par

See also Par, PAR, Pär, pár, păr, pār, par-, and pār-

English

Etymology 1

Abbreviation.

Abbreviation

par

1. paragraph
2. parallel
3. parenthesis
4. parish

Etymology 2

From French par (“through, by”), from Latin per (“through”).

Pronunciation

• (RP) IPA: /pɑː/
• (US) IPA: /pɑɹ/, [pʰɑɹ], [pʰɑ˞]

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)

Preposition

par

1. By; with.

Usage notes

• Used frequently in Middle English in phrases taken from French, being sometimes written as a part of the word which it governs; as, par amour, or paramour; par cas, or parcase; par fay, or parfay.

Noun

par (plural pars)

1. Equal value; equality of nominal and actual value; the value expressed on the face or in the words of a certificate of value, as a bond or other commercial paper.
2. Equality of condition or circumstances.
3. (golf, mostly uncountable) The allotted number of strokes to reach the hole.

   He needs to make this shot for par.

4. (golf, countable) A hole in which a player achieves par
   • 2009 January 18, “Paul Casey storms to four-stroke lead in Abu Dhabi”:

     Kaymer started with six straight pars before making a birdie on the seventh and an eagle on the eighth.

5. Young salmon (also spelled parr)

Derived terms

terms derived from par (noun)

below par on a par with par for the course

under par up to par

Verb

par (third-person singular simple present pars, present participle parring, simple past and past participle parred)

1. (transitive, golf) To reach the hole in the allotted number of strokes.

   He will need to par every hole in order to win this game.

Anagrams

• APR, Apr., apr, ARP, arp, RAP, rap

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Ambonese Malay

Preposition

par

1. for

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Aromanian

Alternative forms

• paru, ampar, apar, aparu

Etymology 1

From Latin pāreō. Compare Daco-Romanian părea, par.

Noun

par

1. I seem, appear.

Derived terms

• pãreare/pãreari

See also

• undzescu

Etymology 2

From Latin pālus. Compare Daco-Romanian par.

Noun

par

1. stake

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Danish

Etymology 1

From late Old Norse par, from Middle Low German par, from Latin pār.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /par/, [pʰɑ]

Noun

par n (singular definite parret, plural indefinite par)

1. pair
2. couple

Inflection

    Inflection of par

neuter gender	Singular		Plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative, dative and accusative	par	parret	par	parrene
genitive	pars	parrets	pars	parrenes

Etymology 2

From English par.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /paːr/, [pʰɑː]

Noun

par c

1. (golf) par (the allotted number of strokes to reach the hole)

Etymology 3

See parre.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /paːr/, [pʰɑːˀ]

Verb

par

1. imperative of parre

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Faroese

Etymology

From late Old Norse par, from Middle Low German par, from Latin pār.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /pʰɛaːɹ/

  Rhymes: -ɛaːɹ

Noun

par n (genitive singular pars, plural pør)

1. pair

Declension

n5	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	par	parið	pør	pørini
Accusative	par	parið	pør	pørini
Dative	pari	parinum	pørum	pørunum
Genitive	pars	parsins	para	paranna

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French

Etymology

From Latin per

Pronunciation

• audio

  (file)

• IPA: /paʁ/, X-SAMPA: /paR/

Preposition

par

1. through

   par la fenêtre

   through the window

   aller par le parc

   go through the park

2. by (used to introduce a means)

   voyager par train

   travel by train

   par surprise

   By surprise

3. over (used to express direction)

   Viens par ici !

   Come over here!

4. from (used to describe the origin of something, especially a view or movement)

   voir par devant

   see from the back

   le liquide est arrivé par le robinet

   the liquid arrived from the tap

5. around, round (inside of)

   par tout le cinéma

   all around the cinema

6. on (situated on, used in certain phrase)

   par terre

   on the ground

7. on, at, in (used to denote a time something occurs)

   par un beau jour

   on a nice day

   par un soir

   in one evening

8. in

   marcher par deux

   walk in twos

9. per, a, an

   trois fois par semaine

   three times a week

10. out of (used to describe the reason for something)

    par pure colère

    out of pure angry

    par tristesse

    out of sadness

11. for
12. by (used to introduce the agent in a passive construction)

    le bateau est attaqué par les pirates. - the boat is [being] attacked by pirates.

Derived terms

• de par
• par ici
• par là

Noun

par m (plural pars)

1. (golf) par

Anagrams

• rap

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Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA: /pʰaːr/
• Rhymes: -aːr

Etymology 1

From Middle Low German par, from Latin pār (“equal”).

Noun

par n

1. pair
2. a couple, two people who are dating
3. (poker) pair

Declension

declension of par

n-s	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	par	parið	pör	pörin
accusative	par	parið	pör	pörin
dative	pari	parinu	pörum	pörunum
genitive	pars	parsins	para	paranna

Synonyms

• (pair): tvenna

Etymology 2

From English par.

Noun

par n

1. (golf) par

Declension

declension of par

n-s	singular
	indefinite	definite
nominative	par	parið
accusative	par	parið
dative	pari	parinu
genitive	pars	parsins

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Kurdish

Noun

par f

1. share, part

Etymology

From *p- + *ar-, cognate with Avestan  (yārə-, “year”), English year, all from Proto-Indo-European *yeh₁r- (“year”).

Noun

par f

1. last year

Adverb

par

1. last year

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Latin

Etymology

Proto-Indo-European *per (“exchange”). Cognates include the Ancient Greek πέρνημι, πιπράσκω, and πόρνη, and the Lithuanian pirkti.

Adjective

pār m, f, n, (genitive paris); third declension

1. equal
2. like
3. suitable

Inflection

Third declension, variation of one ending (3:1E).

Number	Singular			Plural
Case \ Gender	M.F.	N.		MM.FF.	NN.
nominative	pār	pār		parēs	paria
genitive	paris	paris		parium	parium
dative	parī	parī		paribus	paribus
accusative	parem	pār		parēs	paria
ablative	parī	parī		paribus	paribus
vocative	pār	pār		parēs	paria

Derived terms

• cēterīs pāribus

See also

• aequus
• similis

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Latvian

Preposition

par (with accusative)

1. about, on
2. than
3. for (price)
4. as

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Lojban

Rafsi

par

1. rafsi of cpare.

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Middle French

Conjunction

par

1. by (introduces an agent)
   • 1532, François Rabelais, Pantagruel:

     Comment Epistemon qui avoit la teste tranchée, fut guery habillement par Panurge.

     How Epistemon who had his head cut off was adroitly cured by Panurge

     .

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Old French

Conjunction

par

1. by; via (introduces a medium)
   • Chrétien de Troyes, Érec et Énide, circa 1170:

     Tost m'oceïst par son orguel.

     Soon, he killed with his pride.

2. because of; due to (introduces a medium)
   • Chrétien de Troyes, Érec et Énide, circa 1170:

     Premiers sont au mostier venu,
     La furent par devocion

     The first ones came to the minster,
     they were there to pray

3. by
   • Chrétien de Troyes, Érec et Énide, circa 1170:

     L'une a l'autre par la main prise,

     They took each other by the hand

4. by; through; across
   • Chrétien de Troyes, Érec et Énide, circa 1170:

     Li cheval par le chanp s'an fuient.

     The horses fled through the field

5. by (introduces an exclamation)
   • Chrétien de Troyes, Érec et Énide, circa 1170:

     "Sire, par Deu et par sa croiz!

     "Sire! By God and by his cross!"

Descendants

• French: par

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Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA: /paʁ/, X-SAMPA: /paR/

Noun

par m (plural pares)

1. A pair.
2. A couple.
3. (golf) par.

Adjective

par m and f (plural pares; uncomparable)

1. (number) even.

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Romanian

Etymology 1

From Latin pālus (“stake”).

Noun

par m (plural pari)

1. stake

Related terms

• împăra

See also

• țeapă

Etymology 2

Form of părea.

Verb

par

1. first-person singular present tense form of părea.
2. first-person singular subjunctive form of părea.
3. third-person plural present tense form of părea.

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Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Latin pār (“equal, like”).

Pronunciation

• IPA: /pâːr/

Noun

pȃr m (Cyrillic spelling па̑р)

1. pair, couple

Declension

    declension of par

	singular	plural
nominative	pȃr	pȁrovi
genitive	para	parova
dative	paru	parovima
accusative	par	parove
vocative	pare	parovi
locative	paru	parovima
instrumental	parom	parovima

Derived terms

• pȃran

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Slovene

Noun

par m inan.

1. couple (two partners)

This Slovene entry was created from the translations listed at couple. It may be less reliable than other entries, and may be missing parts of speech or additional senses. Please also see par in the Slovene Wiktionary. This notice will be removed when the entry is checked. (more information) May 2009

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Spanish

Etymology

From Latin pār (“equal, like”).

Adjective

par m and f (plural pares)

1. even

Noun

par m (plural pares)

1. pair
2. (physics) two equal non-collinear forces

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Swedish

Pronunciation

• audio

  (file)

Noun

par n

1. a pair, a couple (either two or a few of something)
2. a couple, two people who are dating

Declension

Declension of par

	singular		plural
Neuter	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	par	paret	par	paren
genitive	pars	parets	pars	parens

Related terms

• para
• parmiddag
• parrelation

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Venetian

Alternative forms

• paro
• pèr

Etymology

Compare Italian paio

Noun

par m (plural pari)

1. pair