戒

See also: 戎

戒 U+6212, 戒 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6212 ← 我 [U+6211] CJK Unified Ideographs 戓 → [U+6213]

Translingual

Han character

戒 (Kangxi radical 62, 戈+3, 7 strokes, cangjie input 戈廿 (IT), four-corner 5340₀, composition ⿹戈廾)

Derived characters

• 械, 誡

See also

• 賊

References

• KangXi: page 412, character 5
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11548
• Dae Jaweon: page 754, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1400, character 5
• Unihan data for U+6212

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		戒

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 戒
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (戒) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
祴	*kɯː
駴	*ɡrɯːʔ
戒	*krɯːɡs
誡	*krɯːɡs
悈	*krɯːɡs, *kɯɡ
械	*ɡrɯːɡs
裓	*kɯːɡ

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 戈 (“halberd”) + 廾 (“hands”) – to hold up a weapon as warning.

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): jiè (jie⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄝˋ

  (Chengdu, SP): jiai⁴

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gaai³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kie / kiai
• Min Bei (KCR): ga̿i
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): kài

  (Teochew, Peng'im): gai³

• Wu (Wiktionary): ka (T2); jia (T2)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jiè
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄝˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jiè
    • Wade–Giles: chieh⁴
    • Yale: jyè
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jieh
    • Palladius: цзе (cze)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕjɛ⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: jiai⁴
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: giai
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiɛi²¹³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: gaai³
    • Yale: gaai
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gaai³
    • Guangdong Romanization: gai³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaːi̯³³/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kie
    • Hakka Romanization System: gie
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gie⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /ki̯e⁵⁵/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiai
    • Hakka Romanization System: giai
    • Hagfa Pinyim: giai⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /ki̯ai̯⁵⁵/
• Min Bei
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ga̿i
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kai³³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kài
    • Tâi-lô: kài
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kaix
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kai²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kai⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kai²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kai¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kai²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: gai³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kài
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kai²¹³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: ka (T2); jia (T2)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ka̱³⁴/, /t͡ɕia̱³⁴/

Note:

• 2ka - vernacular;
• 2jia - literary.

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• Middle Chinese: /kˠɛi^H/

Rime
Character	戒
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	皆 (33)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	古拜切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠɛiH/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚæiH/
Shao Rongfen	/kɐiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kəɨjH/
Li Rong	/kɛiH/
Wang Li	/kɐiH/
Bernard Karlgren	/kăiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiè
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gaai3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*kˤrək-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*krɯːɡs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	戒
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jiè
Middle Chinese	‹ kɛjH ›
Old Chinese	/*kˁrək-s/ (~ kˁrək)
English	be on guard
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	戒
Reading #	1/1
No.	6544
Phonetic component	戒
Rime group	代
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	誡
Old Chinese	/*krɯːɡs/

Definitions

戒

1. to warn; to caution; to admonish
2. to guard against; to forbid
3. to give up; to quit (a bad habit)

   • 神如何做出這種吸引　我愛你已開始變成癮　我戒不到這種興奮 [Literary Cantonese, trad.]
     神如何做出这种吸引　我爱你已开始变成瘾　我戒不到这种兴奋 [Literary Cantonese, simp.]

     From: 2021, 張天賦 [Michael Cheung], 反對無效 [Overruled]

     san⁴ jyu⁴ ho⁴ zou⁶ ceot¹ ze² zung² kap¹ jan⁵, ngo⁵ oi³ nei⁵ ji⁵ hoi¹ ci² bin³ sing⁴ jan⁵, ngo⁵ gaai³ bat¹ dou³ ze² zung² hing¹ fan⁵ [Jyutping]

     How did God create this kind of attraction? My love for you has started to become an addiction. I cannot give this excitement up.

4. (archaic) to fast; to purify oneself
5. (Buddhism) rules governing behavior; precepts
6. (archaic) to command; to order
7. (literary) careful; cautious
8. Short for 戒指 (jièzhi, “ring”).

