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寅

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
寅 U+5BC5, 寅
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5BC5
← 寄
[U+5BC4] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 密 →
[U+5BC6]
See also: 画, 宙, and 黄

Translingual

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Han character

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寅 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+8, 11 strokes, Cangjie input 十一中金 (JMLC), four-corner 30806, composition ⿱宀⿳一由八)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 288, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7204
  • Dae Jaweon: page 570, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 936, character 16
  • Unihan data for U+5BC5

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
 寅

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 寅
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (寅) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
寅 *lil, *lin
蔩 *lil, *lenʔ, *lin
鏔 *lil, *li
演 *lenʔ
縯 *lenʔ, *linʔ
戭 *lenʔ, *linʔ
夤 *lin
螾 *lin, *linʔ
濥 *linʔ, *lins
瞚 *hljuns

Originally an ideogram (指事): an arrow 矢 with a distinguishing mark (now 日).

In the modern form the arrowhead has corrupted into 宀.

Etymology

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3rd earthly branch
Smith (2011) suggests that this branch denoted the "bending, stretching, drawn out" moon phase, i.e. the waning half-moon with a concave flat edge. Smith points to
  • the possible relation between 寅 (OC *lin) and 引 (OC *linʔ, “to stretch, to draw (a bow)”) (noted earlier by James Mellon Menzies); and
  • that both graphs 寅 and 引 were used interchangeably as phonophorics for 螾 (OC *lin, *linʔ) and 蚓 (OC *linʔ), meaning "worm".
Association with the tiger was possibly arbitrary, just like 辰 (chén) with the dragon (see Ferlus, 2013)

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character 寅 寅
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 以 (36) 以 (36)
Final (韻) 脂 (15) 眞 (43)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 以脂切 翼眞切
Baxter yij yin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/jiɪ/ /jiɪn/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ji/ /jin/
Shao
Rongfen 		/jɪ/ /jen/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ji/ /jin/
Li
Rong 		/i/ /iĕn/
Wang
Li 		/ji/ /jĭĕn/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/i/ /i̯ĕn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yí yín
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		ji4 jan4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 寅 寅
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		yín yín
Middle
Chinese 		‹ yij › ‹ yin ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[ɢ](r)ər/ /*[ɢ](r)ər/
English 3rd earthly branch 3rd earthly branch

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 寅 寅
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 15273 15281
Phonetic
component 		寅 寅
Rime
group 		脂 眞
Rime
subdivision 		1 1
Corresponding
MC rime 		姨 寅
Old
Chinese 		/*lil/ /*lin/

Definitions

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寅

  1. (Classical) to revere, respect
  2. third of twelve earthly branches (十二支)
  3. tiger (虎) of Chinese zodiac

Coordinate terms

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Chinese earthly branches: 地支 (dìzhī)edit

Compounds

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References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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寅

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

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  • Go-on: いん (in)
  • Kan-on: いん (in)
  • Kun: とら (tora, 寅)
  • Nanori: とも (tomo)、のぶ (nobu)

Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
寅
とら
Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi
Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja

From 虎 (tora, “tiger”).

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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寅(とら) • (Tora) 

  1. the Tiger, the third of the twelve Earthly Branches
    Hypernyms: 十二支, 地支
    Coordinate terms: 子, 丑, 寅, 卯, 辰, 巳, 午, 未, 申, 酉, 戌, 亥

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
寅
いん
Jinmeiyō
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 寅 (yin).

Proper noun

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寅(いん) • (In) 

  1. the Tiger, the third of the twelve Earthly Branches
    Hypernyms: 十二支, 地支
    Coordinate terms: 子, 丑, 寅, 卯, 辰, 巳, 午, 未, 申, 酉, 戌, 亥

References

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Korean

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Hanja

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寅 • (in, i) (hangeul 인, 이, revised in, i, McCune–Reischauer in, i)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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寅: Hán Việt readings: dần[1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
寅: Nôm readings: dần[1][2][3][5][6][7], dờn[1][2][3][5][6][7], dàn[3][4][5][6][7], dằng[1][3][4], rờn[3][4][6], dớn[5][6][7], rần[1][3], nhớn[3][4], dằn[2], dợn[3], đằn[3], giần[3], lần[3]

  1. chữ Hán form of Dần (“third of the twelve earthly branches”)
    Hypernyms: 地支, 十二支
    Coordinate terms: 子, 丑, 寅, 卯, 辰, 巳, 午, 未, 申, 酉, 戌, 亥
  2. chữ Nôm form of dằng (“used in dùng dằng (“to move reluctantly or indecisively”)”)
  3. chữ Nôm form of dần
    1. to tenderize (oftentimes meat) by constant pounding
    2. little by little; bit by bit; gradually
  4. chữ Nôm form of rần (“used in rần rật (“describes strong, rapid, repetitive sounds”)”)

Compounds

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References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Nguyễn (2014).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 Trần (2004).
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Hồ (1976).
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Bonet (1899).
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 Génibrel (1898).
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
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