尊

Translingual

Han character

尊 (Kangxi radical 41, 寸+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 廿田木戈 (TWDI), four-corner 8034₆, composition ⿱酋寸)

Derived characters

• 樽, 蹲, 僔, 墫, 嶟, 燇, 繜, 譐(𬤢), 鐏(𨱔), 鱒(鳟), 遵, 噂, 撙, 鷷(𫜄)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 295, character 10
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7445
• Dae Jaweon: page 585, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 509, character 6
• Unihan data for U+5C0A

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Chinese

trad.		尊
simp. #		尊
alternative forms		𡭆 𢍜 𥈪

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 尊
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (尊) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
尊	*ʔsuːn
樽	*ʔsuːn
罇	*ʔsuːn
嶟	*ʔsuːn, *ʔsun
繜	*ʔsuːn
撙	*ʔsuːnʔ
噂	*ʔsuːnʔ
譐	*ʔsuːnʔ
僔	*ʔsuːnʔ
蹲	*zuːn
鱒	*zuːnʔ, *zuːns
鐏	*zuːns
遵	*ʔsun
鷷	*ʔsun, *zun
墫	*sʰun
竴	*sʰun

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 酋 (“vinegar”) + 寸 (“hand”) – to give 寸 (cùn) an offering 酋 (qiú) – to show respect, veneration.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zūn (zun¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄗㄨㄣ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zyun¹ / zeon¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chûn
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chun

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zung¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zūn
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄣ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zun
    • Wade–Giles: tsun¹
    • Yale: dzwūn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzuen
    • Palladius: цзунь (czunʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡su̯ən⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zyun¹ / zeon¹
    • Yale: jyūn / jēun
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzyn¹ / dzoen¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: jun¹ / zên¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡syːn⁵⁵/, /t͡sɵn⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chûn
    • Hakka Romanization System: zun´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zun¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sun²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chun
    • Tâi-lô: tsun
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zwn
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sun⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sun³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sun⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sun⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sun⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zung¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsung
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡suŋ³³/

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• Middle Chinese: tswon

Rime
Character	尊
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	魂 (55)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	祖昆切
Baxter	tswon
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡suən/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡suon/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡suən/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡swən/
Li Rong	/t͡suən/
Wang Li	/t͡suən/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡suən/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zūn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zyun1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ˤu[n]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsuːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	尊	尊
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zūn	zūn
Middle Chinese	‹ tswon ›	‹ tswon ›
Old Chinese	/*[ts]ˁu[n]/	/*[ts]ˁu[n]/
English	honor (v.)	wine-cup
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	尊
Reading #	1/1
No.	17984
Phonetic component	尊
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	尊
Old Chinese	/*ʔsuːn/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 尊

1. to respect; to revere; to venerate
2. to honor
3. ancient wine vessel made of bronze

Synonyms

• (respect): 敬 (jìng), 崇 (chóng), 重 (zhòng)
• (respectable): 崇 (chóng)

Antonyms

• (respect): 鄙 (bǐ), 蔑 (miè), 藐 (miǎo)

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Japanese

Kanji

尊

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. noble, precious
2. exalt, revere
3. indicates respect and reverence, such as to a buddha or nobleman

Readings

• Go-on: そん (son, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: そん (son, Jōyō)
• Kun: たっとい (tattoi, 尊い, Jōyō); たっとぶ (tattobu, 尊ぶ, Jōyō); とうとい (tōtoi, 尊い, Jōyō)^{←たふとい (tafutoi, 尊い, historical)}; とうとぶ (tōtobu, 尊ぶ, Jōyō)^{←たふとぶ (tafutobu, 尊ぶ, historical)}; みこと (mikoto, 尊)
• Nanori: たか (taka); たかし (takashi); たけ (take)

Compounds

Compounds

• 尊(そん)翰(かん) (sonkan)
• 尊(そん)顔(がん) (songan)
• 尊(そん)敬(きょう) (sonkyō, “respect, honor”)
• 尊(そん)兄(けい) (sonkei, “(honorific) older brother”)
• 尊(そん)敬(けい) (sonkei, “respect”)
  • 尊(そん)敬(けい)語(ご) (sonkeigo, “honorific language”)
• 尊(そん)厳(げん) (songen, “dignity”)
• 尊(そん)称(しょう) (sonshō, “honorific title”)
• 尊(そん)心(しん) (sonshin)
• 尊(そん)崇(すう) (sonsū), 尊(そん)崇(そう) (sonsō, “reverence, veneration”)
• 尊(そん)属(ぞく) (sonzoku, “direct ancestors”)
• 尊(そん)体(たい) (sontai, “(honorific) one's health”)
• 尊(そん)大(だい) (sondai, “haughty, arrogant”)
• 尊(そん)重(ちょう) (sonchō, “respect”)
• 尊(そん)卑(ぴ) (sonpi)
• 尊(そん)父(ぷ) (sonpu)
• 尊(そん)慮(りょ) (sonryo)
• 三(さん)尊(そん) (sanson)
• 三(さん)尊(ぞん) (Sanzon)
• 至(し)尊(そん) (shison)
• 自(じ)尊(そん) (jison)
  • 自(じ)尊(そん)心(しん) (jisonshin)
• 釈(しゃく)尊(そん) (Shakuson)
• 世(せ)尊(そん) (Seson)
• 追(つい)尊(そん) (tsuison)
• 独(どく)尊(そん) (dokuson)
  • 天(てん)上(じょう)天(てん)下(げ)唯(ゆい)我(が)独(どく)尊(そん) (tenjō tenge yuiga dokuson)
• 本(ほん)尊(ぞん) (honzon), 本(ほ)尊(ぞん) (hozon)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
尊
みこと Grade: 6
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese.

