硅
Translingual
Han character
硅 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+6, 11 strokes, cangjie input 一口土土 (MRGG), four-corner 14614, composition ⿰石圭)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 829, character 40
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24151
- Dae Jaweon: page 1245, character 11
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2427, character 7
- Unihan data for U+7845
Chinese
simp. and trad. |
硅 |
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Chemical element | |
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Si | |
Previous: 鋁/铝 (Al) | |
Next: 磷 (lín) (P) |
Glyph origin
Old Chinese | |
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街 | *kreː, *kreː |
鞋 | *ɡreː, *ɡreː, *ɡreː |
娾 | *ŋreː, *ŋreːʔ |
佳 | *kreː |
鮭 | *ɡreː, *kʷeː, *kʰʷeː |
涯 | *ŋreː, *ŋre |
崖 | *ŋreː, *ŋre |
啀 | *ŋreː |
厓 | *ŋreː |
捱 | *ŋreː |
睚 | *ŋreːs |
娃 | *qreː |
洼 | *qreː, *qʷraː, *kʷeː |
哇 | *qreː, *qʷraː |
胿 | *ɡeː, *kʷeː |
溎 | *qeːns |
觟 | *ɡʷraːʔ |
黊 | *ɡʷraːʔ, *ɡʷreːs, *ɡʷeː |
蘳 | *ɡʷraːʔ, *qʰʷe |
蛙 | *qʷraː, *qʷreː |
窪 | *qʷraː |
卦 | *kʷreːs |
挂 | *kʷreːs |
掛 | *kʷreːs |
詿 | *kʷreːs, *ɡʷreːs |
罣 | *kʷreːs, *ɡʷreːs, *kʷeːs |
絓 | *kʰʷreː, *ɡʷreːs |
鼃 | *ɢʷreː, *qʷreː |
圭 | *kʷeː |
珪 | *kʷeː |
邽 | *kʷeː |
閨 | *kʷeː |
袿 | *kʷeː |
窐 | *kʷeː, *ɡʷeː |
茥 | *kʷeː, *kʰʷeː |
桂 | *kʷeːs |
筀 | *kʷeːs |
奎 | *kʰʷeː |
刲 | *kʰʷeː |
蝰 | *kʰʷeː |
楏 | *kʰʷeː |
睳 | *qʰʷeː |
畦 | *ɡʷeː |
眭 | *ɡʷeː, *sqʰʷe, *qʰʷe, *qʰʷi |
烓 | *qʷeː, *kʰʷeːŋʔ |
跬 | *kʰʷeʔ |
恚 | *qʷes |
硅 | *qʰʷreɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *qʰʷreɡ) : semantic 石 (“stone”) + phonetic 圭.
Etymology 1
A orthographic borrowing from Japanese 硅素 (keiso);[1] pronunciation from its phonetic part 圭 (guī).[1] The usage of 矽 (xī) is dated in Mainland China as it is homophonous to 硒 (xī) and 錫/锡 (xī). In Taiwan, these three words are not homophonous.
1933 work 化學命名原則 says:
- Silicon舊譯一作硅,一作矽,硅由日名珪素孳演而成,因爲固體,故改王旁爲石;於義既無可取,不如用諧聲之矽。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: 化學命名原則, 1933
- Silicon jiù yì yī zuò guī, yī zuò xī, guī yóu rì míng guīsù zīyǎn ér chéng, yīn wèi gùtǐ, gù gǎi wáng páng wèi shí; yú yì jì wú kěqǔ, bùrú yòng xiéshēng zhī xī. [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
Silicon旧译一作硅,一作矽,硅由日名珪素孳演而成,因为固体,故改王旁为石;于义既无可取,不如用谐声之矽。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
The Japanese term 硅素, originally 珪素, comes from earlier 珪土, a term coined in 1837 book 舎密开宗, as a partial calque of Dutch keiaarde.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄟ
- Tongyong Pinyin: guei
- Wade–Giles: kuei1
- Yale: gwēi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guei
- Palladius: гуй (guj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: gwai1
- Yale: gwāi
- Cantonese Pinyin: gwai1
- Guangdong Romanization: guei1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʷɐi̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
Definitions
Synonyms
- (Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macau) 矽 (xī)
Compounds
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Etymology 2
For pronunciation and definitions of 硅 – see 砉 (“sound of a thing flying quickly by; whoosh; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 砉). |
References
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), C08724
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), B02950
Japanese
Kanji
Readings
As variant kanji of 砉: (Can we verify(+) this pronunciation?)
- Go-on: きゃく (kyaku)←きやく (kyaku, historical)←くゐゃく (kwyyaku, ancient)
- Kan-on: かく (kaku)←くわく (kwaku, historical)
- Kun: やぶる (yaburu, 硅る)
Compounds
Korean
Hanja
硅 (eum 규 (gyu))
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Vietnamese
Han character
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.
References
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Han script characters
- zh:Chemical elements
- Han phono-semantic compounds
- Chinese terms borrowed from Japanese
- Chinese orthographic borrowings from Japanese
- Chinese terms derived from Japanese
- Literary Chinese terms with quotations
- Chinese terms derived from Dutch
- Mandarin terms with audio pronunciation
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Chinese hanzi
- Mandarin hanzi
- Cantonese hanzi
- Hokkien hanzi
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Hokkien nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 硅
- Mainland China Chinese
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Middle Chinese hanzi
- Old Chinese hanzi
- Chinese variant forms
- Japanese kanji
- Japanese hyōgai kanji
- Japanese kanji with kan'yōon reading けい
- Japanese kanji with goon reading きゃく
- Japanese kanji with historical goon reading きやく
- Japanese kanji with ancient goon reading くゐゃく
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading かく
- Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading くわく
- Japanese kanji with kun reading やぶ・る
- Korean lemmas
- Korean hanja
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters