tosa

See also: Appendix:Variations of "tosa"

English

Etymology

From Japanese 土佐 (Tosa), according to the former Tosa province on the island of Shikoku where the dog was originally bred.

Noun

tosa (plural tosas)

1. A Japanese breed of fighting dog

   Synonym: tosa inu

Translations

breed of dog

• Finnish: tosa
• German: Tosa m
• Polish: tosa (pl) f

Anagrams

• ASOT, Tsao, taos, SOTA, Sota, oats, OTAs, toas, Taos, ATOs, stoa, as to, oast, Sato

Amis

Amis cardinal numbers

<  1	2	3  >
Cardinal : tosa     Ordinal : sakatatosa

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *duSa.

Numeral

tosa

1. two

Bangi

Verb

tosa

1. to obey

Catalan

Etymology

Nominalization of the feminine past participle of tondre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Northern) [ˈtu.zə]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic, Central) [ˈto.zə]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia, Northwestern) [ˈto.za]

Noun

tosa f (plural toses)

1. shearing

   La tosa de les ovelles generava una gran quantitat de llana.

   The shearing of the sheep generates a large quantity of wool.

2. the time of sheepshearing, a traditional occasion for celebration

Synonyms

• (act of shearing): esquilada, xolla

Further reading

• “tosa”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007

Central Huasteca Nahuatl

Noun

tosa

1. mole.

Faroese

Etymology

Compare Norwegian Nynorsk tosa (“rustle, whisper, talk slowly and singingly with low voice”) and tusa (“rustle, whisper”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tʰɔːsa]

Verb

tosa (third person singular past indicative tosaði, supine tosað)

1. to talk, to speak

   Tosa tygum enskt?

   Do you speak English?

   Føroyskt verður tosað av umleið 70.000 fólkum.

   Faroese is spoken by about 70,000 people.

   Tá tosað verður um... ― When it comes to...

Conjugation

Conjugation of tosa (group v-30)

infinitive	tosa
supine	tosað
	present	past
first singular	tosi	tosaði
second singular	tosar	tosaði
third singular	tosar	tosaði
plural	tosa	tosaðu
participle (a6)1	tosandi	tosaður
	imperative
singular	tosa!
plural	tosið!

¹Only the past participle being declined.

See also

• práta
• fortelja
• snakka
• svara
• spyrja

Further reading

"tosa" at Sprotin.fo

Finnish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtosɑ/, [ˈt̪o̞s̠ɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -osɑ
• Syllabification^(key): to‧sa
• Hyphenation^(key): to‧sa

Etymology 1

< Japanese 土佐 (Tosa), see the English etymology section above

Noun

tosa

1. tosa (Japanese breed of fighting dog)

Declension

Inflection of tosa (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
nominative		tosa	tosat
genitive		tosan	tosien
partitive		tosaa	tosia
illative		tosaan	tosiin
		singular	plural
nominative		tosa	tosat
accusative	nom.	tosa	tosat
	gen.	tosan
genitive		tosan	tosien tosain rare
partitive		tosaa	tosia
inessive		tosassa	tosissa
elative		tosasta	tosista
illative		tosaan	tosiin
adessive		tosalla	tosilla
ablative		tosalta	tosilta
allative		tosalle	tosille
essive		tosana	tosina
translative		tosaksi	tosiksi
abessive		tosatta	tositta
instructive		—	tosin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of tosa (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative tosani tosani accusative nom. tosani tosani gen. tosani genitive tosani tosieni tosaini rare partitive tosaani tosiani inessive tosassani tosissani elative tosastani tosistani illative tosaani tosiini adessive tosallani tosillani ablative tosaltani tosiltani allative tosalleni tosilleni essive tosanani tosinani translative tosakseni tosikseni abessive tosattani tosittani instructive — — comitative — tosineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative tosasi tosasi accusative nom. tosasi tosasi gen. tosasi genitive tosasi tosiesi tosaisi rare partitive tosaasi tosiasi inessive tosassasi tosissasi elative tosastasi tosistasi illative tosaasi tosiisi adessive tosallasi tosillasi ablative tosaltasi tosiltasi allative tosallesi tosillesi essive tosanasi tosinasi translative tosaksesi tosiksesi abessive tosattasi tosittasi instructive — — comitative — tosinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative tosamme tosamme accusative nom. tosamme tosamme gen. tosamme genitive tosamme tosiemme tosaimme rare partitive tosaamme tosiamme inessive tosassamme tosissamme elative tosastamme tosistamme illative tosaamme tosiimme adessive tosallamme tosillamme ablative tosaltamme tosiltamme allative tosallemme tosillemme essive tosanamme tosinamme translative tosaksemme tosiksemme abessive tosattamme tosittamme instructive — — comitative — tosinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative tosanne tosanne accusative nom. tosanne tosanne gen. tosanne genitive tosanne tosienne tosainne rare partitive tosaanne tosianne inessive tosassanne tosissanne elative tosastanne tosistanne illative tosaanne tosiinne adessive tosallanne tosillanne ablative tosaltanne tosiltanne allative tosallenne tosillenne essive tosananne tosinanne translative tosaksenne tosiksenne abessive tosattanne tosittanne instructive — — comitative — tosinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative tosansa tosansa accusative nom. tosansa tosansa gen. tosansa genitive tosansa tosiensa tosainsa rare partitive tosaansa tosiaan tosiansa inessive tosassaan tosassansa tosissaan tosissansa elative tosastaan tosastansa tosistaan tosistansa illative tosaansa tosiinsa adessive tosallaan tosallansa tosillaan tosillansa ablative tosaltaan tosaltansa tosiltaan tosiltansa allative tosalleen tosallensa tosilleen tosillensa essive tosanaan tosanansa tosinaan tosinansa translative tosakseen tosaksensa tosikseen tosiksensa abessive tosattaan tosattansa tosittaan tosittansa instructive — — comitative — tosineen tosinensa

