rum

See also: Rum, rúm, rùm, Rùm, rüm, and rum.

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɹʌm/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ʌm

Etymology 1

In common use since by at least 1654, of uncertain origin. Theories include:

• that it derives from rum (“fine, good”), or from the last syllable of (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Latin saccharum (given the harsh taste of earlier rum, the first theory is now considered unlikely),
• that it is a shortening of rumbullion or rumbustion, or
• that it is from a (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Romani word for "strong, potent" which is (perhaps) the source of ramboozle and rumfustian (but these drinks were not originally made with rum)
• that it derives from rummer, from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Dutch

Noun

rum (countable and uncountable, plural rums)

1. (uncountable) A distilled spirit derived from fermented cane sugar and molasses.

   The Royal Navy used to issue a rum ration to sailors.

2. (countable) A serving of rum.

   Jake tossed down three rums.

3. (countable) A kind or brand of rum.

   Bundaberg is one of my favourite rums.

4. (obsolete, slang) A queer or odd person or thing.
5. (obsolete, slang) A country parson.
   • (Can we date this quote by Jonathan Swift and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)

     No company comes / But a rabble of tenants, and rusty dull rums.

Synonyms

• (odd person): odd duck, strange fish, weirdo; see also Thesaurus:strange person
• (odd thing): abnormality, deviant, outlier; see also Thesaurus:anomaly

Translations

distilled spirit

• Albanian: rum (sq) m
• Arabic: رَم m (ram)
• Armenian: ռոմ (hy) (ṙom)
• Asturian: ron m
• Azerbaijani: rom
• Belarusian: ром m (rom)
• Bengali: রাম (ram)
• Bulgarian: ром (bg) m (rom)
• Burmese: ရမ် (my) (ram)
• Catalan: rom (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 冧酒 (lam¹ zau²)

  Mandarin: 蘭姆酒／兰姆酒 (zh) (lánmǔjiǔ), 兰姆酒 (zh) (lánmǔjiǔ), 萊姆酒／莱姆酒 (láimǔjiǔ), 莱姆酒 (láimǔjiǔ), 朗姆酒 (lǎngmǔjiǔ)

• Czech: rum (cs) m
• Danish: rom (da) c
• Dutch: rum (nl) m
• Estonian: rumm
• Faroese: romm
• Finnish: rommi (fi)
• French: rhum (fr) m
• Galician: ron (gl) m
• Georgian: რომი (romi)
• German: Rum (de) m
• Greek: ρούμι (el) (roúmi)
• Hebrew: רום (he) m (rom)
• Hindi: रम (hi) (ram)
• Hungarian: rum (hu)
• Icelandic: romm n
• Italian: rum (it) m
• Japanese: ラム酒 (ramu-shu), ラム (ramu)
• Kazakh: ром (rom)
• Khmer: ស្រាអំពៅ (sraaʼɑmpɨw)
• Korean: 럼 (ko) (reom)
• Kyrgyz: ром (rom)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Lao: ເຫລົ້າອ້ອຍ (lao ʼǭi)
• Latvian: rums
• Lithuanian: romas m
• Macedonian: рум m (rum)
• Malay: rum
• Maori: rama
• Neapolitan: rùmma
• Norman: rhunme m
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: rom (no) m

  Nynorsk: rom m

• Occitan: ròm m
• Persian: رم (fa) (rom)
• Polish: rum (pl) m
• Portuguese: rum (pt) m
• Romanian: rom (ro) m
• Russian: ром (ru) m (rom)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: рум m

  Roman: rum (sh) m

• Slovak: rum (sk) m
• Slovene: rum (sl) m
• Spanish: ron (es) m
• Swedish: rom (sv) c
• Tagalog: ron
• Tajik: ром (rom)
• Telugu: రమ్ము (te) (rammu)
• Thai: เหล้ารัม (lâo ram), รัม (ram), เหล้า (th) (lâo)
• Turkish: rom (tr)
• Ukrainian: ром m (rom)
• Urdu: رم (ram)
• Uzbek: rom (uz)
• Vietnamese: rượu rum, rum (vi)

serving

• Finnish: rommi (fi)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}

kind or brand

• Finnish: rommi (fi)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}

Etymology 2

From the earlier form rome, slang for good; possibly of (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Romani origin; compare rom.

Adjective

rum (comparative rummer, superlative rummest)

1. (obsolete) Fine, excellent, valuable. [16th c.]

   having a rum time

2. (British, colloquial, dated) Strange, peculiar. [18th c.]

   a rum idea; a rum fellow

   • 1837-9, Charles Dickens, Oliver Twist:

     "Lor, Noah!" said Charlotte, "What a rum creature you are! Why don't you let the boy alone?"

