中心

See also: 忠

Chinese

		middle; centre; within middle; centre; within; among; in; while (doing something); during; China; Chinese; hit (the mark)	heart; mind
simp. and trad. (中心)		中	心
anagram		心中

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhōngxīn

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄥㄒㄧㄣ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zung¹ sam¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chûng-sîm
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): tiong-sim

(Teochew, Peng'im): dong¹ sim¹
Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ¹tson-shin₁ / ¹tson-sin₁

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhōngxīn
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄥㄒㄧㄣ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhongsin
  - Wade–Giles: chung¹-hsin¹
  - Yale: jūng-syīn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jongshin
  - Palladius: чжунсинь (čžunsinʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ɕin⁵⁵/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    中心
    忠心
    衷心
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: zung¹ sam¹
  - Yale: jūng sām
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzung¹ sam¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: zung¹ sem¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ sɐm⁵⁵/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    中心
    忠心
    衷心
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chûng-sîm
  - Hakka Romanization System: zung^ˊ xim^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zung¹ xim¹
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡suŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ sim²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiong-sim
  - Tâi-lô: tiong-sim
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diongsym
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² sim⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɔŋ³³ sim³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² sim⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sim⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sim⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: dong¹ sim¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tong sim
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /toŋ³³⁻²³ sim³³/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ¹tson-shin₁
  - MiniDict: tson^平 shin^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹tson-xin₁
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡soŋ⁵⁵ ɕin²¹/
- (Northern: Suzhou)
  - Wugniu: ¹tson-sin₁
  - MiniDict: tson^平 sin^平
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /t͡soŋ⁴⁴ sin/

Middle Chinese: trjuwng sim

Rime
Character	中	心
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	知 (9)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	東 (2)	侵 (139)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	陟弓切	息林切
Baxter	trjuwng	sim
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈɨuŋ/	/siɪm/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈiuŋ/	/sim/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶiuŋ/	/sjem/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈuwŋ/	/sim/
Li Rong	/ȶiuŋ/	/siəm/
Wang Li	/ȶĭuŋ/	/sĭĕm/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȶi̯uŋ/	/si̯əm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhōng	xīn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zung¹	sam¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*truŋ səm/

(Zhengzhang): /*tuŋ slɯm/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	中	心
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhōng	xīn
Middle Chinese	‹ trjuwng ›	‹ sim ›
Old Chinese	/*truŋ/	/*səm/
English	center	heart
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	中	心
Reading #	1/2	1/1
No.	17407	13801
Phonetic component	中	心
Rime group	終	侵
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	中	心
Old Chinese	/*tuŋ/	/*slɯm/

Noun

中心

centre (point in the interior of a circle or sphere)
centre (main part of a thing); core
centre (place where some function or activity occurs)
托兒中心／托儿中心 ― tuō'ér zhōngxīn ― childcare centre

培訓中心／培训中心 ― péixùn zhōngxīn ― training centre

社區衛生服務中心 [MSC, trad.]
社区卫生服务中心 [MSC, simp.]
shèqū wèishēng fúwù zhōngxīn [Pinyin]
community healthcare center

Synonyms

(centre: point in the interior of a circle or sphere): 當心／当心 (dāngxīn), 當中／当中 (dāngzhōng), 核心 (héxīn), 中央 (zhōngyāng)
(centre: place where some function or activity occurs): 基點／基点 (jīdiǎn)

Proper noun

中心

(～區) a former name of Siming District (思明區) in Xiamen, Fujian, China during the late 1940s
(～村) Zhongxin (a village in Wudian, Guangshui, Suizhou, Hubei, China)

Adverb

中心

(Classical) in the heart; with all one's heart; from the bottom of one's heart
- 謔浪笑敖，中心是悼。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
  谑浪笑敖，中心是悼。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Xuè làng xiào ào, zhōngxīn shì dào. [Pinyin]
  With scornful words and dissolute, — the smile of pride.
  To the centre of my heart I am grieved.
- 其母死，哭泣無涕，中心不戚。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  其母死，哭泣无涕，中心不戚。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Zhuangzi, circa 3^rd – 2^nd centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Qí mǔ sǐ, kūqì wú tì, zhōngxīn bù qī. [Pinyin]
  When his mother died, in all his wailing for her he did not shed a tear, and in the core of his heart he felt no distress.
- 中心憯怛，愛人之仁也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  中心憯怛，爱人之仁也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Book of Rites, c. 4^th – 2^nd century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Zhōngxīn cǎn dá, ài rén zhī rén yě. [Pinyin]
  Where there is a deep and compassionate sympathy in the heart, we have humanity evidenced in the love of others.