Synonyms

• tosa inu

Etymology 2

Clipping of toinen +‎ -sa.

Adjective

tosa

1. (dated or dialectal, colloquial) second (ordinal of two)

   Synonyms: toinen (standard), toka (colloquial)

Declension

Inflection of tosa (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
nominative		tosa	tosat
genitive		tosan	tosien
partitive		tosaa	tosia
illative		tosaan	tosiin
		singular	plural
nominative		tosa	tosat
accusative	nom.	tosa	tosat
	gen.	tosan
genitive		tosan	tosien tosain rare
partitive		tosaa	tosia
inessive		tosassa	tosissa
elative		tosasta	tosista
illative		tosaan	tosiin
adessive		tosalla	tosilla
ablative		tosalta	tosilta
allative		tosalle	tosille
essive		tosana	tosina
translative		tosaksi	tosiksi
abessive		tosatta	tositta
instructive		—	tosin
comitative		—	tosine

Possessive forms of tosa (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
Rare. Only used with substantive adjectives.
first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative tosani tosani accusative nom. tosani tosani gen. tosani genitive tosani tosieni tosaini rare partitive tosaani tosiani inessive tosassani tosissani elative tosastani tosistani illative tosaani tosiini adessive tosallani tosillani ablative tosaltani tosiltani allative tosalleni tosilleni essive tosanani tosinani translative tosakseni tosikseni abessive tosattani tosittani instructive — — comitative — tosineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative tosasi tosasi accusative nom. tosasi tosasi gen. tosasi genitive tosasi tosiesi tosaisi rare partitive tosaasi tosiasi inessive tosassasi tosissasi elative tosastasi tosistasi illative tosaasi tosiisi adessive tosallasi tosillasi ablative tosaltasi tosiltasi allative tosallesi tosillesi essive tosanasi tosinasi translative tosaksesi tosiksesi abessive tosattasi tosittasi instructive — — comitative — tosinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative tosamme tosamme accusative nom. tosamme tosamme gen. tosamme genitive tosamme tosiemme tosaimme rare partitive tosaamme tosiamme inessive tosassamme tosissamme elative tosastamme tosistamme illative tosaamme tosiimme adessive tosallamme tosillamme ablative tosaltamme tosiltamme allative tosallemme tosillemme essive tosanamme tosinamme translative tosaksemme tosiksemme abessive tosattamme tosittamme instructive — — comitative — tosinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative tosanne tosanne accusative nom. tosanne tosanne gen. tosanne genitive tosanne tosienne tosainne rare partitive tosaanne tosianne inessive tosassanne tosissanne elative tosastanne tosistanne illative tosaanne tosiinne adessive tosallanne tosillanne ablative tosaltanne tosiltanne allative tosallenne tosillenne essive tosananne tosinanne translative tosaksenne tosiksenne abessive tosattanne tosittanne instructive — — comitative — tosinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative tosansa tosansa accusative nom. tosansa tosansa gen. tosansa genitive tosansa tosiensa tosainsa rare partitive tosaansa tosiaan tosiansa inessive tosassaan tosassansa tosissaan tosissansa elative tosastaan tosastansa tosistaan tosistansa illative tosaansa tosiinsa adessive tosallaan tosallansa tosillaan tosillansa ablative tosaltaan tosaltansa tosiltaan tosiltansa allative tosalleen tosallensa tosilleen tosillensa essive tosanaan tosanansa tosinaan tosinansa translative tosakseen tosaksensa tosikseen tosiksensa abessive tosattaan tosattansa tosittaan tosittansa instructive — — comitative — tosineen tosinensa

