fill

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See also: Fill and fíll

English

 fill on Wikipedia

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Middle English fillen, fullen, from Old English fyllan (“to fill, fill up, replenish, satisfy; complete, fulfill”), from Proto-West Germanic *fullijan, from Proto-Germanic *fullijaną (“to make full, fill”), from *fullaz (“full”), from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós (“full”).

Cognate with Scots fill (“to fill”), West Frisian folje (“to fill”), Low German füllen (“to fill”), Dutch vullen (“to fill”), German füllen (“to fill”), Danish fylde (“to fill”), Swedish fylla (“to fill”), Norwegian fylle (“to fill”), Icelandic fylla (“to fill”) and Latin plenus (“full”)

Verb

fill (third-person singular simple present fills, present participle filling, simple past and past participle filled)

  1. (transitive) To occupy fully, to take up all of.
    • c. 1761 Tobias Smollett, translator, Don Quixote, part 2, book 5, chapter 4:
      […] the drums began to thunder, the sound of trumpets filled the air, the earth trembled beneath their feet, and the hearts of the gazing multitude throbbed with suspense and expectation […]
    • 1860 December – 1861 August, Charles Dickens, chapter XXXVIII, in Great Expectations […], volumes (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Chapman and Hall, […], published October 1861, →OCLC:
      And now that I have given the one chapter to the theme that so filled my heart, and so often made it ache and ache again, I pass on, unhindered, to the event that had impended over me longer yet […] .
  2. (transitive) To add contents to (a container, cavity, or the like) so that it is full.
    • 1913, Joseph C. Lincoln, chapter 3, in Mr. Pratt's Patients:
      My hopes wa'n't disappointed. I never saw clams thicker than they was along them inshore flats. I filled my dreener in no time, and then it come to me that 'twouldn't be a bad idee to get a lot more, take 'em with me to Wellmouth, and peddle 'em out. Clams was fairly scarce over that side of the bay and ought to fetch a fair price.
    • 1950, Arthur W. Upfield, The Bachelors of Broken Hill, chapter 11:
      She continued to frown as she filled Bony's cup and added brandy to her own.
    • 2005, Wendy Coakley-Thompson, What You Won't Do for Love, 2006 edition, →ISBN, page 10 [1]:
      She forgave him the pain as he filled the cavity in her back molar. Three weeks later, she let him fill a more intimate cavity.
    • 2006, Gilbert Morris, Sante Fe Woman, B&H, page 95 [2]:
      Grat Herendeen was the first man, a huge man with his bull whip coiled and over his shoulder seeming almost a part of him. He grinned at her as she filled his plate with the eggs and motioned toward the bacon. "Help yourself, Grat."
  3. To enter (something), making it full.
    • 1910 May 13, John C. Sherwin, opinion, Delashmutt et al. v. Chicago, B. & Q. R. Co. et al., reprinted in volume 126, North Western Reporter, page 359, at 360:
      In the evening of the 14th of July, there was a rainfall of 3 or 3½ inches in that locality. The water filled the ditch so full that it overflowed the levees on both sides in many places […] .
    • 2004, Peter Westen, The Logic of Consent, Ashgate, →ISBN, page 322 [3]:
      As the crowd filled the aisles, S repeated loudly what he had announced upon entering the stadium: 'I don't want anyone to touch me, and I will call the police if anyone does.'
  4. (intransitive) To become full.
    the bucket filled with rain;  the sails fill with wind
  5. (intransitive) To become pervaded with something.
    My heart filled with joy.
  6. (transitive) To satisfy or obey (an order, request, or requirement).
    The pharmacist filled my prescription for penicillin.
    We can't let the library close! It fills a great need in the community.
  7. (transitive) To install someone, or be installed, in (a position or office), eliminating a vacancy.
    • 1891 January 23, Allen Morse, opinion, Lawrence v. Hanley, reprinted in volume 47, Northwestern Reporter, page 753, at 755:
      The board of supervisors called a specal[sic] election to fill the office, and at such special election Henry C. Andrews was elected judge of probate to fill out the said term.
    Sorry, no more applicants. The position has been filled.
  8. (transitive) To treat (a tooth) by adding a dental filling to it.
    • a. 1891 "Intimate Diagnosis of Diseased Teeth", in Items of Interest: A Monthly Magazine of Dental Art, Science and Literature, volume 13, number 11, November 1891, page 657 [4]:
      Be that as it may, had the disturbance continued after our having filled the molar, and presuming that nothing had been done to the bicuspid, we might have been still as far as ever from knowing where the trouble lay.
    Dr. Smith filled Jim's cavity with silver amalgam.
  9. (transitive) To fill or supply fully with food; to feed; to satisfy.
  10. (transitive, nautical) To trim (a yard) so that the wind blows on the after side of the sails.
  11. (transitive, slang, vulgar, of a male) To have sexual intercourse with (a female).
    Did you fill that girl last night?
Synonyms
Antonyms
  • (add contents to a container or cavity): empty
  • (to become full): empty
Hyponyms
Derived terms
Translations
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Etymology 2

