保
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Translingual
[edit]Stroke order | |||
---|---|---|---|
Han character
[edit]保 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+7, 9 strokes, cangjie input 人口木 (ORD), four-corner 26294, composition ⿰亻呆)
Derived characters
[edit]Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 105, character 17
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 702
- Dae Jaweon: page 222, character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 160, character 4
- Unihan data for U+4FDD
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 保 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 保 | |
alternative forms |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 保 | |||
---|---|---|---|
Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script |
References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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In the oracle script, this character was an ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : 人 (“person”) + 子 (“child”) – a person carrying a child on his back; to carry (a child) > to protect.
In early bronze inscriptions, 爪 (“hand”) was added to the person to emphasize that the person was carrying the child. This was later simplified into one or two strokes. The current form has two.
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *bəw (“to carry (on back or shoulders)”). Cognate with 抱 (OC *buːʔ, “to heft, hug”); see there for more (STEDT).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): bou2
- Hakka
- Northern Min (KCR): bǎu
- Eastern Min (BUC): bō̤
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5pau
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄠˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: bǎo
- Wade–Giles: pao3
- Yale: bǎu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bao
- Palladius: бао (bao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: bou2
- Yale: bóu
- Cantonese Pinyin: bou2
- Guangdong Romanization: bou2
- Sinological IPA (key): /pou̯³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pó
- Hakka Romanization System: boˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: bo3
- Sinological IPA: /po³¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: bǎu
- Sinological IPA (key): /pau²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: bō̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /po³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- pó͘ - literary (Quanzhou);
- pó - vernacular (Quanzhou).
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: bao2 / bo2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: páu / pó
- Sinological IPA (key): /pau⁵²/, /po⁵²/
- bao2 - literary;
- bo2 - vernacular.
- Middle Chinese: pawX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*pˤuʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*puːʔ/
Definitions
[edit]保
- to raise; to rear
- to keep; to maintain
- to protect; to safeguard; to defend
- to ensure; to guarantee
- guarantor
- Short for 保釋/保释 (bǎoshì, “to bail”).
- (historical) bao (a unit of the ancient administrative system, consisting of some 100 households)
- a surname: Bao
Synonyms
[edit]- (to raise):
- (to keep):
- (to protect):
- (to ensure):
- (guarantor):
Compounds
[edit]- 三保太監/三保太监
- 不保
- 中保 (zhōngbǎo)
- 互保
- 交保 (jiāobǎo)
- 人保 (rénbǎo)
- 人壽保險/人寿保险 (rénshòu bǎoxiǎn)
- 人身保險/人身保险 (rénshēn bǎoxiǎn)
- 人頭保/人头保
- 作保 (zuòbǎo)
- 保不住 (bǎobuzhù)
- 保不嚴/保不严
- 保不定 (bǎobudìng)
- 保不齊/保不齐 (bǎobuqí)
- 保久乳
- 保人 (bǎorén)
- 保住 (bǎozhù)
- 保佑 (bǎoyòu)
- 保佐人
- 保保
- 保值 (bǎozhí)
- 保俶塔
- 保健 (bǎojiàn)
- 保健操 (bǎojiàncāo)
- 保健物理
- 保健粉筆/保健粉笔
- 保傅
- 保兀赤
- 保兒/保儿
- 保全 (bǎoquán)
- 保全公司
- 保全業/保全业
- 保全程序
- 保全處分/保全处分
- 保准 (bǎozhǔn)
- 保利 (Bǎolì)
- 保加利亞/保加利亚 (Bǎojiālìyà)
- 保叔塔
- 保命 (bǎomìng)
- 保和殿
- 保單/保单 (bǎodān)
- 保固 (bǎogù)
- 保固期
- 保國安民/保国安民
- 保境息民
- 保大
- 保奏 (bǎozòu)
- 保姆 (bǎomǔ)
- 保媒 (bǎoméi)
- 保子 (bǎozǐ)
- 保存 (bǎocún)
- 保安 (bǎo'ān)
- 保守 (bǎoshǒu)
- 保守主義/保守主义 (bǎoshǒu zhǔyì)
- 保安族 (Bǎo'ānzú)
- 保安林
- 保守派 (bǎoshǒupài)
- 保安處分/保安处分 (bǎo'ān chǔfèn)
- 保安警察
- 保定 (Bǎodìng)
- 保定府
- 保定法
- 保宮/保宫
- 保家 (bǎojiā)
- 保家之主
- 保家的
- 保密 (bǎomì)
- 保密軍官/保密军官
- 保密防諜/保密防谍
- 保寧縣/保宁县
- 保山 (bǎoshān)
- 保底 (bǎodǐ)
- 保康 (Bǎokāng)
- 保息 (bǎoxī)
- 保成
- 保抱
- 保持 (bǎochí)
- 保揚河/保扬河 (Bǎoyáng Hé)
- 保教 (bǎojiào)
- 保暖杯 (bǎonuǎnbēi)
- 保有 (bǎoyǒu)
- 保本 (bǎoběn)
- 保林
- 保案
- 保正 (bǎozhèng)
- 保殘守缺/保残守缺
- 保母 (bǎomǔ)
- 保民官
- 保溫/保温 (bǎowēn)
- 保溫瓶/保温瓶 (bǎowēnpíng)
- 保溫箱/保温箱
- 保潔/保洁 (bǎojié)
- 保狀/保状 (bǎozhuàng)
- 保獎/保奖
- 保生 (bǎoshēng)
- 保生大帝 (Bǎoshēng Dàdì)
- 保用 (bǎoyòng)
- 保甲法
- 保留 (bǎoliú)
- 保留價格/保留价格
- 保留地 (bǎoliúdì)
- 保留徵收/保留征收
- 保留戶/保留户
- 保留曲線/保留曲线
- 保留林
- 保留盈餘/保留盈余
- 保皇會/保皇会
- 保真 (bǎozhēn)
- 保票 (bǎopiào)
- 保禳
- 保稅/保税 (bǎoshuì)
- 保稅區/保税区 (bǎoshuìqū)
- 保稅工廠/保税工厂
- 保管 (bǎoguǎn)
- 保結/保结 (bǎojié)
- 保結制度/保结制度
- 保羅書信/保罗书信
- 保義/保义
- 保聚
- 保肥
- 保育 (bǎoyù)
- 保育員/保育员 (bǎoyùyuán)
- 保膘 (bǎobiāo)
- 保舉/保举 (bǎojǔ)
- 保薦/保荐 (bǎojiàn)
- 保藏 (bǎocáng)
- 保衛/保卫 (bǎowèi)
- 保衛細胞/保卫细胞
- 保見/保见
- 保見人/保见人
- 保親/保亲
- 保證/保证 (bǎozhèng)
- 保識人/保识人
- 保證人/保证人 (bǎozhèngrén)
- 保證價格/保证价格
- 保證書/保证书 (bǎozhèngshū)
- 保證金/保证金 (bǎozhèngjīn)
- 保警
- 保護/保护 (bǎohù)
- 保護主義/保护主义 (bǎohù zhǔyì)
- 保護人/保护人
- 保護作物/保护作物
- 保護區/保护区 (bǎohùqū)
- 保護國/保护国 (bǎohùguó)
- 保護狀制/保护状制
- 保護管束/保护管束
- 保護級/保护级
- 保護色/保护色 (bǎohùsè)
- 保護貿易/保护贸易
- 保護關稅/保护关税 (bǎohù guānshuì)
- 保護食物/保护食物
- 保護鳥/保护鸟
- 保費/保费 (bǎofèi)
- 保路風潮/保路风潮
- 保身 (bǎoshēn)
- 保辜限
- 保送 (bǎosòng)
- 保釋/保释 (bǎoshì)
- 保重 (bǎozhòng)
- 保釣運動/保钓运动 (Bǎodiào yùndòng)
- 保錢/保钱
- 保鏢/保镖 (bǎobiāo)
- 保鑣/保镳 (bǎobiāo)
- 保長/保长 (bǎozhǎng)
- 保防
- 保防網/保防网
- 保防軍官/保防军官
- 保障 (bǎozhàng)
- 保障河 (Bǎozhàng Hé)
- 保障湖 (Bǎozhàng Hú)
- 保險/保险 (bǎoxiǎn)
- 保險人/保险人 (bǎoxiǎnrén)
- 保險公司/保险公司 (bǎoxiǎn gōngsī)
- 保險刀片/保险刀片
- 保險利益/保险利益
- 保險單/保险单 (bǎoxiǎndān)
- 保險套/保险套 (bǎoxiǎntào)
- 保險桿/保险杆 (bǎoxiǎngǎn)
- 保險業/保险业 (bǎoxiǎnyè)
- 保險槓/保险杠 (bǎoxiǎngàng)
- 保險櫃/保险柜 (bǎoxiǎnguì)
- 保險法/保险法 (bǎoxiǎnfǎ)
- 保險燈/保险灯 (bǎoxiǎndēng)
- 保險箱/保险箱 (bǎoxiǎnxiāng)
- 保險絲/保险丝 (bǎoxiǎnsī)
- 保險給付/保险给付
- 保險費/保险费 (bǎoxiǎnfèi)
- 保險賠償/保险赔偿
- 保險金/保险金 (bǎoxiǎnjīn)
- 保險開關/保险开关
- 保章氏
- 保頭錢/保头钱
- 保題/保题