Anagrams

• Atso, osat, osta, otsa, sato, sota, stoa, taos, taso

Icelandic

Verb

tosa (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative tosaði, supine tosað)

1. to pull

   Synonym: toga

Conjugation

tosa – active voice (germynd)

infinitive nafnháttur		að tosa
supine sagnbót		tosað
present participle lýsingarháttur nútíðar		tosandi
		indicative framsöguháttur			subjunctive viðtengingarháttur
		present nútíð	past þátíð		present nútíð	past þátíð
singular	ég	tosa	tosaði		tosi	tosaði
	þú	tosar	tosaðir		tosir	tosaðir
	hann, hún, það	tosar	tosaði		tosi	tosaði
plural	við	tosum	tosuðum		tosum	tosuðum
	þið	tosið	tosuðuð		tosið	tosuðuð
	þeir, þær, þau	tosa	tosuðu		tosi	tosuðu
		imperative boðháttur
singular	þú	tosa (þú), tosaðu
plural	þið	tosið (þið), tosiði1

¹ Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

tosast – mediopassive voice (miðmynd)

infinitive nafnháttur		að tosast
supine sagnbót		tosast
present participle lýsingarháttur nútíðar		tosandist (rare; see appendix)
		indicative framsöguháttur			subjunctive viðtengingarháttur
		present nútíð	past þátíð		present nútíð	past þátíð
singular	ég	tosast	tosaðist		tosist	tosaðist
	þú	tosast	tosaðist		tosist	tosaðist
	hann, hún, það	tosast	tosaðist		tosist	tosaðist
plural	við	tosumst	tosuðumst		tosumst	tosuðumst
	þið	tosist	tosuðust		tosist	tosuðust
	þeir, þær, þau	tosast	tosuðust		tosist	tosuðust
		imperative boðháttur
singular	þú	tosast (þú), tosastu
plural	þið	tosist (þið), tosisti1

¹ Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

tosaður — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)

strong declension (sterk beyging)	singular (eintala)			plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	tosaður	tosuð	tosað	tosaðir	tosaðar	tosuð
accusative (þolfall)	tosaðan	tosaða	tosað	tosaða	tosaðar	tosuð
dative (þágufall)	tosuðum	tosaðri	tosuðu	tosuðum	tosuðum	tosuðum
genitive (eignarfall)	tosaðs	tosaðrar	tosaðs	tosaðra	tosaðra	tosaðra
weak declension (veik beyging)	singular (eintala)			plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	tosaði	tosaða	tosaða	tosuðu	tosuðu	tosuðu
accusative (þolfall)	tosaða	tosuðu	tosaða	tosuðu	tosuðu	tosuðu
dative (þágufall)	tosaða	tosuðu	tosaða	tosuðu	tosuðu	tosuðu
genitive (eignarfall)	tosaða	tosuðu	tosaða	tosuðu	tosuðu	tosuðu

Further reading

• “tosa” in the Dictionary of Modern Icelandic (in Icelandic) and ISLEX (in the Nordic languages)

Italian

Verb

tosa

1. inflection of tosare:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Anagrams

• Atos, Taso, osta, stoa

Lingala

Etymology

Borrowed from Bangi tosa.

Verb

-tosa (infinitive kotosa)

1. to obey

Old Occitan

Alternative forms

• toza

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtuza/

Noun

tosa f (oblique plural tosas, nominative singular tosa, nominative plural tosas)

1. young woman, girl
   • c. 1130, Marcabru, pastorela:

     «Toza, fi·m eu, res faitissa, / Dol ai gran del ven que·us fissa.»

     ‘Girl,’ I said, ‘beautiful thing, I have great concern about the wind which is biting you.’

