梨
Translingual
Han character
梨 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 竹弓木 (HND) or 難竹弓木 (XHND), four-corner 22904, composition ⿱利木)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 530, character 12
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14873
- Dae Jaweon: page 918, character 10
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1215, character 10
- Unihan data for U+68A8
Chinese
trad. | 梨 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 梨 |
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 梨 | |
---|---|
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *ril) : phonetic 利 (OC *rids) + semantic 木.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): lei4 / lei4-2
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): lì
- Eastern Min (BUC): lì / lài
- Southern Min
- Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): 6li
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: lí
- Wade–Giles: li2
- Yale: lí
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: li
- Palladius: ли (li)
- Sinological IPA (key): /li³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: lei4 / lei4-2
- Yale: lèih / léi
- Cantonese Pinyin: lei4 / lei4-2
- Guangdong Romanization: léi4 / léi4-2
- Sinological IPA (key): /lei̯²¹/, /lei̯²¹⁻³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lì
- Hakka Romanization System: liˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: li2
- Sinological IPA: /li¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: lì / lài
- Sinological IPA (key): /l̃i⁵³/, /l̃ai⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- lì - “pear”;
- lài - used in 黃梨.
- lâi - vernacular;
- lê - literary.
- Middle Chinese: lij
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.r[ə][j]/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ril/
Definitions
- pear
- † (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 剺 (lí, “to cut”).
Synonyms
Compounds
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Japanese
Kanji
Readings
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
---|
梨 |
なし Grade: 4 |
kun’yomi |
From Old Japanese [Term?]. Derivation unclear, with numerous theories. Two of the more common are given below.
- May be originally a compound of 中 (na, “middle, center”, hypothesized root of modern naka) + 白 (shiro, “white”) in reference to the pale flesh of the fruit.
- */na ɕiro/ → /naɕi/
- Alternatively, may be originally a compound of 中 (na, “middle, center”, hypothesized root of modern naka) + 酢 (su, “sour, acidic”) in reference to the way the flavor of the fruit becomes more astringent closer to the core.
- */na su/ → /naɕi/
Pronunciation
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Alternative forms
Noun
- a pear tree
- a pear (the fruit)
- more specifically, the Japanese pear(Please check if this is already defined at target. Replace
{{vern}}
with a regular link if already defined. Add novern=1 if not defined.) or Asian pear, Pyrus pyrifolia
Derived terms
- 梨河豚 (nashifugu): the pear puffer: Lua error in Module:taxlink at line 68: Parameter "noshow" is not used by this template., syn. Lua error in Module:taxlink at line 68: Parameter "noshow" is not used by this template.
- 梨子地 (nashiji), 梨地 (nashiji): nashiji, a lacquering technique using gold or silver powder or flakes
- 青梨 (ao nashi): a Harbin pear, Ussurian pear, Chinese pear(Please check if this is already defined at target. Replace
{{vern}}
with a regular link if already defined. Add novern=1 if not defined.): Lua error in Module:taxlink at line 68: Parameter "noshow" is not used by this template. - 玄圃梨 (kenpo nashi): the Japanese raisin tree: Lua error in Module:taxlink at line 68: Parameter "noshow" is not used by this template.
- 猿梨 (saru nashi): the hardy kiwi, kiwi berry or tara vine: Lua error in Module:taxlink at line 68: Parameter "noshow" is not used by this template.
- 西洋梨 (seiyō nashi): the European or Western pear: Pyrus communis
- 浜梨 (hama nashi): the rugosa rose, Japanese rose(Please check if this is already defined at target. Replace
{{vern}}
with a regular link if already defined. Add novern=1 if not defined.), or Ramanas rose: Lua error in Module:taxlink at line 68: Parameter "noshow" is not used by this template. - 山梨 (yama nashi): the wild nashi or wild Japanese pear: Lua error in Module:taxlink at line 68: Parameter "noshow" is not used by this template.
- 山梨県 (Yamanashi-ken): Yamanashi prefecture
- 洋梨 (yōnashi): the European or Western pear: Pyrus communis
- 鰐梨 (wani nashi): the avocado or alligator pear: Persea americana
Usage notes
As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ナシ.
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term |
---|
梨 |
り Grade: 4 |
on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 梨 (*li). Compare modern Mandarin reading lí.
Pronunciation
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Affix
- a pear tree
- a pear (the fruit)
- more specifically, the Japanese pear(Please check if this is already defined at target. Replace
{{vern}}
with a regular link if already defined. Add novern=1 if not defined.) or Asian pear, Pyrus pyrifolia
Derived terms
Etymology 3
Kanji in this term |
---|
梨 |
りん Grade: 4 |
kan’yōon |
Alteration of ri reading.
/ri/ → /rin/
Pronunciation
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Affix
Derived terms
- 花梨 (karin) the Burmese rosewood, angsana, amboyna: Pterocarpus indicus; the flowering quince: Lua error in Module:taxlink at line 68: Parameter "noshow" is not used by this template.; the Chinese quince(Please check if this is already defined at target. Replace
{{vern}}
with a regular link if already defined. Add novern=1 if not defined.): Lua error in Module:taxlink at line 68: Parameter "noshow" is not used by this template.; the quince: Cydonia oblonga
References
Korean
Hanja
梨 • (ri>i) (hangeul 리>이, revised ri>i, McCune–Reischauer ri>i, Yale li>i)
- pear
Vietnamese
Han character
(deprecated template usage) 梨 (lê, lệ)
- pear
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Han script characters
- Han phono-semantic compounds
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Eastern Min nouns
- Hokkien nouns
- Teochew nouns
- Wu nouns
- Chinese verbs
- Mandarin verbs
- Cantonese verbs
- Hakka verbs
- Eastern Min verbs
- Hokkien verbs
- Teochew verbs
- Wu verbs
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese Han characters
- Chinese terms with obsolete senses
- zh:Fruits
- Elementary Mandarin
- Japanese Han characters
- Grade 4 kanji
- Japanese kanji with goon reading り
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading り
- Japanese kanji with kan'yōon reading りん
- Japanese kanji with kun reading なし
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading か
- Japanese terms spelled with 梨 read as なし
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Japanese compound terms
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji
- Japanese terms written with one Han script character
- Japanese terms spelled with 梨
- Japanese single-kanji terms
- Japanese terms spelled with 梨 read as り
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese affixes
- Japanese terms spelled with 梨 read as りん
- Japanese basic words
- ja:Fruits
- Korean lemmas
- Korean Han characters
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters