覺

See also: 覚 and 觉

Translingual

Traditional	覺
Shinjitai	覚
Simplified	觉

Han character

覺 (Kangxi radical 147, 見+13, 20 strokes, cangjie input 竹月月山山 (HBBUU), four-corner 7721₆, composition ⿱𦥯見)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1137, character 23
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34973
• Dae Jaweon: page 1604, character 29
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3675, character 8
• Unihan data for U+89BA

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Chinese

trad.		覺
simp.		觉
alternative forms		覚／觉 斍 𡕚 覐 𧠔 覚／觉 斍 𡕚 覐 𧠔 𧠭 𧠷

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 覺
Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Qin slip script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (學) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
攪	*kruːʔ
覺	*kruːɡs, *kruːɡ
澩	*ɡruːʔ, *sɡruːɡ, *ɡruːɡ
斆	*ɡruːɡs
鱟	*ɡoːɡs, *quːɡ
嶨	*kʰruːɡ, *ɡruːɡ
礐	*kʰruːɡ, *ɡ·rɯːɡ, *ɡoːɡ, *ɡuːɡ
觷	*ŋɡruːɡ, *ɡruːɡ, *quːɡ
學	*ɡruːɡ
鷽	*ɡruːɡ, *qruːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kruːɡs, *kruːɡ) : phonetic 學 (OC *ɡruːɡ) + semantic 見 (“see”).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kruk (“rouse; awaken; disturb”). Cognate with 學 (OC *ɡruːɡ, “to learn; to study”), 攪 (OC *kruːʔ, “to disturb”), Tibetan དཀྲོག (dkrog, “to agitate; to rouse”).

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): jué (jue²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄩㄝˊ

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): җүә (žüə, I)

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gok³
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): kok

  (Meixian, Guangdong): gog⁵

• Northern Min (KCR): gă
• Eastern Min (BUC): gáe̤k / gáuk
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): kak

  (Teochew, Peng'im): gag⁴

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁷koq; ⁷ciaq

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jué
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄩㄝˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jyué
    • Wade–Giles: chüeh²
    • Yale: jywé
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyue
    • Palladius: цзюэ (czjue)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: җүә (žüə, I)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕyə²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: gok³
    • Yale: gok
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gok⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: gog³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɔːk̚³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kok
    • Hakka Romanization System: gog`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gog⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /kok̚²/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: gog⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /kɔk̚¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gă
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ka²⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: gáe̤k / gáuk
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɔyʔ²⁴/, /kɑuʔ²⁴/

Note:

• gáe̤k - vernacular;
• gáuk - literary.

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kak
    • Tâi-lô: kak
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kag
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kak̚³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kak̚⁵/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kak̚³²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kak̚³²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kak̚³²/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: gag⁴
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kak
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kak̚²/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁷koq; ⁷ciaq
    • MiniDict: koh^入; ciah^入
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁴koq; ⁴jiaq
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /koʔ⁵⁵/, /t͡ɕiaʔ⁵⁵/

Note:

• 4koq - vernacular;
• 4jiaq - literary.

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• Middle Chinese: kaewk

Rime
Character	覺
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	覺 (10)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	古岳切
Baxter	kaewk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠʌk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚɔk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kɔk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kaɨwk̚/
Li Rong	/kɔk̚/
Wang Li	/kɔk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/kɔk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jue
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gok3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*kˤruk/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kruːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	覺
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jué
Middle Chinese	‹ kæwk ›
Old Chinese	/*kˁruk/
English	be aware
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	覺
Reading #	2/2
No.	14075
Phonetic component	學
Rime group	覺
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	覺
Old Chinese	/*kruːɡ/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 覺

1. ^† to wake up from sleep

   • 雲鬢半偏新睡覺，花冠不整下堂來。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
     云鬓半偏新睡觉，花冠不整下堂来。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]

     From: 806 CE, Bai Juyi, Song of Everlasting Regret

     Yúnbìn bàn piān xīn shuì jué, Huāguān bù zhěng xià táng lái. [Pinyin]

     Cloudlike hair awry, she just woke up from sleep. / Crown of flowers unadjusted, she then walked out of her room.