- 保養/保养 (bǎoyǎng)
- 保養品/保养品
- 保養廠/保养厂
- 保馬法/保马法
- 保駕/保驾 (bǎojià)
- 保鮮/保鲜 (bǎoxiān)
- 保鮮盒/保鲜盒
- 保鮮膜/保鲜膜 (bǎoxiānmó)
- 保麗龍/保丽龙 (bǎolìlóng)
- 保麗龍板/保丽龙板
- 保齡球/保龄球 (bǎolíngqiú)
- 健保 (jiànbǎo)
- 做保
- 健保卡
- 健康保險/健康保险 (jiànkāng bǎoxiǎn)
- 傭保/佣保
- 傷害保險/伤害保险
- 優生保健/优生保健
- 全民保險/全民保险
- 全民健保
- 公保 (gōngbǎo)
- 公共保險/公共保险
- 共同保證/共同保证
- 兵災保險/兵灾保险
- 具保
- 動物保定/动物保定
- 勞保/劳保 (láobǎo)
- 勞保局/劳保局
- 勞動保險/劳动保险
- 包裹保險/包裹保险
- 十三太保 (shísān tàibǎo)
- 取保 (qǔbǎo)
- 土壤保持
- 地保 (dìbǎo)
- 大保國/大保国
- 天保
- 太保 (tàibǎo)
- 天保九如
- 太子太保
- 太子少保
- 失業保險/失业保险
- 定期保險/定期保险
- 宮保/宫保 (gōngbǎo)
- 宮保雞丁/宫保鸡丁 (Gōngbǎo jīdīng)
- 密保
- 對保/对保
- 少保
- 師保/师保
- 店保
- 庸保
- 強制保險/强制保险
- 德保 (Débǎo)
- 打供太保
- 打保票 (dǎ bǎopiào)
- 投保 (tóubǎo)
- 拉保險/拉保险
- 持盈保泰
- 持祿保位/持禄保位
- 撤保
- 擔保/担保 (dānbǎo)
- 擔保品/担保品
- 擔保放款/担保放款
- 擔保權/担保权
- 擔保物權/担保物权
- 明哲保身 (míngzhébǎoshēn)
- 更生保護/更生保护
- 朝不保夕 (zhāobùbǎoxī)
- 朝不保暮
- 朝夕難保/朝夕难保 (zhāoxīnánbǎo)
- 朦朧保舉/朦胧保举
- 棄車保帥/弃车保帅 (qìjūbǎoshuài)
- 水土保持 (shuǐtǔ bǎochí)
- 永保無虞/永保无虞
- 汽車保險/汽车保险
- 海上保險/海上保险
- 消保法
- 準保/准保 (zhǔnbǎo)
- 漁民保險/渔民保险
- 火災保險/火灾保险
- 環保/环保 (huánbǎo)
- 環保局/环保局
- 環境保護/环境保护 (huánjìng bǎohù)
- 產物保險/产物保险
- 直接保護/直接保护
- 相保
- 眷保
- 知情底保
- 確保/确保 (quèbǎo)
- 社會保險/社会保险 (shèhuì bǎoxiǎn)
- 私校保險/私校保险
- 稻作保險/稻作保险
- 管保 (guǎnbǎo)
- 終身保險/终身保险
- 聖保羅/圣保罗 (Shèng Bǎoluó)
- 聚落保存
- 聯保/联保
- 自保 (zìbǎo)
- 自然保育
- 自然保護/自然保护
- 自身難保/自身难保 (zìshēnnánbǎo)
- 舉保/举保
- 落保
- 蓋世太保/盖世太保 (Gàishìtàibǎo)
- 被保護國/被保护国
- 被保險人/被保险人 (bèibǎoxiǎnrén)
- 覓保/觅保
- 討保/讨保
- 訴訟擔保/诉讼担保
- 責任保險/责任保险 (zérèn bǎoxiǎn)
- 貿易保護/贸易保护
- 資源保育/资源保育
- 農保/农保
- 退保 (tuìbǎo)
- 連帶保證/连带保证
- 都保
- 酒保 (jiǔbǎo)
- 鋪保/铺保
- 關稅保護/关税保护
- 阿保
- 阿保之功
- 阿保之勞/阿保之劳
- 集中保管
- 集保
- 難保/难保 (nánbǎo)
- 靈保/灵保
References
[edit]- “保”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]Readings
[edit]- Go-on: ほう (hō)←はう (fau, historical)
- Kan-on: ほう (hō)←はう (fau, historical)
- Kan’yō-on: ほ (ho, Jōyō)
- Kun: たもつ (tamotsu, 保つ, Jōyō)、やすんじる (yasunjiru, 保んじる)
Compounds
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]- a male given name
Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [po̞]
- Phonetic hangul: [보]
Hanja
[edit]Compounds
[edit]- 보호 (保護, boho, “protection”)
- 보수 (保守, bosu, “maintenance; conservation; political conservatism”)
- 보험 (保險, boheom, “insurance”)
Tày
[edit]Adjective
[edit]保 (bau)
- Nôm form of bau (“beautiful”).
- 百景眉每式花保
- Pác cảnh mì mọi thức hoa bau
- A hundred different sceneries with all kinds of beautiful flowers
- Nôm form of bau (“fast”).
- 馬𨃅否保否𲋄流为痚
- Mạ phjải bấu bau, bấu phong lưu vì héo
- The horse doesn't run fast or nobly beautiful it's skinny
Particle
[edit]保 (bấu)
- Nôm form of bấu (“not”).
- 保聀塘𫠯𪫆宮閣
- Bấu chắc tàng lồng mừa cung các
- I do not know the way back to the palace
References
[edit]- Lục Văn Pảo, Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003) Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày][2] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]保: Hán Nôm readings: bảo, bầu, bửu
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
References
[edit]- CJK Unified Ideographs block
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