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尊

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
尊 U+5C0A, 尊
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5C0A
← 尉
[U+5C09] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 尋 →
[U+5C0B]

Translingual

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Han character

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尊 (Kangxi radical 41, 寸+9, 12 strokes, Cangjie input 廿田木戈 (TWDI), four-corner 80346, composition ⿱酋寸)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 295, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7445
  • Dae Jaweon: page 585, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 509, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+5C0A

Chinese

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trad. 尊
simp. # 尊
2nd round simp. 𰃝
alternative forms 𡭆
𢍜
𥈪
Wikipedia has articles on:
Bronze zun vessel (尊 (zūn)), c. 11th century BCE

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 尊
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (尊) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
尊 *ʔsuːn
樽 *ʔsuːn
罇 *ʔsuːn
嶟 *ʔsuːn, *ʔsun
繜 *ʔsuːn
撙 *ʔsuːnʔ
噂 *ʔsuːnʔ
譐 *ʔsuːnʔ
僔 *ʔsuːnʔ
蹲 *zuːn
鱒 *zuːnʔ, *zuːns
鐏 *zuːns
遵 *ʔsun
鷷 *ʔsun, *zun
墫 *sʰun
竴 *sʰun

Shuowen: Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 酋 (“wine”) + 寸 (“hand”) – a hand 寸 (cùn) offering a vessel of wine 酋 (qiú) to show respect and veneration.

However, based on the small seal script, it may instead be a variant of 𢍜, which is Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 酋 (“wine”) + 廾 (“two hands”).

Etymology

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Cognate to Tibetan བཙུན (btsun), བཙུན་པ (btsun pa, “respectable, venerable”), མཚུན (mtshun, “ancestor god”). The "vessel" sense is because it was used in ritual ceremonies (Schuessler, 2007).

"glorious; marvelous; wonderful"
Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 尊(とうと)い (tōtoi).

Pronunciation

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Note: zeon1 - "zun".
Rime
Character 尊
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 精 (13)
Final (韻) 魂 (55)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 祖昆切
Baxter tswon
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡suən/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡suon/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡suən/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/t͡swən/
Li
Rong 		/t͡suən/
Wang
Li 		/t͡suən/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/t͡suən/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zūn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zyun1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 尊 尊
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zūn zūn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tswon › ‹ tswon ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[ts]ˁu[n]/ /*[ts]ˁu[n]/
English honor (v.) wine-cup

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 尊
Reading # 1/1
No. 17984
Phonetic
component 		尊
Rime
group 		文
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		尊
Old
Chinese 		/*ʔsuːn/

Definitions

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尊

  1. to respect; to revere; to venerate
  2. to honor
  3. (historical) zun (a type of container for alcoholic beverage in historical China)
    alt. forms: 樽 (zūn), 鐏 / 𨱔 (zūn), 罇 / 樽 (zūn)
  4. Classifier for heavy and chiefly immobile artificial objects; colossuses. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier
    一尊巨像  ―  yī zūn jùxiàng  ―  a colossal statue
    一尊大炮  ―  yī zūn dàpào  ―  a large cannon
  5. your (honorfic)
    尊夫人  ―  zūn fūrén  ―  your wife (honorfic)
  6. (ACG) glorious; marvelous; wonderful

Synonyms

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  • (respect): 敬 (jìng), 崇 (chóng), 重 (zhòng)
  • (respectable): 崇 (chóng)

Antonyms

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  • (antonym(s) of “respect”): 鄙 (bǐ), 蔑 (miè), 藐 (miǎo)

Compounds

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (尊):
  • → Korean: 존(尊) (jon)
  • → Vietnamese: tôn (尊)

References

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Japanese

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Shinjitai 尊
Kyūjitai
[1]
尊󠄂
尊+&#xE0102;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
尊󠄄
尊+&#xE0104;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

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尊

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. noble, precious
  2. exalt, revere
  3. indicates respect and reverence, such as to a buddha or nobleman

Readings

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Compounds

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Etymology 1

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Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
Kanji in this term
尊
みこと
Grade: 6
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese.

