眾

See also: 众 and 衆

Translingual

Japanese	衆
Simplified	众
Traditional	眾

Han character

眾 (Kangxi radical 109, 目+6, 11 strokes, cangjie input 田中人人人 (WLOOO), four-corner 2723₂, composition ⿱罒⿲人亻人)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 807, character 15
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23321
• Dae Jaweon: page 1223, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2917, character 4
• Unihan data for U+773E

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Chinese

trad.		眾/衆
simp.		众*
alternative forms		乑 㐺 𥅫 𠱧 𠱦

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 眾
Shang	Western Zhou
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions

Characters in the same phonetic series (眾) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
潨	*zloːŋ, *zluːŋ, *tjuŋ
眾	*tjuŋ, *tjuŋs

Pictogram (象形) : a sun (日) above three humans (㐺) – people gathered or working under the sun.

The top, originally 日 (“sun”) in oracle script has been modified, in bronze script resembling instead a horizontal eye (early form of 目) – reinterpreted as “a crowd under someone’s gaze”, and now resembles 罒.

The bottom, originally three figures (人人人), uses various forms of 人 and 亻, with variation depending on font.

Etymology 1

Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-toŋ (“thousand”) (Peiros and Starostin, 1996; STEDT); if so, cognate with Tibetan སྟོང (stong, “thousand”), Burmese ထောင် (htaung, “thousand”), Drung tu (“thousand”), Nuosu ꄙ (dur, “thousand”).

Alternatively, Schuessler (2007) compares this word with Classical Tibetan [script needed] (yong, “in all, at all times, ever before”) and Tibetan ཡོངས (yongs, “all, whole”).

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 眾

1. masses; people; multitude; crowd; everyone
2. ^† everything; all matters
3. ^† all the government officials
4. ^† soldier; army; troops
5. ^† slave labour in agriculture
6. (Buddhism) number of monks
7. many; numerous

   Template:zh-syn

   Template:zh-ant

   • 眾天使都站在寶座和眾長老並四活物的周圍，在寶座前，面伏於地，敬拜神 [MSC, trad.]
     众天使都站在宝座和众长老并四活物的周围，在宝座前，面伏于地，敬拜神 [MSC, simp.]

     From: (deprecated template usage) 新標點和合本 (Chinese Union Version with New Punctuation), 啟示錄 (Revelation) 7:11

     Zhòng tiānshǐ dōu zhàn zài bǎozuò hé zhòng zhǎnglǎo bìng sì huówù de zhōuwéi, zài bǎozuò qián, miàn fú yú dì, jìngbài Shén [Pinyin]

     And all the angels stood round about the throne, and about the elders and the four beasts, and fell before the throne on their faces, and worshipped God

8. ^† various; different
9. ^† general; common
10. 32nd tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "legion" (𝌥)
11. a surname

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (衆／众):

• → Japanese: 衆(しゅう) (shū)
• → Vietnamese: chúng (眾)

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhōng (zhong¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄥ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zung¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhōng
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhong
    • Wade–Giles: chung¹
    • Yale: jūng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jong
    • Palladius: чжун (čžun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zung¹
    • Yale: jūng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzung¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: zung¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: tsyuwng

Rime
Character	眾
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	東 (2)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	職戎切
Baxter	tsyuwng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕɨuŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕiuŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕiuŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cuwŋ/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiuŋ/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭuŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯uŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhōng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zung1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*tjuŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	眾
Reading #	1/2
No.	17489
Phonetic component	衆
Rime group	終
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	終
Old Chinese	/*tjuŋ/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 眾

1. ^† glutinous millet

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Japanese

Kanji

眾

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: しゅ (shu)^{←しゆ (syu, historical)}、す (su)
• Kan-on: しゅう (shū)^{←しゆう (syuu, historical)}
• Kun: おおい (ōi, 眾い)^{←おほい (ofoi, 眾い, historical)}

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Korean

Hanja

眾 • (jung) (hangeul 중, revised jung, McCune–Reischauer chung, Yale cwung)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 眾 (chúng)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.