unga

See also: -unga and UNGA

English

Noun

unga (plural ungas)

1. Sarotherodon linnellii, a cichlid endemic to Lake Barombi Mbo in western Cameroon.
   • 1993, Endangered Wildlife of the World, volume 10, page 1317:

     One species in particular, the fissi (Sarotherodon caroli), is close to the unga.

See also

• unga bunga

East Miraya Bikol

Noun

ungá

1. question

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -uŋka

Etymology 1

Related to the noun ungi (“hatchling”).

Verb

unga (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative ungaði, supine ungað)

1. to hatch

   Synonym: klekja

Conjugation

unga – active voice (germynd)

infinitive nafnháttur		að unga
supine sagnbót		ungað
present participle lýsingarháttur nútíðar		ungandi
		indicative framsöguháttur			subjunctive viðtengingarháttur
		present nútíð	past þátíð		present nútíð	past þátíð
singular	ég	unga	ungaði		ungi	ungaði
	þú	ungar	ungaðir		ungir	ungaðir
	hann, hún, það	ungar	ungaði		ungi	ungaði
plural	við	ungum	unguðum		ungum	unguðum
	þið	ungið	unguðuð		ungið	unguðuð
	þeir, þær, þau	unga	unguðu		ungi	unguðu
		imperative boðháttur
singular	þú	unga (þú), ungaðu
plural	þið	ungið (þið), ungiði1

¹ Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

ungast – mediopassive voice (miðmynd)

infinitive nafnháttur		að ungast
supine sagnbót		ungast
present participle lýsingarháttur nútíðar		ungandist (rare; see appendix)
		indicative framsöguháttur			subjunctive viðtengingarháttur
		present nútíð	past þátíð		present nútíð	past þátíð
singular	ég	ungast	ungaðist		ungist	ungaðist
	þú	ungast	ungaðist		ungist	ungaðist
	hann, hún, það	ungast	ungaðist		ungist	ungaðist
plural	við	ungumst	unguðumst		ungumst	unguðumst
	þið	ungist	unguðust		ungist	unguðust
	þeir, þær, þau	ungast	unguðust		ungist	unguðust
		imperative boðháttur
singular	þú	ungast (þú), ungastu
plural	þið	ungist (þið), ungisti1

¹ Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

ungaður — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)

strong declension (sterk beyging)	singular (eintala)			plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	ungaður	unguð	ungað	ungaðir	ungaðar	unguð
accusative (þolfall)	ungaðan	ungaða	ungað	ungaða	ungaðar	unguð
dative (þágufall)	unguðum	ungaðri	unguðu	unguðum	unguðum	unguðum
genitive (eignarfall)	ungaðs	ungaðrar	ungaðs	ungaðra	ungaðra	ungaðra
weak declension (veik beyging)	singular (eintala)			plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	ungaði	ungaða	ungaða	unguðu	unguðu	unguðu
accusative (þolfall)	ungaða	unguðu	ungaða	unguðu	unguðu	unguðu
dative (þágufall)	ungaða	unguðu	ungaða	unguðu	unguðu	unguðu
genitive (eignarfall)	ungaða	unguðu	ungaða	unguðu	unguðu	unguðu

Derived terms

• ungun

Etymology 2

Noun

unga

1. inflection of ungi:
   1. indefinite accusative/dative/genitive singular
   2. indefinite accusative/genitive plural

Italian

Verb

unga

1. inflection of ungere:
   1. first/second/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative

Anagrams

• ugna

Japanese

Romanization

unga

1. Rōmaji transcription of うんが

Macanese

Alternative forms

• ung'a, (archaic) ung-a, ungha
• 'nga (unstressed aphetic form)

Etymology

Ultimately from Old Galician-Portuguese ũa, possibly through an intermediate form from Indo-Portuguese. Compare Galician unha, pronounced identically.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈuŋa/

Article

unga

1. (indefinite) a, an, one

   abri'nga janela ― opening a window

   Dâ ung'a xicra di chá pa iou

   Bring me a cup of tea

Usage notes

• Macanese does not have a definite article.
• The use of this article is probably more akin to the use of count nouns in Cantonese, e.g. 個 / 个 (go³), 本 (bun²), 條 / 条 (tiu⁴), rather than the European analogue; that is, there are instances in which the indefinite article would be used in European languages but not in Macanese, and vice versa. For instance, "I am reading a book" would more likely be translated as iou tâ lê livro, rather than iou tâ lê unga livro.

Derived terms

• acunga (“that”)
• agunga (“some”)
• cadunga (“every”)
• destunga (“of this; from that”)
• estunga (“this”)
• ninhunga (“no, none”)
• otrunga (“other, another”)
• qualunga (“which”)

Numeral

Macanese cardinal numbers

<  0	1	2  >
Cardinal : unga     Ordinal : primêro

unga

1. one

Usage notes

• The spelling ung'a is preferred by Maquista Chapado (2004), however unga with no apostrophe seems to be dominant in literature, and is also the spelling preferred by the group Dóci Papiaçám di Macau.
• The apostrophe is sometimes added to prevent pronunciation as /ˈuŋɡa/, although some speakers nonetheless pronounce it as such.

