葫

See also: 胡

Translingual

Han character

葫 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+9, 15 strokes, cangjie input 廿十口月 (TJRB), four-corner 4462₇, composition ⿱艹胡)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1045, character 34
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31443
• Dae Jaweon: page 1507, character 6
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3244, character 1
• Unihan data for U+846B

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Chinese

trad.		葫
simp. #		葫
alternative forms		胡 second round simplified

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (古) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
箇	*kaːls
個	*kaːls
居	*kɯ, *kas
橭	*kaː, *kʰaː
嫴	*kaː
姑	*kaː
辜	*kaː
酤	*kaː, *kaːs, *ɡaːʔ
蛄	*kaː
鴣	*kaː
沽	*kaː, *kaːʔ, *kaːs
盬	*kaː, *kaːʔ
古	*kaːʔ
罟	*kaːʔ
估	*kaːʔ
鈷	*kaːʔ
詁	*kaːʔ
牯	*kaːʔ
故	*kaːs
固	*kaːs
稒	*kaːɡs
痼	*kaːɡs
錮	*kaːɡs
鯝	*kaːɡs
棝	*kaːɡs
凅	*kaːɡs
枯	*kʰaː
軲	*kʰaː
跍	*kʰaː
骷	*kʰaː
苦	*kʰaːʔ, *kʰaːs
葫	*qʰaː, *ɡaː
餬	*ɡaː
瑚	*ɡaː
湖	*ɡaː
鶘	*ɡaː
猢	*ɡaː
醐	*ɡaː
糊	*ɡaː
箶	*ɡaː
蝴	*ɡaː
胡	*ɡaː
瓳	*ɡaː
怙	*ɡaːʔ
祜	*ɡaːʔ
岵	*ɡaːʔ
婟	*ɡaːʔ, *ɡaːɡs
楛	*ɡaːʔ
据	*ka
裾	*ka
琚	*ka
椐	*ka, *kas, *kʰa
鶋	*ka
蜛	*ka
崌	*ka
涺	*ka
腒	*ka, *ɡa
鋸	*kas
倨	*kas
踞	*kas
涸	*ɡaːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰaː, *ɡaː) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 胡 (OC *ɡaː)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): hú (hu²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨˊ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): fu² / ku²

• Cantonese (Jyutping): wu⁴
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hô͘ / ô͘

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: hú
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: hú
    • Wade–Giles: hu²
    • Yale: hú
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwu
    • Palladius: ху (xu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu³⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: fu² / ku²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: fu / ku
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu²¹/, /kʰu²¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: wu⁴
    • Yale: wùh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: wu⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: wu⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /wuː²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hô͘
    • Tâi-lô: hôo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hoo
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /hɔ²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔ²³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔ¹³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ô͘
    • Tâi-lô: ôo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: oo
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɔ¹³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Xiamen): /ɔ²⁴/

Note:

• hô͘ - literary;
• ô͘ - vernacular.

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• Middle Chinese: hu, xu

Rime
Character	葫	葫
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	模 (23)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	戸吳切	荒烏切
Baxter	hu	xu
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦuo/	/huo/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦuo/	/huo/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣo/	/xo/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦɔ/	/hɔ/
Li Rong	/ɣo/	/xo/
Wang Li	/ɣu/	/xu/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣuo/	/xuo/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hú	hū
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wu4	fu1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ˤa/

  (Zhengzhang): /*qʰaː/, /*ɡaː/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	葫
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hú
Middle Chinese	‹ hu ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɡ]ˁa/
English	gourd
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	葫	葫
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	4244	4252
Phonetic component	古	古
Rime group	魚	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	呼	胡
Old Chinese	/*qʰaː/	/*ɡaː/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 葫

1. Used in 葫蘆／葫芦 (húlu).
2. ^† garlic

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Japanese

Kanji

葫

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. gourd, bottle-gourd
2. garlic

Readings

• Go-on: ご (go)
• Kan-on: こ (ko)
• Kun: にんにく (ninniku, 葫); ひる (hiru, 葫)

Compounds

• 葫蘆(ころ) (koro)
• 様(よう)によりて葫蘆(ころ)を画(えが)く (yō ni yorite koro o egaku)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
葫
にんにく Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 葫 – see the following entry.

【蒜にんにく】H [noun] [date uncertain] garlic Alternative spellings 大蒜, 忍辱, ニンニク 【蒜ひる】H [noun] [from 712] allium

(This term, 葫, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
葫
ひる Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 葫 – see the following entry.

【蒜にんにく】H [noun] [date uncertain] garlic Alternative spellings 大蒜, 忍辱, ニンニク 【蒜ひる】H [noun] [from 712] allium

(This term, 葫, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

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Kikai

Kanji

葫 (hiragana ふぃる, romaji firu)

Noun

葫 (hiragana ふぃる, romaji firu)

1. Alternative form of 蒜

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Korean

Hanja

葫 • (ho) (hangeul 호, revised ho, McCune–Reischauer ho, Yale ho)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Okinawan

Kanji

葫 (hiragana ひる, romaji hiru)

Noun

葫 (hiragana ひる, romaji hiru)

1. Alternative form of 蒜

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 葫 (hồ)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Yoron

Kanji

葫 (hiragana ぴる, romaji piru)

Noun

葫 (hiragana ぴる, romaji piru)

1. Alternative form of 蒜