   • 1951, C. S. Lewis, Prince Caspian, Google Books

     "Can't you see him?"

     "Well, I almost thought I did—for a moment. It's such a rum light."

   • 1976, James Herriot, All Things Wise and Wonderful, page 346

     "She's as 'appy as Larry, but she'll neither move nor eat. It's a rum 'un, isn't it?" It was very rum indeed.

Synonyms

• (fine, excellent, valuable): exceptional, pukka, top-notch; see also Thesaurus:excellent
• (strange, peculiar): bizarre, queer, rummy; see also Thesaurus:strange

Derived terms

• rum go

Noun

rum (plural rums)

1. (British, colloquial, dated) Any odd person or thing.

Etymology 3

Shortening of rummy.

Noun

rum

1. (rare) The card game rummy.

Anagrams

• MRU, RMU, URM

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Chuukese

Etymology

Borrowed from English room.

Noun

rum

1. room

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Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rum/

Etymology 1

Borrowed from German Rum, from English rum, originally rumbullion.

Noun

1. rum

Etymology 2

Probably from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] German Rummel (“bustle”).

Noun

1. rubble

Derived terms

• rumiště

Further reading

• Template:R:PSJC
• Template:R:SSJC

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Danish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rom/, [ʁɔmˀ]
• Rhymes: -ɔm

Etymology 1

From Old Norse rúmr, from Proto-Germanic *rūmaz (“roomy, spacious, open”).

Adjective

rum

1. wide, spacious

Usage notes

Only used in the expressions:

• i rum sø
• en rum tid

Etymology 2

From Old Norse rúm, from Proto-Germanic *rūmą (“room, open space”).

Noun

rum n (singular definite rummet, plural indefinite rum)

1. room (part of a building)
2. compartment
3. (chiefly definite) space (the universe except Earth and its atmosphere)

   De fravalgte at udforske rummet.

   They chose not to explore space.

Declension

Declension of rum

neuter gender	Singular		Plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	rum	rummet	rum	rummene
genitive	rums	rummets	rums	rummenes

Etymology 3

See rumme (“to contain, hold”).

Verb

rum

1. (deprecated template usage) imperative of rumme

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Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from English rum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rʏm/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: rum
• Rhymes: -ʏm

Noun

rum m (uncountable)

1. rum (alcoholic beverage)

Derived terms

• rumboon

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Fiji Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from English room.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ruːm/

Noun

rum

1. room

References

• Fiji Hindi Dictionary

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German

Etymology

From dialectal German (e)rum, reduced form of herum and in some dialects darum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʁʊm/

• Audio:

  (file)

Adverb

rum

1. (colloquial) Alternative form of herum (“around”)

Usage notes

• While most or all instances of standard herum can be replaced with rum in the vernacular, compounds that are inherently colloquial will typically sound odd when herum is used in them. These will appear in writing with rum or not at all.

Derived terms

• rumballern
• rumeiern
• rumsitzen
• rumstehen

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Gothic

Romanization

rum

1. Romanization of 𐍂𐌿𐌼

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Hungarian

Etymology

From German Rum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈrum]
• Hyphenation: rum

Noun

rum (plural rumok)

1. rum (a distilled spirit)

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	rum	rumok
accusative	rumot	rumokat
dative	rumnak	rumoknak
instrumental	rummal	rumokkal
causal-final	rumért	rumokért
translative	rummá	rumokká
terminative	rumig	rumokig
essive-formal	rumként	rumokként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	rumban	rumokban
superessive	rumon	rumokon
adessive	rumnál	rumoknál
illative	rumba	rumokba
sublative	rumra	rumokra
allative	rumhoz	rumokhoz
elative	rumból	rumokból
delative	rumról	rumokról
ablative	rumtól	rumoktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	rumé	rumoké
non-attributive possessive - plural	ruméi	rumokéi

Possessive forms of rum
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	rumom	rumjaim
2nd person sing.	rumod	rumjaid
3rd person sing.	rumja	rumjai
1st person plural	rumunk	rumjaink
2nd person plural	rumotok	rumjaitok
3rd person plural	rumjuk	rumjaik

Derived terms

• rumos

(Compound words):

• rumaroma
• rumesszencia

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Irish

Etymology

Borrowed from English rum.

Noun

rum m (genitive singular rum, nominative plural rumanna)

1. rum

Declension

Declension of rum

Fourth declension

Bare forms Case Singular Plural Nominative rum rumanna Vocative a rum a rumanna Genitive rum rumanna Dative rum rumanna

Forms with the definite article Case Singular Plural Nominative an rum na rumanna Genitive an rum na rumanna Dative leis an rum don rum leis na rumanna

References

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “rum”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

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Italian

Alternative forms

• rhum

Etymology

Borrowed from English rum.

