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→‎Japanese: Fixing header order, + kanji def, - defn, fixing readings, formatting, + etym & senses & syns & ants & deriveds & relateds & WP links & image, + attn
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==Japanese==
==Japanese==
{{attention|ja|Needs expansion: compounds, deriveds.}}

{{wikipedia|lang=ja}}
⚫
===Pronunciation===
{{wikipedia|Black}}
* {{sense|くろ}} {{IPA|/ku.ꜜɾo/|lang=ja}}
[[File:Solid_black.svg|thumb|250px|{{Jpan|黒}}]]


===Kanji===
===Kanji===
{{ja-kanji|grade=2|rs=黒00}}
{{ja-kanji|grade=2|rs=黒00}}


⚫
# [[black]]
# {{defn|lang=ja|sort=黑00}}


====Readings====
====Readings====
* {{ja-readings|on=[[こく]] (koku)|kun=[[くろい]] (kuroi), [[くろ]] (kuro)}}
{{ja-readings
|on=[[こく]] (koku)
|kun=[[くろ]] (kuro)
}}


====Compounds====
====Compounds====
{{der-top|Compounds}}
{{top2}}
* {{l|ja|黒影}} ({{l|ja|こくえい}}, ''[[kokuei]]''): [[silhouette]], [[dark]] [[shadow]]
* {{l|ja|黒影|tr=[[こくえい]], ''[[kokuei#Japanese|kokuei]]''}}: a [[silhouette]], a [[dark]] [[shadow]]
* {{l|ja|黒色|tr=[[こくしょく]], ''[[kokushoku#Japanese|kokushoku]]''}}: the [[colour]] [[black]]
⚫
* [[黒色]]
* {{l|ja|黒点|tr=[[こくてん]], ''[[kokuten#Japanese|kokuten]]''}}: a black [[spot]]; a [[sunspot]]
* [[黒点]]
* {{term|黒板||[[blackboard]]|tr=[[こくばん]], [[kokuban]]|lang=ja|sc=Jpan}}
* {{l|ja|黒板|tr=[[こくばん]], ''[[kokuban#Japanese|kokuban]]''}}: [[blackboard]]
* {{l|ja|暗黒|tr=[[あんこく]], ''[[ankoku#Japanese|ankoku]]''}}: [[darkness]]
{{mid2}}
* {{term|暗黒||darkness|tr=あんこく, ankoku|sc=Jpan|lang=ja}}
* {{l|ja|漆黒|tr=[[しっこく]], ''[[shikkoku#Japanese|shikkoku]]''}}: [[jet-black]]
* {{l|ja|白黒|tr=[[しらくら]], ''[[shirakura#Japanese|shirakura]]''}}: this and that, [[so-and-so]], [[such-and-such]]: unspecified items brought up for [[criticism]]
* [[漆黒]]
* {{l|ja|白黒|tr=[[しろくろ]], ''[[shirokuro#Japanese|shirokuro]]''}}: [[black and white]]; [[monochrome]]; a [[panic]] or [[startled]] state; [[confusion]]; a [[sex]] [[show]]
* [[白黒]]
{{bottom}}
{{bottom}}

===Etymology===
From {{etyl|ojp|ja|sort=くろ}}. Via root [[morpheme]] ''*kur'', cognate with ''kuri'' ({{l|ja|涅}}, "black [[mud]] from the [[bed]] of a body of water"), noun ''kura'' ({{l|ja|暗}}, "darkness; deception"; {{l|ja|蔵}}, {{l|ja|倉}}, {{l|ja|庫}} "dark storehouse") > adjective ''kurai'' ({{l|ja|暗い}}, "dark"), verb ''kuru'' > ''kureru'' ({{l|ja|暮れる}}, "to become dark; to near the end [of a day, of a year, of a life]"; {{l|ja|暗れる}}, {{l|ja|眩れる}}, "to become depressed, to become dreary of mood"). Compare {{proto|Turkic|kara|black|lang=}}, {{etyl|mn|-}} {{term|lang=mn|хар|tr=khar||black}}.