Derived from 御 (mi-, honorific prefix) +‎ 事 (koto, “thing, matter”).

Alternative forms

• 命

Noun

尊(みこと) • (mikoto) 

1. (Shinto) indicates respect and reverence, such as to the 神 (kami, “Shinto deity”) or the 天皇 (tennō, “Emperor of Japan”): Highness
2. (by extension) indicates respect to a superior or other high-ranking person
3. indicates deep affection: beloved
   • 711–712, Kojiki, poem 4:

     ...和加久佐能(わかくさの)都麻能(つまの)美許登(みこと)許登能(ことの)加多理碁登母(かたりごとも)許遠婆(こをば) [Man'yōgana]

     ...若草(わかくさ)の妻(つま)のみこと事(こと)の語(かた)り言(ごと)もこをば [Modern spelling]

     wakakusa no tsuma no mikoto koto no katarigoto mo ko o ba

     (please add an English translation of this example)

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 天(あま)つ尊(みこと) (Amatsumikoto)
• 天(あめの)忍(おし)穂(ほ)耳(みみの)尊(みこと) (Amenōshihomimi no Mikoto)
• 天(あまの)常(とこ)立(たちの)尊(みこと) (Amanotokotachi no Mikoto)
• 天(あめ)命(みこと)開(ひらかす)別(わけの)尊(みこと) (Amemikoto Hirakasuwake no Mikoto)
• 伊弉(いざ)諾(なぎの)尊(みこと) (Izanagi no Mikoto)
• 伊弉(いざ)冉(なみの)尊(みこと) (Izanami no Mikoto)
• 鸕鷀(う)草葺(がやふき)不合(あえずの)尊(みこと) (Ugayafukiaezu no Mikoto)
• 小(お)碓(うすの)尊(みこと) (Ōsu no Mikoto)
• 置瀬(おきせの)尊(みこと) (Okise no Mikoto)
• 草(くさ)分(わけの)尊(みこと) (Kusawake no Mikoto)
• 国(くにの)常(とこ)立(たち)尊(のみこと) (Kuninotokotachi no Mikoto), 国(くにの)底(そこ)立(たちの)尊(みこと) (Kuninosokotachi no Mikoto)
• 素(す)戔(さの)嗚(おの)尊(みこと) (Susanō no Mikoto)
• 天皇(すめらみこと), 皇尊(すめらみこと) (sumeramikoto)
• 高皇産霊(たかみむすひの)尊(みこと) (Takamimusuhi no Mikoto)
• 月(つき)読(よみの)尊(みこと), 月(つき)夜(よ)見(みの)尊(みこと) (Tsukiyomi no Mikoto)
• 豊斟(とよくむ)渟(ねの)尊(みこと) (Toyokumune no Mikoto)
• 瓊瓊(にに)杵(ぎの)尊(みこと) (Ninigi no Mikoto)
• 彦(ひこ)火火出(ほほで)見(みの)尊(みこと) (Hikohohodemi no Mikoto)
• 皇子(みこの)尊(みこと) (miko no mikoto)
• 御孫(みまの)尊(みこと) (mima no mikoto)

Pronoun

尊(みこと) • (mikoto) 

1. (archaic, derogatory) second person personal pronoun: you

   Synonyms: あんた (anta), お前様 (omae-sama), 貴様 (kisama)

2. (archaic) third person pronoun

   Synonyms: お方 (o-kata), 人 (hito)

Derived terms

• 我(わ)尊(みこと), 和(わ)尊(みこと) (wamikoto)

Proper noun

尊(みこと) • (Mikoto) 

1. a female given name

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
尊
とうと Grade: 6
kun’yomi

⟨taputo₁⟩ → */taputʷo/ → /tafuto/ → /tauto/ → /tɔːto/ → /toːto/

From Old Japanese.

Stem of classical adjective 尊し (tafutoshi → tōtoshi), modern 尊い (tōtoi, “precious, sacred”).

Alternative forms

• 貴

Noun

尊(とうと) • (tōto) ^{←たふと (tafuto)?}

1. respect, reverence
   • 1702, Oku no Hosomichi

     あらたうと　青(あを)葉(ば)若(わか)葉(ば)の　日(ひ)の光(ひかり)

     ara-tōto, aoba wakaba no, hi no hikari

     (please add an English translation of this example)

Derived terms

• 尊(とうと)がる (tōtogaru)
• 尊(とうと)ぶ (tōtobu)
• 尊(とうと)む (tōtomu)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
尊
そん Grade: 6
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 尊 (MC tswon).

Compare modern Mandarin 尊 (zūn).

Pronunciation

• Pronunciation for suffix sense unknown.

Noun

尊(そん) • (son) 

1. a superior
2. (historical) zun: an ancient wine vessel usually made of bronze

Counter

尊(そん) • (-son) 

1. (Buddhism) counter for buddhas

Proper noun

尊(そん) • (Son) 

1. a male or female given name

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
尊
Grade: 6
irregular

Nominalization of classical adjective 高し (takashi), modern 高い (takai, “high”).

Proper noun

尊(たかし) • (Takashi) 

1. a male given name

Etymology 5

Kanji in this term
尊
Grade: 6
irregular

Various theories exist, possibly a nominalization of verb 長ける (takeru, “to excel at”).

Proper noun

尊(たける) • (Takeru) 

1. a male given name

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Korean

Hanja

尊 (eumhun 높을 존 (nopeul jon))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

尊: Hán Việt readings: tôn (祖(tổ)昆(côn)切(thiết))
尊: Nôm readings: tôn, nhôn, ton, chun, tông, tun

1. chữ Hán form of tôn (“to respect”).

Compounds

• 尊師 (tôn sư)
• 尊敬 (tôn kính)
• 尊重 (tôn trọng)