2. to become aware; to dawn on; to awaken to

   覺醒／觉醒  ―  juéxǐng  ―  to come to realize

   大覺／大觉  ―  dàjué  ―  great awakening

3. to feel; to think

   覺得／觉得  ―  juédé  ―  to feel that; to think that

4. sense; sensation; feeling
5. a surname

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jiào (jiao⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄠˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gaau³
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): kau

  (Meixian, Guangdong): gau⁴

• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kàu
• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁵kau

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jiào
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄠˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jiào
    • Wade–Giles: chiao⁴
    • Yale: jyàu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiaw
    • Palladius: цзяо (czjao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: gaau³
    • Yale: gaau
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gaau³
    • Guangdong Romanization: gao³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaːu̯³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kau
    • Hakka Romanization System: gau
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gau⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /kau̯⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: gau⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /kau⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kàu
    • Tâi-lô: kàu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kaux
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kau⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kau²¹/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁵kau
    • MiniDict: kau^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²kau
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kɔ³⁴/

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 覺
Mandarin	Beijing	/t͡ɕiɑu⁵¹/
	Harbin	/t͡ɕiau⁵³/
	Tianjin	/t͡ɕiɑu⁵³/
	Jinan	/t͡ɕiɔ²¹/
	Qingdao	/t͡ɕiɔ⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/t͡ɕiau³¹²/
	Xi'an	/t͡ɕiau⁴⁴/
	Xining	/t͡ɕiɔ²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/t͡ɕiɔ¹³/
	Lanzhou	/t͡ɕiɔ¹³/
	Ürümqi	/t͡ɕiɔ²¹³/
	Wuhan	/t͡ɕiau³⁵/
	Chengdu	/kau¹³/
	Guiyang	/t͡ɕiao²¹³/
	Kunming	/t͡ɕiɔ²¹²/
	Nanjing	/t͡ɕiɔo⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/t͡ɕiɔ⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡ɕiau⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/t͡ɕiɔ³⁵/
	Hohhot	/t͡ɕiɔ⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/kɔ³⁵/
	Suzhou	/kæ⁵¹³/
	Hangzhou	/t͡ɕiɔ⁴⁴⁵/
	Wenzhou	/ko²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/kɔ³²⁴/
	Tunxi	/kon²⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡ɕiau⁵⁵/ /kau⁵⁵/
	Xiangtan	/kaɯ⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/kɑu⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/kau⁵³/
	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/kau³³/
	Nanning	/kɛu³³/
	Hong Kong	/kau³³/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/kau²¹/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/ka²⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/kak̚²/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/xiɔk̚⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: kaewH

Rime
Character	覺
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	肴 (90)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	古孝切
Baxter	kaewH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠauH/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚauH/
Shao Rongfen	/kauH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kaɨwH/
Li Rong	/kauH/
Wang Li	/kauH/
Bernard Karlgren	/kauH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiào
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gaau3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*kˤruk-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kruːɡs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	覺
Reading #	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jiào
Middle Chinese	‹ kæwH ›
Old Chinese	/*kˁruk-s/
English	awaken
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	覺
Reading #	1/2
No.	14070
Phonetic component	學
Rime group	奧
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	敎
Old Chinese	/*kruːɡs/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 覺

1. sleep; going to bed; nap
2. Classifier for periods of sleep.

Compounds

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Shinjitai	覚
Kyūjitai	覺

Kanji

覺

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 覚)

1. to wake up
2. to enlighten
3. awake
4. to remember
5. remembrance

Readings

• Go-on: かく (kaku); きょう (kyō)^{←けう (keu, historical)}
• Kan-on: かく (kaku); こう (kō)^{←かう (kau, historical)}
• Kan’yō-on: かく (kaku)
• Kun: おぼえる (oboeru, 覺える); さます (samasu, 覺ます); さめる (sameru, 覺める); さとる (satoru, 覺る)

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Korean

Hanja

覺 • (gak, gyo) (hangeul 각, 교)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 覺 (giác, nhác, rác, dác)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.