蟹
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]蟹 (Kangxi radical 142, 虫+13, 19 strokes, cangjie input 弓手中一戈 (NQLMI), four-corner 27136, composition ⿱解虫)
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1098, character 49
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 33668
- Dae Jaweon: page 1563, character 5
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2898, character 2
- Unihan data for U+87F9
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 蟹 | |
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simp. # | 蟹 | |
alternative forms | 蠏 䲒 𩼠 蚧 informal (especially Cantonese) |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 蟹 |
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Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
Small seal script |
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Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *ɡreːʔ) : phonetic 解 (OC *kreːʔ, *kreːs, *ɡreːʔ, *ɡreːs) + semantic 虫. Originally written as 蠏.
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-k(j)aːj (“crab”). Compare S'gaw Karen ဆွဲၣ် (hsweh̀).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): hai3 / xiai4
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): hai3
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): xie3
- Northern Min (KCR): hāi
- Eastern Min (BUC): hâ
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5ha
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): hai3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄝˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: siè
- Wade–Giles: hsieh4
- Yale: syè
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shieh
- Palladius: се (se)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, variant)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄝˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: siě
- Wade–Giles: hsieh3
- Yale: syě
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiee
- Palladius: се (se)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi̯ɛ²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: hai3 / xiai4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xaai / xiai
- Sinological IPA (key): /xai⁵³/, /ɕiɛi²¹³/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- hai3 - vernacular;
- xiai4 - literary.
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: haai5
- Yale: háaih
- Cantonese Pinyin: haai5
- Guangdong Romanization: hai5
- Sinological IPA (key): /haːi̯¹³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: hai2
- Sinological IPA (key): /hai⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: hai3
- Sinological IPA (key): /hai²¹³/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hái
- Hakka Romanization System: haiˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: hai3
- Sinological IPA: /hai̯³¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: xie3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /ɕie⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hāi
- Sinological IPA (key): /xai⁵⁵/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: hâ
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɑ²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hōe
- Tâi-lô: huē
- Phofsit Daibuun: hoe
- IPA (Xiamen, Kinmen): /hue²²/
- IPA (Taipei): /hue³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang)
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan, Taichung)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hē
- Tâi-lô: hē
- Phofsit Daibuun: he
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /he²²/
- IPA (Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /he³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hāi
- Tâi-lô: hāi
- Phofsit Daibuun: hai
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hai³³/
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hai²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hǎi
- Tâi-lô: hǎi
- IPA (Quanzhou): /hai²²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu)
- hōe/hǒe/hē - vernacular;
- hāi/hǎi - literary.
- Middle Chinese: heaX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*m-kˤreʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡreːʔ/
Definitions
[edit]蟹
- crab (Classifier: 隻/只 c)
- 大蟹在海中。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
- From: The Classic of Mountains and Seas
- Dàxiè zài hǎizhōng. [Pinyin]
- A great crab is in the middle of the sea.
- 蟹六跪而二螯,非蛇蟺之穴,無可寄託者,用心躁也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Xunzi, c. 3rd century BCE
- Xiè liù guì ér èr áo, fēi shéshàn zhī xué, wúkě jìtuō zhě, yòngxīn zào yě. [Pinyin]
- The crab has six legs and two pincers; yet without the snake's or the eel's hole, it cannot have a shelter; for its mind is restless.
蟹六跪而二螯,非蛇蟺之穴,无可寄托者,用心躁也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (Cantonese, slang, of stocks, goods, etc.) to decrease in value, such that selling it will result in loss
Synonyms
[edit]Compounds
[edit]- 一蟹不如一蟹 (yī xiè bùrú yī xiè)
- 上山捉蟹——難/上山捉蟹——难 (shàngshān zhuō xiè, nán)
- 大煠蟹 (dàzháxiè)
- 大石砸死蟹
- 大閘蟹/大闸蟹 (dàzháxiè)
- 寄居蟹 (jìjūxiè)
- 巨蟹座 (Jùxièzuò)
- 快蟹船
- 扮蟹
- 旭蟹
- 梭子蟹 (suōzixiè)
- 毛蟹 (máoxiè)
- 沒腳蟹/没脚蟹
- 沙蟹
- 河蟹 (héxiè)
- 海蟹
- 炒蝦拆蟹/炒虾拆蟹
- 無腳蟹/无脚蟹
- 瓷蟹
- 百足蟹
- 紅蟹/红蟹
- 蘆洲蟹舍/芦洲蟹舍
- 蝦兵蟹將/虾兵蟹将 (xiābīngxièjiàng)
- 蝦荒蟹亂/虾荒蟹乱
- 螃蟹 (pángxiè)
- 蟹匡蟬緌/蟹匡蝉𮉫
- 蟹殼臉/蟹壳脸
- 蟹狀星雲/蟹状星云
- 蟹箝
- 蟹股
- 蟹螯 (xiè'áo)
- 蟹行 (xièxíng)
- 蟹行文字
- 蟹貨/蟹货
- 蟹貨/蟹货
- 蟹青
- 蟹黃/蟹黄 (xièhuáng)
- 蠶績蟹匡/蚕绩蟹匡 (cánjìxièkuāng)
- 軟腳蟹/软脚蟹 (ruǎnjiǎoxiè)
- 醉蟹
- 青蟹
- 魚蝦蟹/鱼虾蟹
References
[edit]- “蟹”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]Readings
[edit]Etymology
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Gecarcinus_quadratus_%28Nosara%29.jpg/250px-Gecarcinus_quadratus_%28Nosara%29.jpg)
Kanji in this term |
---|
蟹 |
かに Jinmeiyō |
kun'yomi |
From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *kani.
Possibly a compound of 殻 (kara, “shell”) + 丹 (ni, “red”).
Possibly cognate with Korean 게 (ge, “crab”); compare Jeju 깅이 (ging'i, “crab”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- a crab (infraorder Brachyura)
Usage notes
[edit]- As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as カニ.
References
[edit]- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Kikai
[edit]
Kanji
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Cognate with Japanese 蟹 (kani, “crab”).
Possibly cognate with Korean 게 (ge, “crab”); compare Jeju 깅이 (ging'i, “crab”).
Noun
[edit]蟹 (ganī)
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]Miyako
[edit]
Kanji
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Cognate with Japanese 蟹 (kani, “crab”).
Possibly cognate with Korean 게 (ge, “crab”); compare Jeju 깅이 (ging'i, “crab”).
Noun
[edit]蟹 (kan)
Okinawan
[edit]
Kanji
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Cognate with Japanese 蟹 (kani). Possibly cognate with Korean 게 (ge, “crab”); compare Jeju 깅이 (ging'i, “crab”).
Noun
[edit]蟹 (gani)
Okinoerabu
[edit]
Kanji
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Cognate with Japanese 蟹 (kani, “crab”).
Possibly cognate with Korean 게 (ge, “crab”); compare Jeju 깅이 (ging'i, “crab”).
Noun
[edit]蟹 (gani)
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Yoron
[edit]
Kanji
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Cognate with Japanese 蟹 (kani, “crab”).
Possibly cognate with Korean 게 (ge, “crab”);
Noun
[edit]蟹 (gan)
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