, *mrɯn, *mrɯnʔ
刡	*minʔ
敃	*mrinʔ
愍	*mrinʔ
暋	*mrinʔ
蟁	*mɯn

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *miːn): semantic 目 (“eye”) + phonetic 民 (OC *min) – close your eyes and go to sleep.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): mián (mian²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄧㄢˊ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): min⁴

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): men³

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): mìn

  (Meixian, Guangdong): min²

• Min Bei (KCR): mêng
• Min Dong (BUC): mìng / mièng
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): bîn / biân

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ming⁵ / mêng⁵ / mung⁵

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Shanghainese): ⁶mi

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: mián
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: mián
    • Wade–Giles: mien²
    • Yale: myán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mian
    • Palladius: мянь (mjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mi̯ɛn³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: min⁴
    • Yale: mìhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: min⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: min⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /miːn²¹/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: men³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ᵐben²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mìn
    • Hakka Romanization System: minˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: min²
    • Sinological IPA: /min¹¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: min²
    • Sinological IPA: /min¹¹/
• Min Bei
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: mêng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /meiŋ³³/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: mìng / mièng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /miŋ⁵³/, /mieŋ⁵³/

Note:

• mìng - vernacular;
• mièng - literary.

Min Nan

• (Hokkien)
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bîn / biân
  • Tâi-lô: bîn / biân
  • Phofsit Daibuun: biin, bieen
  • IPA (Xiamen): /bin²⁴/, /biɛn²⁴/
  • IPA (Quanzhou): /bin²⁴/, /biɛn²⁴/
  • IPA (Zhangzhou): /bin¹³/, /biɛn¹³/
  • IPA (Taipei): /bin²⁴/, /biɛn²⁴/
  • IPA (Kaohsiung): /bin²³/, /biɛn²³/

Note:

• bîn - vernacular;
• biân - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: ming⁵ / mêng⁵ / mung⁵
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: mîng / mêng / mûng
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /miŋ⁵⁵/, /meŋ⁵⁵/, /muŋ⁵⁵/

Note:

• ming5 - literary (Chaozhou);
• mêng5 - literary (Jieyang);
• mung5 - vernacular.

Wu

• (Shanghainese)
  • Wugniu: ⁶mi
  • Wiktionary Romanisation: ³mi
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mi²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: men

Rime
Character	眠
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	先 (85)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	莫賢切
Baxter	men
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/men/
Pan Wuyun	/men/
Shao Rongfen	/mɛn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/mɛn/
Li Rong	/men/
Wang Li	/mien/
Bernard Karlgren	/mien/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mián
Expected Cantonese Reflex	min4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*mˤi[n]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*miːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	眠
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	mián
Middle Chinese	‹ men ›
Old Chinese	/*mˁi[n]/
English	shut the eyes; sleep
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	眠
Reading #	1/1
No.	9129
Phonetic component	民
Rime group	眞
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	眠
Old Chinese	/*miːn/

Definitions

眠

1. to sleep
2. to hibernate
3. (archaic) to feign death
4. (archaic) to lie down

Compounds

• 一夜無眠／一夜无眠
• 三眠
• 不眠不休 (bùmiánbùxiū)
• 人工冬眠
• 休眠 (xiūmián)
• 休眠期
• 休眠火山 (xiūmián huǒshān)
• 停眠整宿
• 催眠 (cuīmián)
• 催眠劑／催眠剂 (cuīmiánjì)
• 催眠曲 (cuīmiánqǔ)
• 催眠術／催眠术 (cuīmiánshù)
• 冬眠 (dōngmián)
• 初眠
• 夏眠 (xiàmián)
• 失眠 (shīmián)
• 孤眠
• 孤眠獨宿／孤眠独宿
• 安眠 (ānmián)
• 安眠藥／安眠药 (ānmiányào)
• 成眠 (chéngmián)
• 我醉欲眠
• 抱虎而眠
• 抵足而眠
• 永眠 (yǒngmián)
• 沉眠
• 牛眠地
• 眠川
• 眠床 (miánchuáng)
• 眠思夢想／眠思梦想
• 眠琴綠陰／眠琴绿阴
• 眩眠
• 眠花宿柳
• 眠花臥柳／眠花卧柳
• 眠花醉柳
• 眠輿／眠舆
• 眠雲／眠云
• 眠霜臥雪／眠霜卧雪
• 眠鷗宿鷺／眠鸥宿鹭
• 睏眠／困眠
• 睡眠 (shuìmián)
• 睡眠療法／睡眠疗法
• 立盹行眠
• 臥月眠霜／卧月眠霜
• 臥雪眠霜／卧雪眠霜
• 蠶眠／蚕眠 (cánmián)
• 行眠立盹
• 貓鼠同眠／猫鼠同眠
• 長眠／长眠 (chángmián)
• 陷眠 (hām-bîn) (Min Nan)
• 高枕而眠

 

References

• “眠”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

眠

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. sleep

Readings

• Go-on: めん (men)
• Kan-on: べん (ben)
• Kan’yō-on: みん (min, Jōyō)
• Kun: ねむい (nemui, 眠い, Jōyō); ねむる (nemuru, 眠る, Jōyō); ねむり (nemuri)

Derived terms

• 眠(ねむ)い (nemui)
• 居(い)眠(ねむ)り (inemuri)
• 睡(すい)眠(みん) (suimin)

Kanji in this term
眠
みん Grade: S
kan’yōon

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) み​ん [míꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [mʲĩɴ]

Noun

眠(みん) • (min) 

1. rest (of a silkworm before moulting)

Synonyms

• (of a silkworm): 休(やす)み (yasumi)

Korean

Hanja

眠 (eumhun 잠잘 면 (jamjal myeon))

1. Hanja form^? of 면 (“close eyes, sleep”).
2. Hanja form^? of 면 (“hibernate”).

Vietnamese

Han character

眠: Hán Nôm readings: miên

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.