Derived terms

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (中心):

→ Japanese: 中(ちゅう)心(しん) (chūshin)
→ Korean: 중심(中心) (jungsim)
→ Vietnamese: trung tâm (中心)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
中	心
ちゅう Grade: 1	しん Grade: 2
on'yomi

Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese compound 中心 (MC trjuwng sim, literally “heart in the middle”). Compare modern Hakka reading chûng-sîm.

From 中 (chū, “center”) + 心 (shin, “core”).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ちゅうしん [chùúshíń] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]^[3]
IPA^(key): [t͡ɕɨːɕĩɴ]

Noun

中(ちゅう)心(しん) • (chūshin) ^{←ちゆうしん (tyuusin)^?}

center, middle, heart, core (physical center)
- 1931, 宮本百合子, ワルシャワのメーデー:
  広場(ひろば)の中心(ちゅうしん)へ行(い)くと、やっと、行列(ぎょうれつ)らしいものがあった。
  Hiroba no chūshin e iku to, yatto, gyōretsu-rashī mono ga atta.
  She went to the middle of the plaza and finally found a sort of queue.
center, hub (most important area of activity)
- 1908, 夏目漱石, 坑夫:
  事(こと)の起(おこ)りを調(しら)べて見(み)ると、中心(ちゅうしん)には一人(ひとり)の少女(しょうじょ)がいる。
  Koto no okori o shirabete miru to, chūshin ni wa hitori no shōjo ga iru.
  If you investigate its origins, you'll find one girl at the center of it all.
crux, main point
- 1921, 豊島与志雄, 反抗:
  今後(こんご)の生活(せいかつ)が問題(もんだい)の中心(ちゅうしん)だった。
  Kongo no seikatsu ga mondai no chūshin datta.
  The main issue was how we would live from then on.

Derived terms

中心人物(ちゅうしんじんぶつ) (chūshin jinbutsu): leader
中心地(ちゅうしんち) (chūshinchi): center, metropolis
中心思想(ちゅうしんしそう) (chūshin shisō): central idea
中心点(ちゅうしんてん) (chūshinten): center
中心的(ちゅうしんてき) (chūshinteki): central, mainline
中心的役割(ちゅうしんてきやくわり) (chūshinteki yakuwari): central role
中心窩(ちゅうしんか) (chūshinka): fovea centralis
中心街(ちゅうしんがい) (chūshingai): town center
中心角(ちゅうしんかく) (chūshinkaku): central angle
中心部(ちゅうしんぶ) (chūshinbu): central part
中心静脈(ちゅうしんじょうみゃく) (chūshin jōmyaku): central vein
自己中心(じこちゅうしん) (jiko chūshin): selfishness, egotism
自己中心性(じこちゅうしんせい) (jiko chūshinsei): egocentrism
自己中心的(じこちゅうしんてき) (jiko chūshinteki): egoistic, selfish
質量中心(しつりょうちゅうしん) (shitsuryō chūshin): center of mass

Idioms

中(ちゅう)心(しん)とする (chūshin to suru): play a leading role
中(ちゅう)心(しん)となる (chūshin to naru): play a central role

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
中	心
なか Grade: 1	こ > ご Grade: 2
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 中心 – see the following entry.

【中子なかご】

[noun] center

[noun] This term needs a translation to English.

(This term, 中心, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References

^ Hirayama, Teruo, editor (1960), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN
^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
中	心

Noun

中心 • (jungsim) (hangeul 중심)

hanja form^? of 중심 (“center, middle”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
中	心

Noun

中心

chữ Hán form of trung tâm (“center”).

[ZAJ-1] Hirayama, Teruo, editor (1960), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN

[SMK7-2] Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[DJR-3] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]

[2]

[3]

中心

Contents

Chinese

Pronunciation

Noun

Synonyms

Proper noun

Adverb

Derived terms

Descendants

See also

Japanese

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

Idioms

See also

Etymology 2

References

Korean

Noun

Vietnamese

Noun

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中心

Chinese

Pronunciation

Noun

Synonyms

Proper noun

Adverb

Derived terms

Descendants

See also

Japanese

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

Idioms

See also

Etymology 2

References

Korean

Noun

Vietnamese

Noun

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