淡
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See also: 澹
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Translingual
[edit]Stroke order | |||
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Han character
[edit]淡 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 水火火 (EFF), four-corner 39189, composition ⿰氵炎)
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 630, character 18
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17660
- Dae Jaweon: page 1032, character 17
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1660, character 8
- Unihan data for U+6DE1
Chinese
[edit]Glyph origin
[edit]Old Chinese | |
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倓 | *l'oːmʔ, *l'aːm, *l'aːms |
緂 | *l̥ʰaːm, *l̥ʰaːmʔ, *l̥ʰjam |
毯 | *l̥ʰaːmʔ |
菼 | *l̥ʰaːmʔ |
裧 | *l̥ʰaːmʔ, *l̥ʰjam, *l̥ʰjams |
賧 | *l̥ʰaːms |
睒 | *l̥ʰaːms, *hljamʔ |
舕 | *l̥ʰaːms |
談 | *l'aːm |
郯 | *l'aːm |
惔 | *l'aːm, *l'aːmʔ, *l'aːms |
錟 | *l'aːm |
淡 | *l'aːm, *l'aːmʔ, *l'aːms, *lamʔ |
痰 | *l'aːm |
餤 | *l'aːm |
啖 | *l'aːmʔ, *l'aːms |
腅 | *l'aːms |
剡 | *ɦljamʔ, *lamʔ |
覢 | *hljamʔ |
掞 | *hljams |
炎 | *ɦlam |
琰 | *lamʔ |
棪 | *lamʔ |
扊 | *lamʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *l'aːm, *l'aːmʔ, *l'aːms, *lamʔ) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 炎 (OC *ɦlam)
Etymology 1
[edit]trad. | 淡 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 淡 |
Word stems from something burning hot being tempered with water (ie spicy food "watered down"). As per the characters water + burning hot (ie to make mild or bland).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): dan4
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): tan5
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): dan3
- Eastern Min (BUC): dâng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6de
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): dan5 / dan4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄢˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: dàn
- Wade–Giles: tan4
- Yale: dàn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dann
- Palladius: дань (danʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tän⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: dan4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: dan
- Sinological IPA (key): /tan²¹³/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: taam5 / daam6
- Yale: táahm / daahm
- Cantonese Pinyin: taam5 / daam6
- Guangdong Romanization: tam5 / dam6
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰaːm¹³/, /taːm²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note:
- taam5 - vernacular;
- daam6 - literary.
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: am4 / ham1
- Sinological IPA (key): /am²¹/, /ham³³/
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: tan5
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰan¹¹/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thâm / tham
- Hakka Romanization System: tamˊ / tam
- Hagfa Pinyim: tam1 / tam4
- Sinological IPA: /tʰam²⁴/, /tʰam⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: dan3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /tæ̃⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: dâng
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɑŋ²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Note:
- tāⁿ - vernacular;
- tām - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: dan6 / dam6
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tăⁿ / tăm
- Sinological IPA (key): /tã³⁵/, /tam³⁵/
Note:
- dan6 - vernacular;
- dam6 - literary.
Note:
- dan5 - vernacular;
- dan4 - literary.
- Middle Chinese: damX, damH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[l]ˤamʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*l'aːmʔ/, /*l'aːms/
Definitions
[edit]淡
- (of food) bland; tasteless
- (of color) light; pale
- (of liquid or gas) thin; low in density
- indifferent; cold
- slack; dull
- 淡季 ― dànjì ― slack season; off-season
- meaningless; trivial
Synonyms
