銀

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See also: 银 and 鋃

Template:character info/new

Translingual

Han character

銀 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+6, 14 strokes, cangjie input 金日女 (CAV), four-corner 87132, composition ⿰金艮)

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1303, character 25
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40355
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1805, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4202, character 18
  • Unihan data for U+9280

Chinese

trad. 銀
simp. 银
Chemical element
Ag
Previous: 鈀／钯 (Pd)
Next: 鎘／镉 (Cd)
Wikipedia has an article on:

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 銀
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (艮) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
艱 *krɯːn
齦 *kʰrɯːnʔ, *kʰɯːnʔ, *ŋɯn
眼 *ŋrɯːnʔ
蛝 *ɡrɯːn
限 *ɡrɯːnʔ
硍 *ɡrɯːnʔ
豤 *kʰɯːnʔ, *kʰɯːnʔ, *kʰuːn
詪 *ɡlɯːnʔ, *kɯːnʔ, *kɯːns
根 *kɯːn
跟 *kɯːn
珢 *kɯːn, *kɯːns, *ŋrɯn
艮 *kɯːns
茛 *kɯːns
墾 *kʰɯːnʔ
懇 *kʰɯːnʔ
垠 *ŋɯːn, *ŋrɯn, *ŋɯn
泿 *ŋɯːn, *ŋrɯn
痕 *ɡɯːn
拫 *ɡɯːn
鞎 *ɡɯːn
很 *ɡɯːnʔ
恨 *ɡɯːns
銀 *ŋrɯn
檭 *ŋrɯn

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋrɯn) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 艮 (OC *kɯːns).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ŋul ~ (d-)ŋur. Cognate with Tibetan དངུལ (dngul), Burmese ငွေ (ngwe).

Pronunciation

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 銀
Mandarin Beijing /in³⁵/
Harbin /in²⁴/
Tianjin /in⁴⁵/
Jinan /iẽ⁴²/
Qingdao /iə̃⁴²/
Zhengzhou /in⁴²/
Xi'an /iẽ²⁴/
Xining /iə̃²⁴/
Yinchuan /iŋ⁵³/
Lanzhou /ĩn⁵³/
Ürümqi /iŋ⁵¹/
Wuhan /in²¹³/
Chengdu /in³¹/
Guiyang /in²¹/
Kunming /ĩ¹/
Nanjing /in²⁴/
Hefei /in⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /iəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /ȵiŋ¹³/
Hohhot /ĩŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ȵiŋ²³/
Suzhou /ȵin¹³/
Hangzhou /ȵin²¹³/
Wenzhou /ȵaŋ³¹/
Hui Shexian /niʌ̃⁴⁴/
Tunxi /ȵin⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /in¹³/
Xiangtan /ȵin¹²/
Gan Nanchang /ȵin⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /ŋiun¹¹/
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou /ŋɐn²¹/
Nanning /ŋɐn²¹/
Hong Kong /ŋɐn²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /gun³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /ŋyŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /ŋœyŋ³³/
Shantou (Teochew) /ŋɯŋ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /ŋin³¹/
Rime
Character 銀
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 疑 (31)
Final (韻) 眞 (44)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 語巾切
Baxter ngin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ŋˠiɪn/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ŋᵚin/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ŋien/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ŋjin/
Li
Rong 		/ŋjĕn/
Wang
Li 		/ŋǐĕn/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ŋi̯ĕn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yín
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		ngan4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 銀
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		yín
Middle
Chinese 		‹ ngin ›
Old
Chinese 		/*ŋrə[n]/
English silver

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 銀
Reading # 1/1
No. 3939
Phonetic
component 		艮
Rime
group 		文
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		銀
Old
Chinese 		/*ŋrɯn/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 銀

  1. silver (metal)
    白銀／白银  ―  báiyín  ―  silver
  2. silver (colour)
  3. made of silver
  4. money; cash
    銀仔／银仔 [Cantonese]  ―  ngan4-2 zai2 [Jyutping]  ―  coins
  5. a surname

Compounds

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Descendants

Sino-Xenic (銀):
  • → Japanese: 銀(ぎん) (gin)
  • → Okinawan: 銀(じん) (jin)
  • → Korean: 은(銀) (eun)
  • → Vietnamese: ngân (銀)

Others:

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(deprecated template usage)

Japanese

Kanji

銀

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
銀
ぎん
Grade: 3
kan’on
Chemical element
Ag
Previous: パラジウム (parajiumu) (パラジウム (parajiumu)) (Pd)
Next: カドミウム (kadomiumu) (カドミウム (kadomiumu)) (Cd)
Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

From Middle Chinese 銀 (MC ngin).

