尊

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尊 U+5C0A, 尊
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5C0A
← 尉
[U+5C09] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 尋 →
[U+5C0B]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

尊 (Kangxi radical 41, 寸+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 廿田木戈 (TWDI), four-corner 80346, composition ⿱酋寸)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 295, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7445
  • Dae Jaweon: page 585, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 509, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+5C0A

Chinese[edit]

trad. 尊
simp. # 尊
2nd round simp. 𰃝
alternative forms 𡭆
𢍜
𥈪
Wikipedia has articles on:
  • 尊 (Written Standard Chinese?)
  • Zun (English)
Bronze zun vessel (尊), c. 11th century BCE

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 尊
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
尊-oracle.svg 尊-bronze.svg 尊-seal.svg 尊-bigseal.svg
Characters in the same phonetic series (尊) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
尊 *ʔsuːn
樽 *ʔsuːn
罇 *ʔsuːn
嶟 *ʔsuːn, *ʔsun
繜 *ʔsuːn
撙 *ʔsuːnʔ
噂 *ʔsuːnʔ
譐 *ʔsuːnʔ
僔 *ʔsuːnʔ
蹲 *zuːn
鱒 *zuːnʔ, *zuːns
鐏 *zuːns
遵 *ʔsun
鷷 *ʔsun, *zun
墫 *sʰun
竴 *sʰun

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 酋 (“vinegar”) + 寸 (“hand”) – to give 寸 (cùn) an offering 酋 (qiú) – to show respect, veneration.

Etymology[edit]

Cognate to Tibetan བཙུན (btsun), བཙུན་པ (btsun pa, “respectable, venerable”), མཚུན (mtshun, “ancestor god”). The "vessel" sense is because it was used in ritual ceremonies (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation[edit]

Rime
Character 尊
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 精 (13)
Final (韻) 魂 (55)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 祖昆切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡suən/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡suon/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡suən/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/t͡swən/
Li
Rong 		/t͡suən/
Wang
Li 		/t͡suən/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/t͡suən/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zūn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zyun1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 尊 尊
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zūn zūn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tswon › ‹ tswon ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[ts]ˁu[n]/ /*[ts]ˁu[n]/
English honor (v.) wine-cup

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 尊
Reading # 1/1
No. 17984
Phonetic
component 		尊
Rime
group 		文
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		尊
Old
Chinese 		/*ʔsuːn/

Definitions[edit]

尊

  1. to respect; to revere; to venerate
  2. to honor
  3. zun (a type of container for alcoholic beverage in historical China)
  4. Classifier for heavy and chiefly immobile artificial objects; colossuses.
    一尊巨像  ―  yī zūn jùxiàng  ―  a colossal statue
    一尊大炮  ―  yī zūn dàpào  ―  a large cannon

Synonyms[edit]

  • (respect): 敬 (jìng), 崇 (chóng), 重 (zhòng)
  • (respectable): 崇 (chóng)

Antonyms[edit]

  • (respect): 鄙 (bǐ), 蔑 (miè), 藐 (miǎo)

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 尊

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

尊

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. noble, precious
  2. exalt, revere
  3. indicates respect and reverence, such as to a buddha or nobleman

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

Etymology 1[edit]

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
Kanji in this term
尊
みこと
Grade: 6
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese.

Derived from 御 (mi-, honorific prefix) +‎ 事 (koto, “thing, matter”).

Alternative forms[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

尊(みこと) • (mikoto) 

  1. (Shinto) indicates respect and reverence, such as to the 神 (kami, “Shinto deity”) or the 天皇 (tennō, “Emperor of Japan”): Highness
  2. (by extension) indicates respect to a superior or other high-ranking person
  3. indicates deep affection: beloved
    • 711–712, Kojiki (poem 4)
      ...和加久佐能(わかくさの)都麻能(つまの)美許登(みこと)許登能(ことの)加多理碁登母(かたりごとも)許遠婆(こをば) [Man'yōgana]
      ...若草(わかくさ)の妻(つま)のみこと事(こと)の語(かた)り言(ごと)もこをば [Modern spelling]
      wakakusa no tsuma no mikoto koto no katarigoto mo ko o ba
      (please add an English translation of this example)
Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms

Pronoun[edit]

尊(みこと) • (mikoto) 

  1. (archaic, derogatory) second person personal pronoun: you
    Synonyms: あんた (anta), お前様 (omae-sama), 貴様 (kisama)
  2. (archaic) third person pronoun
    Synonyms: お方 (o-kata), 人 (hito)
Derived terms[edit]

Proper noun[edit]

尊(みこと) • (Mikoto) 

  1. a female given name

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
尊
とうと
Grade: 6
kun’yomi

⟨taputo1⟩ → */taputʷo/ → /tafuto/ → /tauto/ → /tɔːto/ → /toːto/

From Old Japanese.

Stem of classical adjective 尊し (tafutoshi → tōtoshi), modern 尊い (tōtoi, “precious, sacred”).

Alternative forms[edit]

Noun[edit]

尊(とうと) • (tōto) ←たふと (tafuto)?

  1. respect, reverence
    • 1702, Oku no Hosomichi
      あらたうと　青(あを)葉(ば)若(わか)葉(ば)の　日(ひ)の光(ひかり)
      ara-tōto, aoba wakaba no, hi no hikari
      (please add an English translation of this example)
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

Kanji in this term
尊
そん
Grade: 6
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 尊 (MC t͡suən).

Compare modern Mandarin 尊 (zūn).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Pronunciation for suffix sense unknown.

Noun[edit]

尊(そん) • (son) 

  1. a superior
  2. (historical) zun: an ancient wine vessel usually made of bronze

Counter[edit]

尊(そん) • (-son) 

  1. (Buddhism) counter for buddhas

Proper noun[edit]

尊(そん) • (Son) 

  1. a male or female given name

Etymology 4[edit]

Kanji in this term
尊
Grade: 6
Irregular

Nominalization of classical adjective 高し (takashi), modern 高い (takai, “high”).

Proper noun[edit]

尊(たかし) • (Takashi) 

  1. a male given name

Etymology 5[edit]

Kanji in this term
尊
Grade: 6
Irregular

Various theories exist, possibly a nominalization of verb 長ける (takeru, “to excel at”).

Proper noun[edit]

尊(たける) • (Takeru) 

  1. a male given name

References[edit]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

尊 (eumhun 높을 존 (nopeul jon))

  1. Hanja form? of 존 (“respect; revere; veneration”).

Compounds[edit]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

尊: Hán Việt readings: tôn (祖(tổ)昆(côn)切(thiết))[1][2][3]
尊: Nôm readings: tôn[2][4], nhôn[3][5], ton[3][5], chun[1], tông[1], tun[5]

  1. chữ Hán form of tôn (“to respect”).

Compounds[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Nguyễn (2014).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Trần (2004).
  4. ^ Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Hồ (1976).
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