些

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

些 (Kangxi radical 7, 二+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 卜心一一 (YPMM), four-corner 2110₁, composition ⿱此二)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 87, character 10
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 268
• Dae Jaweon: page 183, character 16
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1441, character 8
• Unihan data for U+4E9B

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Chinese

trad.		些
simp. #		些

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 些
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Small seal script s01200
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (此) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
些	*saːls, *sjaːl, *seːs
跐	*ʔsreːʔ, *ʔseʔ, *sʰeʔ, *ʔsreʔ
柴	*zreː
祡	*zreː
茈	*zreː, *ʔseʔ, *ze
眦	*zreːs
砦	*zraːds
寨	*zraːds, *slɯːɡ
啙	*ʔseː, *zeːʔ, *ʔseʔ
泚	*sʰeːʔ, *sʰeʔ
玼	*sʰeːʔ, *sʰeʔ, *ze
皉	*sʰeːʔ
鮆	*zeːʔ, *ʔse
眥	*zeːs, *zes
貲	*ʔse
髭	*ʔse
頾	*ʔse
訾	*ʔse, *ʔseʔ
鴜	*ʔse, *ze
鈭	*ʔse, *sʰe
姕	*ʔse, *sʰe, *ze
觜	*ʔse, *ʔse, *ʔseʔ
紫	*ʔseʔ
訿	*ʔseʔ
呰	*ʔseʔ
嘴	*ʔseʔ
雌	*sʰe
此	*sʰeʔ
佌	*sʰeʔ, *seʔ
庛	*sʰes
疵	*ze
骴	*ze, *zes
胔	*ze, *zes
飺	*ze
齜	*ʔsre

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): xiē, xiě (xie¹, xie³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄝ, ㄒㄧㄝˇ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): xi¹

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): se¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): lhie¹

• Gan (Wiktionary): xiet⁶
• Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): xia¹
• Jin (Wiktionary): xie¹
• Northern Min (KCR): siě
• Eastern Min (BUC): siĕ
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): sia / se

  (Teochew, Peng'im): sê¹ / sên¹

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ¹shi
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): sia¹ / sie¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xiē
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄝ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sie
    • Wade–Giles: hsieh¹
    • Yale: syē
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shie
    • Palladius: се (se)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, variant)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xiě
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄝˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: siě
    • Wade–Giles: hsieh³
    • Yale: syě
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiee
    • Palladius: се (se)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɛ²¹⁴/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: xi¹
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: se¹
    • Yale: sē
    • Cantonese Pinyin: se¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: sé¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɛː⁵⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: lhie¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬiɛ³³/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: xiet⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕiɛt̚⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: xia¹
    • Sinological IPA: /sia⁴⁴/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: xie¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /ɕie¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: siě
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siɛ²¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: siĕ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sie⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sia
    • Tâi-lô: sia
    • Phofsit Daibuun: siaf
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /sia⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /sia³³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: se
    • Tâi-lô: se
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sef
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /se⁴⁴/

Note:

• sia - literary;
• se - vernacular.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: sê¹ / sên¹
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: se / seⁿ
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /se³³/, /sẽ³³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ¹shi
    • MiniDict: shi^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹xi
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɕi⁵³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: sia¹ / sie¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /si̯a̠³³/, /si̯e̞³³/
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /ɕi̯a̠³³/, /ɕi̯e̞³³/

Note:

• xia1 - vernacular;
• xie - literary.

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 些
Mandarin	Beijing	/ɕiɛ⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/ɕiɛ⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/ɕie²¹/
	Jinan	/ɕiə²¹³/
	Qingdao	/siə²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/siɛ⁵³/
	Xi'an	/ɕiɛ²¹/
	Xining	/ɕi⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ɕie⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/ɕiə³¹/
	Ürümqi	/ɕiɤ⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/ɕie⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/ɕi⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/ɕie⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/ɕiɛ³¹/
	Nanjing	/sie²¹²/
	Hefei	/sz̩²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/ɕie¹¹/
	Pingyao	/ɕie̞¹³/
	Hohhot	/ɕie³¹/ 一～ /ɕiəʔ⁴³/ 這～
Wu	Shanghai	/ɕi⁵³/
	Suzhou	/si⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/ɕi³³/
	Wenzhou	/sei³³/
Hui	Shexian	/se³¹/
	Tunxi	/se¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/sie³³/ /sia³³/
	Xiangtan	/siɒ³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/ɕiɛʔ⁵/ 訓讀
Hakka	Meixian	/sia⁴⁴/
	Taoyuan	/siɑ¹¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/sɛ⁵³/
	Nanning	/ɬɛ⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/sɛ⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/sia⁵⁵/ /se⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/sie⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/siɛ²¹/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/sẽ³³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/nai³⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: sjae