Pronunciation

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Noun

銀(ぎん) • (gin) 

  1. silver (lustrous, white, metallic element; symbol Ag)
  2. Short for 銀貨 (ginka): a silver coin
  3. Short for 銀色 (gin'iro): silver (shiny gray color)
  4. (shogi) Short for 銀将 (ginshō): a silver general
  5. (sports, etc.) Short for 銀メダル (gin medaru): a silver medal
  6. (historical) Short for 丁銀 (chōgin): an Edo-period silver coin in the shape of a sea cucumber
  7. Short for 銀煙管 (gin kiseru): a silver 煙管 (kiseru, “tobacco pipe”)
  8. Short for 銀葉 (gin'yō): a censer
  9. Short for 銀蜻蜓 (gin'yanma): the lesser emperor, Lua error in Module:taxlink at line 68: Parameter "ver" is not used by this template.
  10. any other object made of silver
Derived terms
Derived terms

Affix

銀(ぎん) • (gin) 

  1. silver (lustrous, white, metallic element)
  2. (by extension) money
  3. silver (shiny gray color)
  4. Short for 銀行 (ginkō): bank
Derived terms
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
銀
しろがね
Grade: 3
kun’yomi

Compound of 白 (shiro, “white”) +‎ 金 (kane, “metal”).

Starting from the Muromachi period, the kane changes to gane due to rendaku (連濁).

Pronunciation

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Noun

銀(しろがね) • (shirogane) 

  1. silver (lustrous, white, metallic element)
  2. silver (shiny gray color)
    Synonym: 銀色 (gin'iro)
  3. a silver thread
    Synonym: 銀糸 (ginshi)
  4. silver paint or lacquer
    Synonym: 銀泥 (gindei)
  5. a silver coin
    Synonyms: 銀貨 (ginka), 銀子 (ginsu)
Derived terms
Derived terms
See also

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
銀
かね
Grade: 3
nanori
Alternative spellings
金
鉄
銅

From Old Japanese.

See 金 (kane).

Pronunciation

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Noun

銀(かね) • (kane) 

  1. a metal
  2. money
Derived terms
Usage notes
  • In former times, silver was the basis for the Japanese economy.
  • In modern Japanese, kane is more commonly spelled using the character for gold: 金.
  • The money sense is more commonly prefixed with お (o-), as in お金 (okane).

References


Korean

Hanja

銀 • (eun) (hangeul 은)

  1. silver
  2. cash, money, wealth

Okinawan

Kanji

銀

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Compounds

Old Japanese

Etymology

Compound of 白 (siro1, “white”) +‎ 金 (kane, “metal”).

Noun

銀 (siro1kane) (kana しろかね)

  1. silver (lustrous, white, metallic element)
    • 711–712, Kojiki, Second scroll, Emperor Chūai:
      於是大后歸神言教覺詔者「西方有國、金銀爲本、目之炎耀種種珍寶多在其國。吾今歸賜其國。」
      At this the Queen Consort was possessed by the gods who revealed to them the following command: “In the west there is a land of many rare and dazzling treasures beginning with gold and silver. I will now bestow it upon you.”[1]
    • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 5, poem 803:
      , text here
      銀母金母玉母奈爾世武爾麻佐禮留多可良古爾斯迦米夜母
      siro1kane mo kugane mo tama mo nani semu ni masareru takara ko1 ni shikame2 ya mo
      (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Descendants

  • Japanese: 銀 (shirokane → shirogane)

See also

References

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 銀 (ngân, cộng, công)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

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