From Middle English fylle, vülle, fülle, from Old English fyllu, from Proto-Germanic *fullį̄ (“fullness”). Cognate with German Fülle.

Noun

fill (plural fills)

  1. (after a possessive) A sufficient or more than sufficient amount.
    Don't feed him any more: he's had his fill.
  2. An amount that fills a container.
    The mixer returned to the plant for another fill.
  3. The filling of a container or area.
    That machine can do 20 fills a minute.
    This paint program supports lines, circles, and textured fills.
  4. Inexpensive material used to occupy empty spaces, especially in construction.
    The ruins of earlier buildings were used as fill for more recent construction.
  5. (archaeology) Soil and/or human-created debris discovered within a cavity or cut in the layers and exposed by excavation; fill soil.
  6. An embankment, as in railroad construction, to fill a hollow or ravine; also, the place which is to be filled.
  7. (music) A short passage, riff, or rhythmic sound that helps to keep the listener's attention during a break between the phrases of a melody.
    • 2015, Dawei Zheng, Control, Mechatronics and Automation Technology, →ISBN:
      The second part of recomposed Embroidering Golden Banner achieves the brightness and cheerfulness of music, and presents a cheerful passion through sanda playing methods such as left-hind octave fills, right-hand echo decoration, and encircled decoration.
    bass fill
Hyponyms
Derived terms
Translations

Etymology 3

See thill.

Noun

fill (plural fills)

  1. One of the thills or shafts of a carriage.
    • 2008, Martha E. Green, Pioneers in Pith Helmets
      It was a challenge to learn to harness him, guide him slowly back between the fills of the carriage, then to fasten the right buckles and snaps, making the harness and buggy all ready for travel to church or to town.

Albanian

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin filum.

Noun

fill m (plural fije)

  1. thread, yarn

Etymology 2

Unclear. Probably from Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“to place, stell; fixed, motionless, still, stiff”)

Adverb

fill

  1. at once, immediately, alone
  2. instant
Derived terms

Catalan

Etymology

From Latin fīlius, from archaic Latin fīlios (“son”). Cognate to Occitan filh, French fils.

Pronunciation

Noun

fill m (plural fills, feminine filla)

  1. son

Derived terms

Further reading

Irish

Pronunciation

  • Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "Munster" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /fʲiːlʲ/
  • Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "Galway" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /fʲiːl̠ʲ/
  • Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "Mayo" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /fʲɪl̠ʲ/

Etymology 1

From Old Irish fillid (“turns back”), from Proto-Celtic *wel-n-, from Proto-Indo-European *wel- (“turn”); compare German walzen (“roll”), Latin volvō (“turn”).