Possibly cognate with {{etyl|ko|-}} {{term|lang=ko|구름|tr=kureum||cloud}}; compare also {{etyl|ja|-}} {{term|lang=ja|雲|tr=kumo||cloud}} and {{etyl|ko|-}} *{{term|lang=ko||검|tr=geom|black}}, root [[morpheme]] of {{term|lang=ko|검다||to be black|pos=ve​rb}}, {{term|lang=ko|검은||black|pos=adjective}}.

⚫
===Pronunciation===
* [[訓読み|Kun'yomi]]
* {{IPA|lang=ja|/ku.ɽo/|[kɯᵝ.ꜜɽo̞]}}


===Noun===
===Noun===
{{ja-noun|k|hira=くろ|rom=kuro}}
{{ja-noun|k|hira=くろ|rom=kuro}}


# [[black]]
# the [[colour]] [[black]]
# a {{term|lang=ja|女房詞|tr=nyōbōshi||woman's word}} for {{term|lang=ja|鍋|tr=nabe||pot, pan}} or {{term|lang=ja|釜|tr=kama||pot, kettle}}
# the [[guilty]] one
# {{context|lang=ja|sort=くろ|accounting}} short for {{term|lang=ja|黒字|tr=kuroji}}: {{term|lang=en|black}} as an [[accounting]] term, indicating a [[profit]]
# {{context|lang=ja|sort=くろ|euphemism}} short for {{term|lang=ja|黒幕|tr=kuromaku}}: a [[black]] [[curtain]], a [[euphemism]] for someone [[influence|influencing]] or [[control]]ling matters from [[behind the scenes]]
# [[guilt]]; the [[guilty]] one, the guilty [[party]]
# {{context|lang=ja|sort=くろ|slang}} [[anarchy]] as a [[belief system]] or [[philosophy]]; an [[anarchist]]

====Synonyms====
* {{sense|pot, pan}} {{l|ja|鍋|tr=[[なべ]], ''[[nabe#Japanese|nabe]]''}}
* {{sense|pot, kettle}} {{l|ja|釜|tr=[[かま]], ''[[kama#Japanese|kama]]''}}
* {{sense|profits}} {{l|ja|黒字|tr=[[くろじ]], ''[[kuroji#Japanese|kuroji]]''}}
* {{sense|controller behind the scenes}} {{l|ja|黒幕|tr=[[くろまく]], ''[[kuromaku#Japanese|kuromaku]]''}}
* {{sense|guilt}} {{l|ja|有罪|tr=[[ゆうざい]], ''[[yūzai#Japanese|yūzai]]''}}
* {{sense|anarchy}} {{l|ja|無政府主義|tr=[[むせいふしゅぎ]], ''[[museifu shugi]]''}}
* {{sense|anarchist}} {{l|ja|無政府主義者|tr=[[むせいふしゅぎしゃ]], ''[[museifu shugisha]]''}}

====Antonyms====
* {{sense|guilt}} {{l|ja|白|tr=[[しろ]], ''[[shiro]]''}}: [[innocence]]

====Derived terms====
* {{l|ja|黒い|tr=[[くろい]], ''[[kuroi#Japanese|kuroi]]''}}: [[black]] {{qualifier|adjective}}
* {{l|ja|黒っぽい|tr=[[くろっぽい]], ''[[kuroppoi#Japanese|kuroppoi]]''}}: [[blackish]], [[dark]]
* {{l|ja|黒み|tr=[[くろみ]], ''[[kuromi#Japanese|kuromi]]''}}: [[blackness], a black [[tinge]]
* {{l|ja|黒ん坊|tr=[[くろんぼう]], ''[[kuronbō#Japanese|kuronbō]]''}}: a [[deeply]] [[tanned]] person; {{qualifier|derogatory}} a [[black]] person; a [[stagehand]] wearing [[black]] or [[dark]] [[clothing]]; a [[monk]] wearing black clothing; [[rotten]] [[black]] [[seed]]s, particularly [[grain]] that has rotted on the stalk