Noun

rum m (uncountable)

1. rum (distilled spirit)

Derived terms

• rum fantasia

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Kashubian

Noun

rum m

1. space

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Lower Sorbian

Etymology

Borrowed from German Low German Ruum, from Old Saxon rūm, from Proto-Germanic *rūmą.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [rum]

Noun

rum m ? (diminutive rumk)

1. room, space

Declension

Declension of rum

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	rum	ruma	rumy
Genitive	ruma	rumowu	rumow
Dative	rumoju	rumoma	rumam
Accusative	rum	ruma	rumy
Instrumental	rumom	rumoma	rumami
Locative	rumje	rumoma	rumach

Derived terms

• rumašk
• rumejza
• rumnosć
• rumny
• rumowaŕ
• rumowaś
• rumowy

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Old English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ruːm/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *rūmaz. Cognate with Old Saxon rūm, Dutch ruim, Old High German rūm, Old Norse rúmr, Gothic 𐍂𐌿𐌼𐍃 (rums).

Adjective

rūm

1. spacious, roomy, open

   Ðis rume land ― the wide world (Cædmon’s Metrical Paraphrase)

   rūmwelle ― spacious

2. free, unrestricted

   rūmgāl ― joy of freedom, release

3. long, extended (of time)
4. liberal, extensive, ample, abundant, bountiful, expansive, generous

   rūmġifol ― bountiful, liberal

   rūmmōdnes ― liberality, big-heartedness

5. great, noble, august

   rūmheort ― generous

Declension

Declension of rūm — Strong

Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	rūm	rūm	rūm
Accusative	rūmne	rūme	rūm
Genitive	rūmes	rūmre	rūmes
Dative	rūmum	rūmre	rūmum
Instrumental	rūme	rūmre	rūme
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	rūme	rūma, rūme	rūm
Accusative	rūme	rūma, rūme	rūm
Genitive	rūmra	rūmra	rūmra
Dative	rūmum	rūmum	rūmum
Instrumental	rūmum	rūmum	rūmum

Declension of rūm — Weak

Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	rūma	rūme	rūme
Accusative	rūman	rūman	rūme
Genitive	rūman	rūman	rūman
Dative	rūman	rūman	rūman
Instrumental	rūman	rūman	rūman
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	rūman	rūman	rūman
Accusative	rūman	rūman	rūman
Genitive	rūmra, rūmena	rūmra, rūmena	rūmra, rūmena
Dative	rūmum	rūmum	rūmum
Instrumental	rūmum	rūmum	rūmum

Etymology 2

From Proto-Germanic *rūmą, from Proto-Indo-European *rowǝ-. Cognate with Old Saxon rūm (Low German Ruum, Dutch ruim, Old High German rūm (German Raum), Old Norse rūm (Danish and Swedish rum), Gothic 𐍂𐌿𐌼𐍃 (rums).

Noun

rūm n

1. space; a room
2. a space of time, an interval; an opportunity

   Rum wæs to nimanne londbuendum on ðam laðestan... ― It was an opportunity for the land-dwellers to seize from the most hated ones... (Judith)

Declension

Declension of rūm (strong a-stem)

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	rūm	rūm
accusative	rūm	rūm
genitive	rūmes	rūma
dative	rūme	rūmum

Derived terms

• ġerūm

Descendants

• Middle English: roum, roum, roume
  • English: room

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Pennsylvania German

Etymology

Compare German herum.

Adverb

rum

1. around

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Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rum/

• audio:

  (file)

Noun

rum m inan

1. rum

Declension

Declension of rum

	singular	plural
nominative	rum	rumy
genitive	rumu	rumów
dative	rumowi	rumom
accusative	rum	rumy
instrumental	rumem	rumami
locative	rumie	rumach
vocative	rumie	rumy

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Portuguese

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -ũ

Noun

rum m (plural runs)

1. rum

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Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse rúm, from Proto-Germanic *rūmą, from Proto-Indo-European *rowǝ-.

Pronunciation

• audio:

  (file)

Noun

rum n

1. room; part of a building.

   Jag vill ha en lägenhet med två rum

   I want a flat with two rooms

2. room; empty, available space; enough space

   Har du rum i din väska så att du kan lägga ner min bok också?

   Do you have enough space in your bag so that you could put my book too in it?

3. (mathematics) space

   Linjärt rum

   Linear space

Declension

Declension of rum
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	rum	rummet	rum	rummen
Genitive	rums	rummets	rums	rummens

Related terms

• armbågsrum
• få rum
• ge rum
• äga rum

 

Anagrams

• mur

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Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English room.

Noun

rum

1. room

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Vietnamese

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [zum˧˧]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [ʐum˧˧]
• (Saigon) IPA^(key): [ɹʊm˧˧]

Noun

rum

1. safflower