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 戒 (“to give up; to quit”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		戒
Mandarin	Taiwan	戒
	Xi'an	戒
	Yangzhou	戒
Cantonese	Guangzhou	戒
	Hong Kong	戒
Gan	Nanchang	戒
Hakka	Meixian	戒
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	戒
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	戒
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	戒
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	戒
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	戒
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	改
Huizhou	Jixi	戒
Min Nan	Xiamen	改
	Quanzhou	改
	Zhangzhou	改
	Tainan	改

Compounds

Derived terms from 戒

• 三戒
• 不戒
• 五戒 (wǔjiè)
• 作持戒
• 儆戒
• 八戒 (bājiè)
• 具戒
• 具足戒
• 力戒 (lìjiè)
• 勒戒 (lèjiè)
• 十戒 (shíjiè)
• 受戒
• 告戒
• 天戒 (tiānjiè)
• 小乘戒
• 履霜之戒
• 幽冥戒
• 懿戒
• 戒具
• 戒刀
• 戒勉
• 戒口 (jièkǒu)
• 戒尺 (jièchǐ)
• 戒律 (jièlǜ)
• 戒心 (jièxīn)
• 戒忌
• 戒惕
• 戒慎
• 戒指 (jièzhi)
• 戒掉
• 戒敕
• 戒方 (jièfāng)
• 戒旦
• 戒毒 (jièdú)

• 戒法
• 戒牒
• 戒相
• 戒石
• 戒行 (jièxíng)
• 戒酒 (jièjiǔ)
• 戒除 (jièchú)
• 持戒
• 敕戒
• 止持戒
• 法戒
• 犯戒 (fànjiè)
• 省戒
• 破戒 (pòjiè)
• 禁戒
• 色戒
• 警戒 (jǐngjiè)
• 警戒色
• 酒戒
• 傳戒／传戒
• 勸善戒惡／劝善戒恶
• 勸戒／劝戒
• 引以為戒／引以为戒 (yǐnyǐwéijiè)
• 後車之戒／后车之戒
• 懲一戒百／惩一戒百
• 懲戒／惩戒 (chéngjiè)
• 懲戒處分／惩戒处分
• 戒備／戒备 (jièbèi)
• 戒嚴／戒严 (jièyán)
• 戒嚴令／戒严令 (jièyánlìng)
• 戒嚴法／戒严法
• 戒塗／戒涂
• 戒壇／戒坛
• 戒懼／戒惧 (jièjù)

• 戒書／戒书
• 戒條／戒条
• 戒絕／戒绝
• 戒臘／戒腊
• 戒菸／戒烟
• 戒葷／戒荤
• 戒誨／戒诲
• 戒護／戒护
• 戒賭／戒赌 (jièdǔ)
• 戒飭／戒饬 (jièchì)
• 戒驕戒躁／戒骄戒躁
• 戒體／戒体
• 持滿戒盈／持满戒盈
• 持齋受戒／持斋受戒
• 摩頂受戒／摩顶受戒
• 殺戒／杀戒 (shājiè)
• 清規戒律／清规戒律
• 結婚戒指／结婚戒指 (jiéhūn jièzhi)
• 菩薩戒／菩萨戒
• 覆車之戒／覆车之戒
• 覆車當戒／覆车当戒
• 規戒／规戒
• 說戒／说戒
• 諄諄告戒／谆谆告戒
• 警戒線／警戒线 (jǐngjièxiàn)
• 豬八戒／猪八戒 (Zhū Bājiè)
• 鏡戒／镜戒
• 鑑戒／鉴戒
• 鑒戒／鉴戒 (jiànjiè)
• 鑽戒／钻戒 (zuànjiè)
• 開戒／开戒
• 齋戒／斋戒 (zhāijiè)
• 齋戒沐浴／斋戒沐浴 (zhāijièmùyù)

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 戒 – see 誡 (“to warn; to admonish; to caution; to take precautions; to guard against; etc.”). (This character, 戒, is the second-round simplified form of 誡.)

Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

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Japanese

Kanji

戒

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. commandment

Readings

• Go-on: け (ke)
• Kan-on: かい (kai, Jōyō)
• Kun: いましめる (imashimeru, 戒める, Jōyō)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
戒
かい Grade: S
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 戒 (MC kˠɛi^H).

Pronunciation

• On’yomi
• (Tokyo) か​い [káꜜì] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ka̠i]

Noun

戒(かい) • (kai) 

1. precept, commandment

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 戒告(かいこく) (kaikoku)
• 十戒(じっかい) (jikkai)
• 教戒(きょうかい) (kyōkai)
• 訓戒(くんかい) (kunkai)

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Korean

Hanja

戒 (eumhun 경계할 계 (gyeonggyehal gye))

1. Hanja form^? of 계 (“caution, warn”).

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Vietnamese

Han character

戒: Hán Nôm readings: giới

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.