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• 𑀢𑁄𑀲 (Brahmi script)
• तोस (Devanagari script)
• তোস (Bengali script)
• තොස (Sinhalese script)
• တောသ or တေႃသ (Burmese script)
• โตส or โตสะ (Thai script)
• ᨲᩮᩣᩈ (Tai Tham script)
• ໂຕສ or ໂຕສະ (Lao script)
• តោស (Khmer script)
• 𑄖𑄮𑄥 (Chakma script)

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit तोष (toṣa).

Noun

tosa m

1. joy, satisfaction

Declension

Declension table of "tosa" (masculine)

Case / Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	toso	tosā
Accusative (second)	tosaṃ	tose
Instrumental (third)	tosena	tosehi or tosebhi
Dative (fourth)	tosassa or tosāya or tosatthaṃ	tosānaṃ
Ablative (fifth)	tosasmā or tosamhā or tosā	tosehi or tosebhi
Genitive (sixth)	tosassa	tosānaṃ
Locative (seventh)	tosasmiṃ or tosamhi or tose	tosesu
Vocative (calling)	tosa	tosā

Further reading

• Pali Text Society (1921–1925), “tosa”, in Pali-English Dictionary‎, London: Chipstead
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “tōṣa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

Portuguese

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈtɔ.zɐ/

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈtɔ.zɐ/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈtɔ.za/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈtɔ.zɐ/

• Hyphenation: to‧sa

Etymology 1

Noun

tosa f (plural tosas)

1. the act of cutting or trimming a pet's hair, such as in pet grooming

Etymology 2

Verb

tosa

1. inflection of tosar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Further reading

• “tosa”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “tosa”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

Spanish

Verb

tosa

1. inflection of toser:
   1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative

Swahili

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Verb

-tosa (infinitive kutosa)

1. to immerse
2. to dip, to plunge into

Conjugation

Conjugation of -tosa
Positive present -natosa Subjunctive -tose Negative -tosi Imperative singular tosa
Infinitives
Positive kutosa Negative kutotosa
Imperatives
Singular tosa Plural toseni
Tensed forms
Habitual hutosa Positive past positive subject concord + -litosa Negative past negative subject concord + -kutosa
Positive present (positive subject concord + -natosa) Singular Plural 1st person ninatosa/natosa tunatosa 2nd person unatosa mnatosa 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anatosa wanatosa other classes positive subject concord + -natosa
Negative present (negative subject concord + -tosi) Singular Plural 1st person sitosi hatutosi 2nd person hutosi hamtosi 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hatosi hawatosi other classes negative subject concord + -tosi
Positive future positive subject concord + -tatosa Negative future negative subject concord + -tatosa
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -tose) Singular Plural 1st person nitose tutose 2nd person utose mtose 3rd person m-wa(I/II) atose watose other classes positive subject concord + -tose
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sitose Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngetosa Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singetosa Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalitosa Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalitosa
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -atosa) Singular Plural 1st person natosa twatosa 2nd person watosa mwatosa 3rd person m-wa(I/II) atosa watosa m-mi(III/IV) watosa yatosa ji-ma(V/VI) latosa yatosa ki-vi(VII/VIII) chatosa vyatosa n(IX/X) yatosa zatosa u(XI) watosa see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwatosa pa(XVI) patosa mu(XVIII) mwatosa
Perfect positive subject concord + -metosa "Already" positive subject concord + -meshatosa "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jatosa "If/When" positive subject concord + -kitosa "If not" positive subject concord + -sipotosa Consecutive katosa / positive subject concord + -katosa Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -katose
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nitosa -tutosa 2nd person -kutosa -watosa/-kutoseni/-watoseni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mtosa -watosa m-mi(III/IV) -utosa -itosa ji-ma(V/VI) -litosa -yatosa ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kitosa -vitosa n(IX/X) -itosa -zitosa u(XI) -utosa see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kutosa pa(XVI) -patosa mu(XVIII) -mutosa Reflexive -jitosa
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -tosa- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -tosaye -tosao m-mi(III/IV) -tosao -tosayo ji-ma(V/VI) -tosalo -tosayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -tosacho -tosavyo n(IX/X) -tosayo -tosazo u(XI) -tosao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -tosako pa(XVI) -tosapo mu(XVIII) -tosamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -tosa) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yetosa -otosa m-mi(III/IV) -otosa -yotosa ji-ma(V/VI) -lotosa -yotosa ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chotosa -vyotosa n(IX/X) -yotosa -zotosa u(XI) -otosa see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kotosa pa(XVI) -potosa mu(XVIII) -motosa
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.