港

See also: 巻

港 U+6E2F, 港 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6E2F ← 渮 [U+6E2E] CJK Unified Ideographs 渰 → [U+6E30]

港 U+2F908, 港 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F908 ← 洴 [U+2F907] CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 湮 → [U+2F909]

Translingual

Japanese	港
Simplified	港
Traditional	港

Alternative forms

Note that, as in 巷, in Chinese, the bottom is 巳, while in Japanese, the bottom is 己.

Han character

港 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 水廿金山 (ETCU), four-corner 3411₇, composition ⿰氵巷)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 635, character 4
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17783
• Dae Jaweon: page 1042, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1668, character 7
• Unihan data for U+6E2F

• Unihan data for U+2F908

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		港
alternative forms		𣿑

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (共) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
港	*kroːŋʔ, *ɡloːŋs
巷	*ɡroːŋs
衖	*ɡroːŋs
鬨	*ɡroːŋs, *ɡloːŋs
烘	*qʰloːŋ, *qʰloːŋs, *ɡoːŋ, *ɡloːŋs
洪	*ɡloːŋ
鉷	*ɡloːŋ
谼	*ɡloːŋ
葓	*ɡoːŋ
哄	*ɡloːŋs
蕻	*ɡloːŋs
恭	*kloŋ
供	*kloŋ, *kloŋs
龔	*kloŋ
珙	*kloŋ, *kloŋʔ
共	*kloŋ, *ɡloŋs
髸	*kloŋ
拱	*kloŋʔ
拲	*kloŋʔ, *kloɡ
蛬	*kloŋʔ, *ɡloŋ
栱	*kloŋʔ
輁	*kloŋʔ, *ɡloŋ
舼	*ɡloŋ
輂	*kloɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kroːŋʔ, *ɡloːŋs) : semantic 水 (“river; water”) + phonetic 巷 (OC *ɡroːŋs).

Etymology 1

Cognate with 江 (OC *kroːŋ, “river”) (Schuessler, 2007). The southern dialectal word originally meant "small river/stream", which is still preserved in some Min languages. The irregular pronunciation in Mandarin (expected Mandarin reflex is *jiǎng) originated from southern dialects where velars have not palatalized (Schuessler, 2007).

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 港

1. tributary of a larger river or lake
2. (dialectal) river
3. port; harbor

   軍港／军港  ―  jūngǎng  ―  naval port

   基隆港  ―  Jīlóng Gǎng  ―  Port of Keelung

4. large airport
5. Short for 香港 (Xiānggǎng, “Hong Kong”).

   港幣／港币  ―  gǎngbì  ―  Hong Kong dollar

   港人治港 [Cantonese]  ―  gong² jan⁴ zi⁶ gong² [Jyutping]  ―  Hong Kong people administering Hong Kong

6. (colloquial) Hong Kong-styled
7. (Hokkien) Classifier for fluids: stream
8. a surname

Usage notes

• Xiandai Hanyu Guifan Cidian (《现代汉语规范词典》) proscribes the use of the pronunciation jiǎng.

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): hòng (hong⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄥˋ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: hòng
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄥˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: hòng
    • Wade–Giles: hung⁴
    • Yale: hùng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: honq
    • Palladius: хун (xun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xʊŋ⁵¹/

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• Middle Chinese: huwngH

Rime
Character	港
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	東 (1)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	胡貢切
Baxter	huwngH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦuŋH/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦuŋH/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuŋH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦəwŋH/
Li Rong	/ɣuŋH/
Wang Li	/ɣuŋH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣuŋH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hòng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hung6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡloːŋs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	港
Reading #	2/2
No.	4163
Phonetic component	共
Rime group	東
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	哄
Old Chinese	/*ɡloːŋs/
Notes	見馬融賦

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 港

1. Only used in 港洞.

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Shinjitai	港
Kyūjitai	港󠄁 港+󠄁? (Adobe-Japan1)
	港󠄃 港+󠄃? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

港

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)^{←こう (kou, historical)}
• Kan-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)^{←かう (kau, historical)}
• Kun: みなと (minato, 港, Jōyō)

Compounds

Derived terms

• 港湾
• 漁港
• 空港
• 軍港
• 出港
• 香港

Etymology

Kanji in this term
港
みなと Grade: 3
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese: 水(み) (mi, “water”) + な (na, possessive particle) + 門(と) (to, “gate”). Attested in the Kojiki and Nihon Shoki as 水門.

Alternative forms

• 湊

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

港(みなと) • (minato) 

1. port

Proper noun

港(みなと) or 港(proper) • (minato or proper) [[Category:Japanese
|みなと]]

1. Minato (one of 23 special wards in Tokyo prefecture, Japan)
2. a male given name

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Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 港 (MC kaewngX).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448	가ᇰ〯 (Yale: kǎng)
Middle Korean
Text	Eumhun
	Gloss (hun)	Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2]	개〮 (Yale: káy)	하ᇰ〯 (Yale: hǎng)

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ha̠(ː)ŋ]
• Phonetic hangul: [항(ː)]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Wikisource

港 (eumhun 항구(港口) 항 (hanggu hang))

1. hanja form^? of 항 (“harbour; port”) [noun]

Compounds

Compounds

• 공항 (空港, gonghang)
• 항만 (港灣, hangman)
• 항구 (港口, hanggu)
• 출항 (出港, chulhang)
• 입항 (入港, iphang)
• 개항 (開港, gaehang)
• 어항 (漁港, eohang)
• 외항 (外港, oehang)
• 부동항 (不凍港, budonghang)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

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Vietnamese

Han character

港: Hán Nôm readings: cảng

1. chữ Hán form of cảng (“port; harbor”).