Verb

fill (present analytic filleann, future analytic fillfidh, verbal noun filleadh, past participle fillte)

  1. turn back
  2. return
  3. fold
  4. (biology, geology, medicine) plicate
  5. (medicine, of symptoms) recur
Conjugation
conjugation of fill (first conjugation – A)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present fillim filleann tú;
fillir† 		filleann sé, sí fillimid filleann sibh filleann siad;
fillid† 		a fhilleann; a fhilleas /
a bhfilleann* 		filltear
past d'fhill mé; d'fhilleas /
fhill mé‡; fhilleas‡ 		d'fhill tú; d'fhillis /
fhill tú; fhillis‡ 		d'fhill sé, sí /
fhill sé, sí‡ 		d'fhilleamar; d'fhill muid /
fhilleamar; fhill muid‡ 		d'fhill sibh; d'fhilleabhair /
fhill sibh;
fhilleabhair‡ 		d'fhill siad; d'fhilleadar /
fhill siad; fhilleadar‡ 		a d'fhill /
ar fhill* 		filleadh
past habitual d'fhillinn /
fhillinn‡; bhfillinn‡‡ 		d'fhillteá /
fhillteá‡; bhfillteᇇ 		d'fhilleadh sé, sí /
fhilleadh sé, sí‡; bhfilleadh sé, s퇇 		d'fhillimis; d'fhilleadh muid /
fhillimis; fhilleadh muid‡; bhfillimis‡‡; bhfilleadh muid‡‡ 		d'fhilleadh sibh /
fhilleadh sibh‡; bhfilleadh sibh‡‡ 		d'fhillidís; d'fhilleadh siad /
fhillidís; fhilleadh siad‡; bhfillidís‡‡; bhfilleadh siad‡‡ 		a d'fhilleadh /
a bhfilleadh* 		d'fhilltí /
fhilltí‡; bhfillt퇇
future fillfidh mé;
fillfead 		fillfidh tú;
fillfir† 		fillfidh sé, sí fillfimid;
fillfidh muid 		fillfidh sibh fillfidh siad;
fillfid† 		a fhillfidh; a fhillfeas /
a bhfillfidh* 		fillfear
conditional d'fhillfinn / fhillfinn‡; bhfillfinn‡‡ d'fhillfeá / fhillfeá‡; bhfillfeᇇ d'fhillfeadh sé, sí / fhillfeadh sé, sí‡; bhfillfeadh sé, s퇇 d'fhillfimis; d'fhillfeadh muid / fhillfimis‡; fhillfeadh muid‡; bhfillfimis‡‡; bhfillfeadh muid‡‡ d'fhillfeadh sibh / fhillfeadh sibh‡; bhfillfeadh sibh‡‡ d'fhillfidís; d'fhillfeadh siad / fhillfidís‡; fhillfeadh siad‡; bhfillfidís‡‡; bhfillfeadh siad‡‡ a d'fhillfeadh /
a bhfillfeadh* 		d'fhillfí / fhillfí‡; bhfillf퇇
subjunctive present go bhfille mé;
go bhfillead† 		go bhfille tú;
go bhfillir† 		go bhfille sé, sí go bhfillimid;
go bhfille muid 		go bhfille sibh go bhfille siad;
go bhfillid† 		— go bhfilltear
past dá bhfillinn dá bhfillteá dá bhfilleadh sé, sí dá bhfillimis;
dá bhfilleadh muid 		dá bhfilleadh sibh dá bhfillidís;
dá bhfilleadh siad 		— dá bhfilltí
imperative fillim fill filleadh sé, sí fillimis filligí;
fillidh† 		fillidís — filltear
verbal noun filleadh
past participle fillte

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡ dependent form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Derived terms
  • athfhill (“recur; (of decimals) circulate; refold; reflect”)

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

fill

  1. (deprecated template usage) genitive singular of feall

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
fill fhill bhfill
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish fillid (“turns back”), from Proto-Celtic *wel-n-, from Proto-Indo-European *wel- (“turn”).

Pronunciation

Verb

fill (past dh'fhill, future fillidh, verbal noun filleadh, past participle fillte)

  1. fold; plait; twill
  2. imply
  3. contain, include

Derived terms

Mutation

Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical Lenition
fill fhill
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

  • Edward Dwelly (1911) “fill”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎[5], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
  • Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “fillid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
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