Rime
Character	些
Reading #	1/3
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	麻 (100)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	寫邪切
Baxter	sjae
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sia/
Pan Wuyun	/sia/
Shao Rongfen	/sia/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sia/
Li Rong	/sia/
Wang Li	/sĭa/
Bernard Karlgren	/si̯a/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiē
Expected Cantonese Reflex	se1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*sjaːl/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	些
Reading #	2/3
No.	1686
Phonetic component	此
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	些
Old Chinese	/*sjaːl/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 些

1. a little; a bit (a small amount)

   一些都沒有／一些都没有  ―  yī xiē dōu méiyǒu  ―  not even a bit

2. some; a few (an indefinite amount)

   吃些肉  ―  chī xiē ròu  ―  to eat some meat

3. (used after adjectives and certain verbs) a bit; a bit more

   走快些  ―  zǒu kuài xiē  ―  to walk a little faster

4. rather; somewhat
5. (archaic) A modal particle.

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 些 (“some, a few”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		些
Mandarin	Taiwan	些
	Singapore	些
Cantonese	Guangzhou	啲
	Hong Kong	啲
	Taishan	尼
	Singapore (Guangfu)	啲
Hakka	Meixian	兜
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	兜
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	兜
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	兜
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	兜
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	兜
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	兜
Southern Min	Xiamen	寡
	Zhangzhou	寡
	Tainan	寡
	Singapore (Hokkien)	寡
	Manila (Hokkien)	寡
	Shantou	撮
	Jieyang	撮
	Singapore (Teochew)	撮
Wu	Shanghai	眼, 點, 些 formal or Mandarin-influenced
	Wenzhou	厘兒

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): suò (suo⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄙㄨㄛˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): so³ / sai³ / so¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: suò
    • Zhuyin: ㄙㄨㄛˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: suò
    • Wade–Giles: so⁴
    • Yale: swò
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: suoh
    • Palladius: со (so)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /su̯ɔ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: so³ / sai³ / so¹
    • Yale: so / sai / sō
    • Cantonese Pinyin: so³ / sai³ / so¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: so³ / sei³ / so¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɔː³³/, /sɐi̯³³/, /sɔː⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: saH, sejH

Rime
Character	些	些
Reading #	3/3	2/3
Initial (聲)	心 (16)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	歌 (94)	齊 (39)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	IV
Fanqie	蘇箇切	蘇計切
Baxter	saH	sejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sɑH/	/seiH/
Pan Wuyun	/sɑH/	/seiH/
Shao Rongfen	/sɑH/	/sɛiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/saH/	/sɛjH/
Li Rong	/sɑH/	/seiH/
Wang Li	/sɑH/	/sieiH/
Bernard Karlgren	/sɑH/	/sieiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	suò	xì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	so3	sai3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*saːls/, /*seːs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	些	些
Reading #	1/3	3/3
No.	1685	1701
Phonetic component	此	此
Rime group	歌	支
Rime subdivision	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	些	細
Old Chinese	/*saːls/	/*seːs/
Notes	見招魂

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 些

1. ^† A modal particle.
2. ^† (figurative) fu (poetry)
3. ^‡ can; be able to
4. ^‡ what
5. ^‡ this

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “related to etymology 1?”)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): suō (suo¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄙㄨㄛ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: suō
    • Zhuyin: ㄙㄨㄛ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: suo
    • Wade–Giles: so¹
    • Yale: swō
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: suo
    • Palladius: со (so)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /su̯ɔ⁵⁵/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 些

1. ^‡ to decrease

References

• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00056
• 諸橋轍次 (Morohashi Tetsuji), chief ed. 大漢和辞典 (Dai Kan-Wa Jiten, “Comprehensive Chinese–Japanese Dictionary”). 13 vols. 1955–1960. Revised and enlarged ed. 1984–1986. Tokyo: Taishukan.

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji

些

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. a few, a little; some
2. sometimes

Readings

• Go-on: さ (sa)
• Kan-on: しゃ (sha)
• Kun: いささか (isasaka, 些か)

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Korean

Hanja

些 (eum 사 (sa))

1. little

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Vietnamese

Han character

些: Hán Nôm readings: ta, tá

1. Template:han tu form of

References

• Nom Foundation