制

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See also: 製 and 刺
制 U+5236, 制
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5236
← 刵
[U+5235] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 刷 →
[U+5237]

Translingual

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Stroke order
8 strokes

Han character

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制 (Kangxi radical 18, 刀+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 竹月中弓 (HBLN), four-corner 22200, composition ⿰⿻牛冂刂)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 139, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1961
  • Dae Jaweon: page 315, character 10
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 335, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+5236

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 制
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (制) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
制 *kjeds
淛 *kjeds
製 *kjeds
掣 *kʰjeds, *kʰjed
痸 *kʰjeds
猘 *kreds

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 木 (“tree”) + 刀 (“knife”) – to cut a tree. 木 was also written as the related 未.

Etymology 1

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simp. and trad.
 制
alternative forms 𠛐
𠝁
剬
𠜔

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character 制
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 章 (23)
Final (韻) 祭 (35)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 征例切
Baxter tsyejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡ɕiᴇiH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡ɕiɛiH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡ɕjæiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ciajH/
Li
Rong 		/t͡ɕiɛiH/
Wang
Li 		/t͡ɕĭɛiH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/t͡ɕi̯ɛiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zhì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zai3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 制
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zhì
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tsyejH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*tet-s/
English cut out, prepare

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 制
Reading # 1/1
No. 17377
Phonetic
component 		制
Rime
group 		祭
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		制
Old
Chinese 		/*kjeds/

Definitions

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制

  1. to plan; to regulate
  2. to restrict; to limit; to control
  3. to rule; to decide; to overpower
  4. system; law; rules
  5. (historical) edict of ancient Chinese rulers
  6. (historical) mourning rite on behalf of parents' deaths in ancient China
  7. (Cantonese, chiefly in the negative) to consent to; to agree to
    Synonym: 肯

Compounds

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Etymology 2

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For pronunciation and definitions of 制 – see 製 (“to make; to manufacture; to produce; to cut out”).
(This character is the simplified and variant form of 製).
Notes:

Japanese

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Kanji

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制

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

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Suffix

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制(せい) • (-sei) 

  1. system

Korean

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Hanja

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制 (eumhun 절제할 제 (jeoljehal je))

  1. hanja form? of 제 (“plan; regulate”)

Compounds

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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制: Hán Nôm readings: chế, chới, chơi, choi, xế, xiết

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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