翁
Translingual
Han character
翁 (Kangxi radical 124, 羽+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 金戈尸一 (CISM), four-corner 80127, composition ⿱公羽)
- King
- old man
- father, father-in-law
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 955, character 21
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28635
- Dae Jaweon: page 1401, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3343, character 10
- Unihan data for U+7FC1
Chinese
| trad. | 翁 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 翁 | |
Glyph origin
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 慃 | *qroːŋʔ |
| 袞 | *kluːnʔ |
| 蔉 | *kluːnʔ |
| 滾 | *kluːnʔ |
| 忩 | *sʰloːŋ |
| 鬆 | *sqʰloːŋs, *sqʰluːŋ, *skʰloŋ, *sqʰloŋ |
| 凇 | *sqʰloːŋs, *sqʰloŋ, *sɢloŋ |
| 公 | *kloːŋ |
| 蚣 | *kloːŋ, *kljoŋ |
| 翁 | *qloːŋ |
| 螉 | *qloːŋ |
| 蓊 | *qloːŋ, *qloːŋʔ |
| 嗡 | *qloːŋ |
| 滃 | *qloːŋʔ |
| 暡 | *qloːŋʔ |
| 勜 | *qloːŋʔ |
| 塕 | *qloːŋʔ |
| 瓮 | *qloːŋs |
| 崧 | *sqʰluŋ |
| 菘 | *sqʰluŋ |
| 硹 | *sqʰluŋ |
| 淞 | *sqʰloŋ, *sɢloŋ |
| 蜙 | *sqʰloŋ |
| 倯 | *sqʰloŋ |
| 松 | *sɢloŋ |
| 訟 | *sɢloŋ, *sɢloŋs |
| 頌 | *sɢloŋs, *loŋ |
| 忪 | *kljoŋ |
| 彸 | *kljoŋ |
| 衳 | *kljoŋ |
| 伀 | *kljoŋ |
| 妐 | *kljoŋ |
| 炂 | *kljoŋ |
| 鈆 | *kljoŋ, *lon |
Etymology
Possibly Sino-Tibetan. Compare Mizo ung (“to be old, elderly, aged; to be venerable, antique, ancient; to be of long standing, to be an old inhabitant, to be an old stager (v.; adj.)”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Baxter & Sagart (2017) included *翁 (OC *qˤoŋ) "old man" in the same word-family as *公 (OC *C.qˤoŋ) "father, prince" and 妐 (OC *t-qoŋ) "husband's father".
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ong1
- Cantonese (Jyutping): jung1
- Hakka
- Northern Min (KCR): é̤ng / ó̤ng
- Eastern Min (BUC): ŭng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1on
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄨㄥ
- Tongyong Pinyin: wong
- Wade–Giles: wêng1
- Yale: wēng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ueng
- Palladius: вэн (vɛn)
- Sinological IPA (key): /wəŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄨㄥˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: wǒng
- Wade–Giles: wêng3
- Yale: wěng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: woeng
- Palladius: вэн (vɛn)
- Sinological IPA (key): /wəŋ²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: ong1
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: weng
- Sinological IPA (key): /oŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: jung1
- Yale: yūng
- Cantonese Pinyin: jung1
- Guangdong Romanization: yung1
- Sinological IPA (key): /jʊŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vûng
- Hakka Romanization System: vung´
- Hagfa Pinyim: vung1
- Sinological IPA: /vuŋ²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: é̤ng / ó̤ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /œyŋ⁵⁴/, /ɔŋ⁵⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ŭng
- Sinological IPA (key): /uŋ⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Note:
- ang - vernacular;
- ong - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: ang1 / ong1 / êng1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ang / ong / eng
- Sinological IPA (key): /aŋ³³/, /oŋ³³/, /eŋ³³/
Note:
- ang1 - vernacular;
- ong1 - literary;
- êng1 - vernacular (surname).
- Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | 翁 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /uəŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Harbin | /uəŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Tianjin | /vəŋ²¹/ | |
| Jinan | /vəŋ²¹³/ | |
| Qingdao | /ɣəŋ²¹³/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /uəŋ²⁴/ | |
| Xi'an | /uŋ²¹/ | |
| Xining | /uə̃⁴⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /vəŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Lanzhou | /və̃n³¹/ /kũn³¹/ | |
| Ürümqi | /vɤŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Wuhan | /oŋ⁵⁵/ | |
| Chengdu | /oŋ⁵⁵/ | |
| Guiyang | /oŋ⁵⁵/ | |
| Kunming | /oŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Nanjing | /oŋ³¹/ | |
| Hefei | /əŋ⁵³/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /vəŋ¹¹/ |
| Pingyao | /uŋ¹³/ | |
| Hohhot | /və̃ŋ³¹/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /oŋ⁵³/ |
| Suzhou | /oŋ⁵⁵/ | |
| Hangzhou | /ʔoŋ³³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /oŋ³³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /uʌ̃³¹/ |
| Tunxi | /an¹¹/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ŋoŋ³³/ |
| Xiangtan | /uən³³/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /uŋ⁴²/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /vuŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Taoyuan | /vuŋ²⁴/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /joŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Nanning | /juŋ⁵⁵/ | |
| Hong Kong | /juŋ⁵⁵/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /ɔŋ⁵⁵/ /aŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /uŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /ɔŋ⁵⁴/ | |
| Shantou (Teochew) | /oŋ³³/ /eŋ³³/ | |
| Haikou (Hainanese) | /oŋ²³/ /aŋ²³/ |
- Middle Chinese: 'uwng
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*qˤoŋ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*qloːŋ/
Definitions
- elderly man
- father
- father of one's husband or wife
- (Southern Min) husband
- 翁仔某 [Hokkien] ― ang-á-bó͘ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― husband and wife
- † the feathers of a bird's neck
- a surname
Synonyms
Compounds
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Further reading
- “Entry #6508”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.
Japanese
Kanji
翁
- King
- old man
- venerable gentleman
Readings
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 翁 |
| おう Grade: S |
| kan'on |
From Middle Chinese 翁 (MC 'uwng).
The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.
Pronunciation
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Affix
Noun
Suffix
Pronoun
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 翁 |
| おきな Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
| For pronunciation and definitions of 翁 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
| (This term, 翁, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
References
Korean
Hanja
翁 • (ong) (hangeul 옹, revised ong, McCune–Reischauer ong, Yale ong)
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Vietnamese
Han character
(deprecated template usage) 翁 (ông)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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