References

• “unga”, in “Lexicon”, in Macanese Heritage, 2024–2026
• Batalha, Graciete Nogueira (1988), “unga”, in Glossário do dialecto macaense: notas linguísticas, etnográficas e folclóricas [Glossary of the Macanese dialect: linguistic, ethnographic and folkloric notes], Macau: Instituto Cultural de Macau, page 553
• Elisabela Larrea (5 October 2016), “Unga, dois, três…1, 2, 3..”, in belamaquista‎^[1] (in Chinese and English), Macau, archived from the original on 16 February 2024

Norwegian Bokmål

Noun

unga m

1. (nonstandard, dialectal) definite plural of unge

Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

unga m

1. (nonstandard, dialectal) definite plural of unge
   • 1879, Hallvard Berg, Segner fraa Bygdom, Christiania: Samlaget, page 93:

     "No, Unga, kunne de slutte mæ Lesnae ei Stund o høyre paa me."

     "Now, kids, you can stop with the reading for a while and listen to me."

Old Norse

Adjective

unga

1. positive degree strong feminine accusative singular of ungr
2. positive degree strong masculine accusative plural of ungr
3. positive degree weak masculine oblique singular of ungr
4. positive degree weak feminine nominative singular of ungr
5. positive degree weak neuter singular of ungr

Sácata

Etymology

Compare Chirino yungo.

Noun

unga

1. water

References

• Willem F. H. Adelaar, The Languages of the Andes

Sardinian

Alternative forms

• ungra

Etymology

Compare Italian unghia.

Noun

unga

1. fingernail

Shona

Etymology

From Swahili unga (“flour”).

Noun

unga class 14

1. gunpowder

Swahili

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Etymology 1

unga

Inherited from Proto-Bantu [Term?].

Noun

unga class XI (no plural)

1. flour

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Bantu [Term?].

Verb

-unga (infinitive kuunga)

1. to join, accompany
2. (in reflexive forms) to subscribe

   Synonym: -shitariki

3. to season, add seasoning

Conjugation

Conjugation of -unga
Positive present -naunga Subjunctive -unge Negative -ungi Imperative singular unga
Infinitives
Positive kuunga Negative kutounga
Imperatives
Singular unga Plural ungeni
Tensed forms
Habitual huunga Positive past positive subject concord + -liunga Negative past negative subject concord + -kuunga
Positive present (positive subject concord + -naunga) Singular Plural 1st person ninaunga/naunga tunaunga 2nd person unaunga mnaunga 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anaunga wanaunga other classes positive subject concord + -naunga
Negative present (negative subject concord + -ungi) Singular Plural 1st person siungi hatuungi 2nd person huungi hamuungi 3rd person m-wa(I/II) haungi hawaungi other classes negative subject concord + -ungi
Positive future positive subject concord + -taunga Negative future negative subject concord + -taunga
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -unge) Singular Plural 1st person niunge tuunge 2nd person uunge muunge 3rd person m-wa(I/II) aunge waunge other classes positive subject concord + -unge
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -siunge Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngeunga Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singeunga Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngaliunga Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singaliunga
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -aunga) Singular Plural 1st person naunga twaunga 2nd person waunga mwaunga 3rd person m-wa(I/II) aunga waunga m-mi(III/IV) waunga yaunga ji-ma(V/VI) launga yaunga ki-vi(VII/VIII) chaunga vyaunga n(IX/X) yaunga zaunga u(XI) waunga see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwaunga pa(XVI) paunga mu(XVIII) mwaunga
Perfect positive subject concord + -meunga "Already" positive subject concord + -meshaunga "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jaunga "If/When" positive subject concord + -kiunga "If not" positive subject concord + -sipounga Consecutive kaunga / positive subject concord + -kaunga Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kaunge
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -niunga -tuunga 2nd person -kuunga -waunga/-kuungeni/-waungeni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -muunga -waunga m-mi(III/IV) -uunga -iunga ji-ma(V/VI) -liunga -yaunga ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kiunga -viunga n(IX/X) -iunga -ziunga u(XI) -uunga see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kuunga pa(XVI) -paunga mu(XVIII) -muunga Reflexive -jiunga
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -unga- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -ungaye -ungao m-mi(III/IV) -ungao -ungayo ji-ma(V/VI) -ungalo -ungayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -ungacho -ungavyo n(IX/X) -ungayo -ungazo u(XI) -ungao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -ungako pa(XVI) -ungapo mu(XVIII) -ungamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -unga) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yeunga -ounga m-mi(III/IV) -ounga -younga ji-ma(V/VI) -lounga -younga ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chounga -vyounga n(IX/X) -younga -zounga u(XI) -ounga see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kounga pa(XVI) -pounga mu(XVIII) -mounga
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Verbal derivations:
  • Applicative: -ungia
  • Causative: -ungisha
  • Passive: -ungwa
  • Reciprocal: -ungana
  • Stative: -ungika
  • Other formations: -unga mkono (“to support”)

• Nominal derivations:
  • kiungo (“spice; joint”)
  • muungo
  • uungaji mkono (“support”)
  • uungaji

Swedish

Adjective

unga

1. inflection of ung:
   1. definite singular
   2. plural

Tagalog

Etymology

Onomatopoeic.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ʔuˈŋaʔ/ [ʔʊˈŋaʔ]
• Rhymes: -aʔ
• Syllabification: u‧nga

Noun

ungâ (Baybayin spelling ᜂᜅ)

1. lowing or mooing of cattle

Derived terms

• pag-unga
• umunga

See also

• ungal

Further reading

• “unga”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, 2018

Anagrams

• uang

West Miraya Bikol

Noun

unga

1. question