===Related terms===
====Related terms====
* {{l|ja|涅|tr=[[くり]], ''[[kuri#Japanese|kuri]]''}}: black [[mud]] from the [[bed]] of a body of water
* [[黒い]](くろい, ''kuroi'')
* {{l|ja|暗|tr=[[くら]], ''[[kura#Japanese|kura]]''}}: [[darkness]]; [[deception]], [[fraud]]
* {{l|ja|蔵}}, {{l|ja|倉}}, {{l|ja|庫|tr=[[くら]], ''[[kura#Japanese|kura]]''}}: a ([[dark]]) [[storehouse]]
* {{l|ja|暗い|tr=[[くらい]], ''[[kurai#Japanese|kurai]]''}}: [[dark]]
* {{l|ja|暮れる|tr=[[くれる]], ''[[kureru#Japanese|kureru]]''}}: to become dark; to near the [[end]] (of a day, of a year, of a life)
* {{l|ja|暗れる}}, {{l|ja|眩れる|tr=[[くれる]], ''[[kureru#Japanese|kureru]]''}}: to become [[depressed]], to become [[dreary]] of [[mood]]


[[Category:1000 Japanese basic words|くろ]]
[[Category:1000 Japanese basic words|くろ]]

Revision as of 00:02, 3 July 2012

See also: 黑 and 里

Translingual

Stroke order
Japanese 黒
Simplified 黑
Traditional 黑

Etymology

Japanese shinjitai Simplified from 黑, replacing two dots with one stroke. Compare 毋 (from 母).

Graphically 里 + 灬 (“fire”), and bottom is cognate to 灬.

Han character

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  1. black
  2. dark
  3. evil

Usage notes

In some Japanese shinjitai simplifications, 黒 is split into 里 and 灬 (on the bottom of the character), such as 黙 (from 默), and the 里 component may disappear, as in 点 (from 點).

See also

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 1518, character 36
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 48040
  • Dae Jaweon: page 2052, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): not present, would follow volume 7, page 4743, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+9ED2

Japanese

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
Template:Jpan

Kanji

黒

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. black

Readings

  • On (unclassified): こく (koku)
  • Kun: くろ (kuro)

Compounds

Compounds

Etymology

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Japanese. Via root morpheme *kur, cognate with kuri (涅, "black mud from the bed of a body of water"), noun kura (暗, "darkness; deception"; 蔵, 倉, 庫 "dark storehouse") > adjective kurai (暗い, "dark"), verb kuru > kureru (暮れる, "to become dark; to near the end [of a day, of a year, of a life]"; 暗れる, 眩れる, "to become depressed, to become dreary of mood"). Compare Template:proto, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Mongolian (deprecated template usage) хар (xar).

Possibly cognate with (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Korean (deprecated template usage) 구름 (kureum); compare also (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Japanese (deprecated template usage) 雲 (kumo) and (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Korean *(deprecated template usage) 검 (geom), root morpheme of (deprecated template usage) 검다 (geomda, ve​rb), (deprecated template usage) 검은 (geomeun, adjective).

Pronunciation

Noun

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  1. the colour black
  2. a (deprecated template usage) 女房詞 (nyōbōshi) for (deprecated template usage) 鍋 (nabe) or (deprecated template usage) 釜 (kama)
  3. (deprecated template usage) (accounting) short for (deprecated template usage) 黒字 (kuroji): (deprecated template usage) black as an accounting term, indicating a profit
  4. (deprecated template usage) (euphemistic) short for (deprecated template usage) 黒幕 (kuromaku): a black curtain, a euphemism for someone influencing or controlling matters from behind the scenes
  5. guilt; the guilty one, the guilty party
  6. (deprecated template usage) (slang) anarchy as a belief system or philosophy; an anarchist

Synonyms

Antonyms

Derived terms

Related terms

Korean

Hanja

黒 • (heuk) (hangeul 흑, revised heuk, McCune–Reischauer hŭk, Yale huk)

  1. (deprecated template usage) (deprecated use of |lang= parameter) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Mandarin

Hanzi

黒 (Pinyin dǎn (dan3), hēi (hei1), Wade-Giles tan3, hei1)

  1. (deprecated template usage) (deprecated use of |lang= parameter) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 黒 (hắc)

  1. (deprecated template usage) (deprecated use of |lang= parameter) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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