Derived from 御 (mi-, honorific prefix) +‎ 事 (koto, “thing, matter”).

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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尊(みこと) • (mikoto) 

  1. (Shinto) indicates respect and reverence, such as to the 神 (kami, “Shinto deity”) or the 天皇 (tennō, “Emperor of Japan”): Highness
  2. (by extension) indicates respect to a superior or other high-ranking person
  3. indicates deep affection: beloved
    • 711–712, Kojiki, poem 4:
      ...和加久佐能(わかくさの)都麻能(つまの)美許登(みこと)許登能(ことの)加多理碁登母(かたりごとも)許遠婆(こをば) [Man'yōgana]
      ...若草(わかくさ)の妻(つま)のみこと事(こと)の語(かた)り言(ごと)もこをば [Modern spelling]
      wakakusa no tsuma no mikoto koto no katarigoto mo ko o ba
      (please add an English translation of this example)
Derived terms
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Pronoun

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尊(みこと) • (mikoto) 

  1. (archaic, derogatory) second person personal pronoun: you
    Synonyms: あんた (anta), お前様 (omae-sama), 貴様 (kisama)
  2. (archaic) third person pronoun
    Synonyms: お方 (o-kata), 人 (hito)
Derived terms
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Proper noun

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尊(みこと) • (Mikoto) 

  1. a male given name
  2. a female given name

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
尊
とうと
Grade: 6
kun'yomi

⟨taputo1⟩ → */taputʷo/ → /tafuto/ → /tauto/ → /tɔːto/ → /toːto/

From Old Japanese.

Stem of classical adjective 尊し (tafutoshi → tōtoshi), modern 尊い (tōtoi, “precious, sacred”).

Alternative forms

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Noun

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尊(とうと) • (tōto) ←たふと (tafuto)?

  1. respect, reverence
    • 1702, Oku no Hosomichi:
      あらたうと　青(あを)葉(ば)若(わか)葉(ば)の　日(ひ)の光(ひかり)
      ara-tōto, aoba wakaba no, hi no hikari
      (please add an English translation of this example)
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Derived terms
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Etymology 3

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Kanji in this term
尊
そん
Grade: 6
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 尊 (MC tswon).

Compare modern Mandarin 尊 (zūn).

Pronunciation

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  • Pronunciation for suffix sense unknown.

Noun

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尊(そん) • (son) 

  1. a superior
  2. (historical) zun: an ancient wine vessel usually made of bronze

Counter

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尊(そん) • (-son) 

  1. (Buddhism) counter for buddhas

Proper noun

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尊(そん) • (Son) 

  1. a male or female given name

Etymology 4

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Kanji in this term
尊
Grade: 6
irregular

Nominalization of classical adjective 高し (takashi), modern 高い (takai, “high”).

Proper noun

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尊(たかし) • (Takashi) 

  1. a male given name

Etymology 5

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Kanji in this term
尊
Grade: 6
irregular

Various theories exist, possibly a nominalization of verb 長ける (takeru, “to excel at”).

Proper noun

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尊(たける) • (Takeru) 

  1. a male given name

References

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  1. ^ “尊”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

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Hanja

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尊 (eumhun 높을 존 (nopeul jon))

  1. hanja form? of 존 (“respect; revere; veneration”)

Compounds

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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尊: Hán Việt readings: tôn (祖(tổ)昆(côn)切(thiết))[1][2][3]
尊: Nôm readings: tôn[2][4], nhôn[3][5], ton[3][5], chun[1], tông[1], tun[5]

  1. chữ Hán form of tôn (“to respect”)

Compounds

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References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Nguyễn (2014).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Trần (2004).
  4. ^ Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Hồ (1976).
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