驚
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
See also: 惊
|
Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]驚 (Kangxi radical 187, 馬+12, 22 strokes, cangjie input 廿大尸手火 (TKSQF), four-corner 48327, composition ⿱敬馬)
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1446, character 4
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 45013
- Dae Jaweon: page 1970, character 18
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4576, character 6
- Unihan data for U+9A5A
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 驚 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 惊* |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 驚 | |
---|---|
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
![]() |
![]() |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *kreŋ) : phonetic 敬 (OC *kreŋs) + semantic 馬, as horses are skittish (easily startled).
Etymology 1
[edit]Compare Old Khmer kreṅa (“to fear”), whence Khmer ក្រែង (kraeng, “to fear”), Thai เกรง (greeng, “to fear; to worry”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Within Chinese, cognate with 敬 (OC *kreŋs, “to be respectful; to warn”), 警 (OC *kreŋʔ, “to warn; to be on one's guard”) (Schuessler, 2007). A possible vocalic variant is 兢 (jīng, “to be cautious”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): geng1 / ging1
- Hakka
- Eastern Min (BUC): giăng / gĭng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1cin
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄥ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jing
- Wade–Giles: ching1
- Yale: jīng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jing
- Palladius: цзин (czin)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: geng1 / ging1
- Yale: gēng / gīng
- Cantonese Pinyin: geng1 / ging1
- Guangdong Romanization: géng1 / ging1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɛːŋ⁵⁵/, /kɪŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note:
- geng1 - vernacular;
- ging1 - literary.
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiâng
- Hakka Romanization System: giangˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: giang1
- Sinological IPA: /ki̯aŋ²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: giăng / gĭng
- Sinological IPA (key): /kiaŋ⁵⁵/, /kiŋ⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
Note:
- giăng - vernacular;
- gĭng - literary.
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: keⁿ
- Tâi-lô: kenn
- Phofsit Daibuun: kvef
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kẽ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Taipei, Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiⁿ
- Tâi-lô: kinn
- Phofsit Daibuun: kvy
- IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /kĩ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
Note:
- kiaⁿ - vernacular;
- keⁿ/kiⁿ - vernacular (limited use, e.g. 驚蟄);
- keng - literary.
- Middle Chinese: kjaeng
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*kreŋ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*kreŋ/