[edit]Dialectal synonyms of 淡 (“bland; tasteless; not salty”) [map]
Compounds
[edit]- 下淡水溪
- 冷淡 (lěngdàn)
- 喫淡酒/吃淡酒
- 平和恬淡
- 平淡 (píngdàn)
- 平淡無奇/平淡无奇
- 恬淡 (tiándàn)
- 恬淡寡欲
- 恬淡無欲/恬淡无欲
- 恬淡無為/恬淡无为
- 慘淡/惨淡 (cǎndàn)
- 扯淡 (chědàn)
- 攻苦食淡
- 暗淡 (àndàn)
- 暗淡無光/暗淡无光 (àndànwúguāng)
- 民患淡食
- 沖淡/冲淡 (chōngdàn)
- 泔淡
- 海水淡化 (hǎishuǐ dànhuà)
- 淡不剌
- 淡不淡
- 淡交
- 淡入
- 淡冷處/淡冷处
- 淡出 (dànchū)
- 淡化 (dànhuà)
- 淡奶 (dànnǎi)
- 淡妝/淡妆 (dànzhuāng)
- 淡妝濃抹/淡妆浓抹
- 淡妝素服/淡妆素服
- 淡季 (dànjì)
- 淡定 (dàndìng)
- 淡巴菰 (dànbāgū)
- 淡廝/淡厮
- 淡彩
- 淡忘 (dànwàng)
- 淡抹
- 淡掃蛾眉/淡扫蛾眉
- 淡於名利/淡于名利
- 淡月
- 淡水 (dànshuǐ)
- 淡水河 (Dànshuǐ Hé)
- 淡水湖 (dànshuǐhú)
- 淡水漁業/淡水渔业
- 淡水養殖/淡水养殖
- 淡水魚/淡水鱼 (dànshuǐyú)
- 淡江 (Dànjiāng)
- 淡江大學/淡江大学
- 淡沱
- 淡沲
- 淡泊 (dànbó)
- 淡泊名利 (dànbómínglì)
- 清淡 (qīngdàn)
- 淡淡 (dàndàn)
- 淺淡/浅淡 (qiǎndàn)
- 淡漠 (dànmò)
- 淡濛濛/淡蒙蒙
- 淡然 (dànrán)
- 淡然無味/淡然无味
- 淡然處之/淡然处之
- 淡竹 (dànzhú)
- 淡而無味/淡而无味
- 淡色
- 清茶淡話/清茶淡话
- 清茶淡飯/清茶淡饭
- 淡薄 (dànbó)
- 淡薄無味/淡薄无味
- 淡話/淡话 (dànhuà)
- 淡雅 (dànyǎ)
- 淡青
- 淡飯/淡饭
- 淡飯清茶/淡饭清茶
- 濃妝淡抹/浓妆淡抹
- 濃抹淡妝/浓抹淡妆
- 濃淡/浓淡 (nóngdàn)
- 澹淡
- 澹淡經營/澹淡经营
- 熬枯受淡
- 熬清守淡
- 發淡科/发淡科
- 看淡後市/看淡后市
- 粉淡香殘/粉淡香残
- 粗茶淡飯/粗茶淡饭 (cūchádànfàn)
- 粗衣淡飯/粗衣淡饭
- 素淡 (sùdàn)
- 說淡話/说淡话
- 輕描淡寫/轻描淡写 (qīngmiáodànxiě)
- 閒扯淡/闲扯淡
- 雅淡
- 雲淡風輕/云淡风轻 (yúndànfēngqīng)
- 顄淡/𱂰淡 (hàndàn)
- 風輕雲淡/风轻云淡 (fēngqīngyúndàn)
- 鬼扯淡
- 鹹嘴淡舌/咸嘴淡舌
- 黯淡 (àndàn)
- 黯淡無光/黯淡无光 (àndànwúguāng)
- 黲淡/黪淡 (cǎndàn)
Etymology 2
[edit]trad. | 淡 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 淡 |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄢˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yǎn
- Wade–Giles: yen3
- Yale: yǎn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yean
- Palladius: янь (janʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɛn²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄢˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yàn
- Wade–Giles: yen4
- Yale: yàn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yann
- Palladius: янь (janʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɛn⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: jim5
- Yale: yíhm
- Cantonese Pinyin: jim5
- Guangdong Romanization: yim5
- Sinological IPA (key): /jiːm¹³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Middle Chinese: yemX
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*lamʔ/
Definitions
[edit]淡
- Only used in 淡淡 (yǎnyǎn, yànyàn).
- ‡ appearance of water
Compounds
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]trad. | 淡 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 淡 |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄊㄢˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: tán
- Wade–Giles: tʻan2
- Yale: tán
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tarn
- Palladius: тань (tanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰän³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: taam4
- Yale: tàahm
- Cantonese Pinyin: taam4
- Guangdong Romanization: tam4
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰaːm²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Middle Chinese: dam
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*l'aːm/
Definitions
[edit]淡
- † Alternative form of 痰 (tán)
- ‡ appearance of water
- See also: 澹
Etymology 4
[edit]For pronunciation and definitions of 淡 – see 䭕 (“(Min) tasteless; insipid”). (This character is a variant form of 䭕). |
References
[edit]- “淡”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]淡
- diluted
- pale
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: だん (dan)←だん (dan, historical)←だむ (damu, ancient)
- Kan-on: たん (tan, Jōyō)←たん (tan, historical)←たむ (tamu, ancient)
- Kun: あわい (awai, 淡い, Jōyō); うすい (usui, 淡い)
Compounds
[edit]Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese 淡 (MC damX|damH). Recorded as Middle Korean 담〯 (tǎm) (Yale: tam) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja
[edit]Compounds
[edit]Compounds
References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]淡: Hán Nôm readings: đạm, đượm, vạm, đặm
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
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