Definitions
[edit]驚
- to fear; to be afraid
- (of a horse etc.) to be startled; to be shy
- to frighten; to scare
- scary; frightening
- fearfully; I'm afraid that ...
Synonyms
[edit]- (to fear):
- (to frighten):
- 告擾/告扰 (gàorǎo) (formal, humble, polite)
- 吵擾/吵扰 (chǎorǎo)
- 困擾/困扰 (kùnrǎo)
- 干擾 (gānrǎo)
- 打亂/打乱 (dǎluàn)
- 打擾/打扰 (dǎrǎo)
- 打攪/打搅 (dǎjiǎo)
- 搗/捣 (dǎo) (literary, or in compounds)
- 擾亂/扰乱 (rǎoluàn)
- 攪/搅 (jiǎo)
- 攪亂/搅乱 (jiǎoluàn)
- 攪動/搅动 (jiǎodòng)
- 攪吵/搅吵 (Hokkien)
- 攪擾/搅扰 (jiǎorǎo)
- 梟亂/枭乱 (xiāoluàn) (literary)
- 殽亂/淆乱 (xiáoluàn) (literary)
- 煩/烦 (fán)
- 煩擾/烦扰 (fánrǎo)
- 糾紛/纠纷 (jiūfēn) (literary)
- 糾纏/纠缠 (jiūchán)
- 纏/缠 (chán)
- 纏擾/缠扰 (chánrǎo)
- 纏磨/缠磨 (chánmo) (colloquial)
- 纏繞/缠绕 (chánrào)
- 驚動/惊动 (jīngdòng)
Compounds
[edit]- 一座皆驚/一座皆惊
- 一鳴驚人/一鸣惊人 (yīmíngjīngrén)
- 動地驚天/动地惊天
- 動魄驚心/动魄惊心
- 匕鬯不驚/匕鬯不惊 (bǐchàngbùjīng)
- 又驚又喜/又惊又喜 (yòujīngyòuxǐ)
- 受寵若驚/受宠若惊 (shòuchǒngruòjīng)
- 受驚/受惊 (shòujīng)
- 吃驚/吃惊 (chījīng)
- 壓驚/压惊 (yājīng)
- 夜驚症/夜惊症
- 大吃一驚/大吃一惊 (dàchīyījīng)
- 大喫一驚/大吃一惊 (dàchīyījīng)
- 大驚/大惊 (dàjīng)
- 大驚大險/大惊大险
- 大驚失色/大惊失色 (dàjīngshīsè)
- 大驚小怪/大惊小怪 (dàjīngxiǎoguài)
- 天驚石破/天惊石破
- 失驚/失惊 (shījīng)
- 失驚打怪/失惊打怪
- 寵辱不驚/宠辱不惊
- 寵辱無驚/宠辱无惊
- 寵辱若驚/宠辱若惊
- 心驚肉戰/心惊肉战
- 心驚肉跳/心惊肉跳 (xīnjīngròutiào)
- 心驚肉顫/心惊肉颤
- 心驚膽喪/心惊胆丧
- 心驚膽寒/心惊胆寒
- 心驚膽怕/心惊胆怕
- 心驚膽懾/心惊胆慑
- 心驚膽戰/心惊胆战 (xīnjīngdǎnzhàn)
- 心驚膽落/心惊胆落
- 心驚膽跳/心惊胆跳 (xīnjīngdǎntiào)
- 心驚膽顫/心惊胆颤
- 怵目驚心/怵目惊心
- 急驚風/急惊风
- 悚然心驚/悚然心惊
- 慢驚風/慢惊风
- 打失驚/打失惊
- 打張驚兒/打张惊儿
- 打草驚蛇/打草惊蛇 (dǎcǎojīngshé)
- 拍桌驚嘆/拍桌惊叹
- 拍案驚奇/拍案惊奇 (pāi'ànjīngqí)
- 擔驚/担惊
- 擔驚受怕/担惊受怕 (dānjīngshòupà)
- 擔驚受恐/担惊受恐 (dānjīngshòukǒng)
- 收驚/收惊
- 暗吃一驚/暗吃一惊
- 有驚無險/有惊无险 (yǒujīngwúxiǎn)
- 望洋驚嘆/望洋惊叹
- 柳柳驚/柳柳惊
- 步步驚魂/步步惊魂
- 海波不驚/海波不惊
- 浮雲驚龍/浮云惊龙
- 游園驚夢/游园惊梦
- 狗吠之驚/狗吠之惊
- 相驚伯有/相惊伯有
- 矯若驚龍/矫若惊龙
- 石破天驚/石破天惊 (shípòtiānjīng)
- 翩若驚鴻/翩若惊鸿
- 老大吃驚/老大吃惊 (lǎodà chījīng)
- 耽驚動氣/耽惊动气
- 耽驚受怕/耽惊受怕
- 肉跳心驚/肉跳心惊
- 肉顫心驚/肉颤心惊 (ròu chàn xīn jīng)
- 膽喪心驚/胆丧心惊
- 膽戰心驚/胆战心惊 (dǎnzhànxīnjīng)
- 膽顫心驚/胆颤心惊
- 膽驚心顫/胆惊心颤
- 自相驚擾/自相惊扰
- 草木驚心/草木惊心
- 著驚/著惊 (tio̍h-kiaⁿ) (Min Nan)
- 處變不驚/处变不惊 (chǔbiànbùjīng)
- 虛驚/虚惊 (xūjīng)
- 虛驚一場/虚惊一场 (xūjīngyīchǎng)
- 被寵若驚/被宠若惊
- 見慣不驚/见惯不惊
- 觸目驚心/触目惊心 (chùmùjīngxīn)
- 語不驚人/语不惊人
- 貌不驚人/貌不惊人
- 雞犬不驚/鸡犬不惊 (jīquǎnbùjīng)
- 震驚/震惊 (zhènjīng)
- 風鶴魂驚/风鹤魂惊
- 駭浪驚濤/骇浪惊涛
- 驚世駭俗/惊世骇俗 (jīngshìhàisú)
- 驚乍/惊乍
- 驚人/惊人 (jīngrén)
- 驚倒/惊倒
- 驚動/惊动 (jīngdòng)
- 驚厥/惊厥 (jīngjué)
- 驚呼/惊呼 (jīnghū)
- 驚喜/惊喜 (jīngxǐ)
- 驚喜交加/惊喜交加
- 驚嘆/惊叹 (jīngtàn)
- 驚嘆號/惊叹号 (jīngtànhào)
- 驚嚇/惊吓 (jīngxià)
- 驚坐/惊坐
- 驚堂/惊堂
- 驚堂木/惊堂木 (jīngtángmù)
- 驚塵/惊尘
- 驚天動地/惊天动地 (jīngtiāndòngdì)
- 驚奇/惊奇 (jīngqí)
- 驚奇駭異/惊奇骇异
- 驚弓之鳥/惊弓之鸟 (jīnggōngzhīniǎo)
- 驚張/惊张
- 驚心/惊心 (jīngxīn)
- 驚心動魄/惊心动魄 (jīngxīndòngpò)
- 驚怪/惊怪 (jīngguài)
- 驚怕/惊怕
- 驚怖/惊怖 (jīngbù)
- 驚恐/惊恐 (jīngkǒng)
- 驚恐萬分/惊恐万分
- 驚惋/惊惋
- 驚悸/惊悸 (jīngjì)
- 驚愕/惊愕 (jīng'è)
- 驚惶/惊惶 (jīnghuáng)
- 驚惶失措/惊惶失措 (jīnghuáng shīcuò)
- 驚慌/惊慌 (jīnghuāng)
- 驚慌失措/惊慌失措 (jīnghuāngshīcuò)
- 驚慌失色/惊慌失色
- 驚懼/惊惧 (jīngjù)
- 驚才絕豔/惊才绝艳
- 驚擾/惊扰 (jīngrǎo)
- 驚服/惊服
- 驚歎/惊叹 (jīngtàn)
- 驚死/惊死 (kiaⁿ-sí) (Hokkien)
- 驚汗/惊汗
- 驚湍/惊湍
- 驚濤拍岸/惊涛拍岸
- 驚濤駭浪/惊涛骇浪 (jīngtāohàilàng)
- 驚為天人/惊为天人 (jīngwéitiānrén)
- 驚異/惊异 (jīngyì)
- 驚疑/惊疑 (jīngyí)
- 驚疑不定/惊疑不定
- 驚癇/惊痫
- 驚神未定/惊神未定
- 驚羨/惊羡
- 驚耳/惊耳 (jīng'ěr)
- 驚蛇入草/惊蛇入草
- 驚蟄/惊蛰 (Jīngzhé)
- 驚覺/惊觉 (jīngjué)
- 驚訝/惊讶 (jīngyà)
- 驚詫/惊诧 (jīngchà)
- 驚誑/惊诳
- 驚諕/惊𬤀
- 驚豔/惊艳 (jīngyàn)
- 驚走/惊走
- 驚輸/惊输 (kiaⁿ-su) (Hokkien)
- 驚遽/惊遽
- 驚醒/惊醒
- 驚閨/惊闺
- 驚閨葉/惊闺叶
- 驚險/惊险 (jīngxiǎn)
- 驚險百出/惊险百出
- 驚青/惊青
- 驚顧不遑/惊顾不遑
- 驚風/惊风 (jīngfēng)
- 驚風駭浪/惊风骇浪
- 驚駕/惊驾
- 驚駭/惊骇 (jīnghài)
- 驚魂/惊魂 (jīnghún)
- 驚鴻/惊鸿 (jīnghóng)
- 驚鴻一瞥/惊鸿一瞥
- 骨顫肉驚/骨颤肉惊
- 魚驚鳥散/鱼惊鸟散
- 鳥驚魚潰/鸟惊鱼溃
Descendants
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: gem1 / geng1
- Cantonese Pinyin: gem1 / geng1
- Guangdong Romanization: gém1 / géng1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɛːm⁵⁵/, /kɛːŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Noun
[edit]驚
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]驚
- wonder
- be surprised
- frightened
- amazed
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: きょう (kyō, Jōyō)←きゃう (kyau, historical)
- Kan-on: けい (kei)
- Kun: おどろく (odoroku, 驚く, Jōyō); おどろかす (odorokasu, 驚かす, Jōyō)
- Nanori: みはる (miharu)
Derived terms
[edit]Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]驚 (eumhun 놀랄 경 (nollal gyeong))
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Categories:
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Han phono-semantic compounds
- Mandarin terms with audio links
- Cantonese terms with audio links
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese hanzi
- Mandarin hanzi
- Cantonese hanzi
- Hakka hanzi
- Eastern Min hanzi
- Hokkien hanzi
- Teochew hanzi
- Wu hanzi
- Middle Chinese hanzi
- Old Chinese hanzi
- Chinese verbs
- Mandarin verbs
- Cantonese verbs
- Hakka verbs
- Eastern Min verbs
- Hokkien verbs
- Teochew verbs
- Wu verbs
- Middle Chinese verbs
- Old Chinese verbs
- Chinese adjectives
- Mandarin adjectives
- Cantonese adjectives
- Hakka adjectives
- Eastern Min adjectives
- Hokkien adjectives
- Teochew adjectives
- Wu adjectives
- Middle Chinese adjectives
- Old Chinese adjectives
- Chinese adverbs
- Mandarin adverbs
- Cantonese adverbs
- Hakka adverbs
- Eastern Min adverbs
- Hokkien adverbs
- Teochew adverbs
- Wu adverbs
- Middle Chinese adverbs
- Old Chinese adverbs
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 驚
- Cantonese terms with usage examples
- Cantonese terms borrowed from English
- Cantonese terms derived from English
- Chinese nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Hong Kong Cantonese
- Chinese internet slang
- Chinese neologisms
- Chinese nouns classified by 隻/只
- Intermediate Mandarin
- zh:Fear
- Japanese kanji
- Japanese jōyō kanji
- Japanese kanji with goon reading きょう
- Japanese kanji with historical goon reading きゃう
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading けい
- Japanese kanji with kun reading おどろ・く
- Japanese kanji with kun reading おどろ・かす
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading みはる
- Korean lemmas
- Korean hanja
- Korean hanja forms
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters