休

See also: 体

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

休 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 人木 (OD), four-corner 2429₀, composition ⿰亻木)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 96, character 2
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 440
• Dae Jaweon: page 203, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 117, character 18
• Unihan data for U+4F11

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		休

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 休
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts
Oracle bone script j14217 j14218 j14219 j14220 j14221 j14222 j14223 j14224 j14225 Bronze inscriptions b08748 b08749 b08750 b08751 b08752 b08753 b08754 b08755 b08756 b08757 b08758 b08759 b08760 b08761 b08762 b08763 b08764 b08765 b08766 b08767 b08768 b08769 b08770 b08771 b08772 b08773 b08774 b08775 b08776 b08777 b08778 b08779 b08780 b08781 b08782 b08783 b08784 b08785 b08786 b08787 b08788 b08789 b08790 b08791 b08793 b08794 b08795 b08796 b08797 b08798 b08799 b08800 b08801 b08802 b08803 b08804 b08805 b08806 b08807 b08808 b08809 Small seal script s04385 Transcribed ancient scripts L11653 L11654 L11655 L11656 L11657 L11658 L11659
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (休) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
茠	*qʰuː
烋	*qʰruː, *qʰru
恘	*kʰu
休	*qʰu
貅	*qʰu
咻	*qʰu, *qʰoʔ
庥	*qʰu
鵂	*qʰu
髤	*qʰu
髹	*qʰu

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 人 (“man”) + 木 (“tree”) – a man leaning against a tree, resting.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xiū (xiu¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄡ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jau¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): hiû

  (Meixian, Guangdong): hiu¹

• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hiu

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hiun¹ / hiu¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xiū
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄡ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: siou
    • Wade–Giles: hsiu¹
    • Yale: syōu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiou
    • Palladius: сю (sju)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jau¹
    • Yale: yāu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jau¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: yeo¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐu̯⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hiû
    • Hakka Romanization System: hiu^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: hiu¹
    • Sinological IPA: /hi̯u²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: hiu¹
    • Sinological IPA: /hiu⁴⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiu
    • Tâi-lô: hiu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hiw
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hiu⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hiu³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiu⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hiu⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiu⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: hiun¹ / hiu¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hiuⁿ / hiu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hĩũ³³/, /hiu³³/

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 休
Mandarin	Beijing	/ɕiou⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/ɕiou⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/ɕiou²¹/
	Jinan	/ɕiou²¹³/
	Qingdao	/ɕiou²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/ɕiou²⁴/
	Xi'an	/ɕiou²¹/
	Xining	/ɕiɯ⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ɕiəu⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/ɕiou³¹/
	Ürümqi	/ɕiɤu⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/ɕiəu⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/ɕiəu⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/ɕiəu⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/ɕiəu⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/ɕiəɯ³¹/
	Hefei	/ɕiɯ²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/ɕiəu¹¹/
	Pingyao	/ɕiəu¹³/
	Hohhot	/ɕiəu³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/ɕiɤ⁵³/
	Suzhou	/ɕiɤ⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/ɕiø³³/
	Wenzhou	/ɕau³³/
Hui	Shexian	/ɕiu³¹/
	Tunxi	/siu¹¹/ ～息 /ɕiu¹¹/ ～寧
Xiang	Changsha	/ɕiəu³³/
	Xiangtan	/ɕiəɯ³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/ɕiu⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/hiu⁴⁴/
	Taoyuan	/hiu²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/jɐu⁵³/
	Nanning	/jɐu⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/jɐu⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/hiu⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/hieu⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/xiu⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/hĩu³³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/hiu²³/

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• Middle Chinese: xjuw

Rime
Character	休
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	許尤切
Baxter	xjuw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hɨu/
Pan Wuyun	/hiu/
Shao Rongfen	/xiəu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/huw/
Li Rong	/xiu/
Wang Li	/xĭəu/
Bernard Karlgren	/xi̯ə̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiū
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jau1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*qʰ(r)u/

  (Zhengzhang): /*qʰu/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	休	休
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xiū	xiū
Middle Chinese	‹ xjuw ›	‹ xjuw ›
Old Chinese	/*qʰ(r)u/	/*qʰ(r)u/
English	rest (v.)	blessing
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	休
Reading #	1/1
No.	13919
Phonetic component	休
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	休
Old Chinese	/*qʰu/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 休

1. to rest; to relax
2. joyous; happy
3. to stop; to cease
4. to retire
5. (historical) to cast off one’s wife and send her home; to divorce one's wife
6. do not; don't
7. a surname

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Japanese

See also 休する

Noun

休(きゅう) • (kyū) 

1. rest; vacation

Kanji

休

(First grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: く (ku)
• Kan-on: きゅう (kyū, Jōyō)^{←きう (kiu, historical)}
• Kun: やすまる (yasumaru, 休まる, Jōyō); やすむ (yasumu, 休む, Jōyō); やすめる (yasumeru, 休める, Jōyō); いこう (ikou, 休う)^{←いこふ (ikofu, 休ふ, historical)}; やむ (yamu, 休む)
• Nanori: やすみ (yasumi)

Compounds

Compounds containing 休

• 休(きゅう)意(い) (kyūi, “peace, tranquility”)
• 休(きゅう)演(えん) (kyūen, “suspending performance”)
• 休(きゅう)暇(か) (kyūka, “holiday, day off”)
• 休(きゅう)火(か)山(ざん) (kyūkazan, “dormant volcano”)
• 休(きゅう)会(かい) (kyūkai, “adjournment, recess”)
• 休(きゅう)学(がく) (kyūgaku, “suspension of studies”)
• 休(きゅう)刊(かん) (kyūkan, “suspension of publication”)
• 休(きゅう)閑(かん) (kyūkan, “fallowing”)
• 休(きゅう)館(かん) (kyūkan, “library or museum closure”)
• 休(きゅう)漁(りょう) (kyūryō, “suspension of fishing”)
• 休(きゅう)業(ぎょう) (kyūgyō, “business closure”)
• 休(きゅう)憩(けい) (kyūkei, “rest”)
• 休(きゅう)校(こう) (kyūkō, “school closure”)
• 休(きゅう)耕(こう) (kyūkō, “lying fallow”)
• 休(きゅう)航(こう) (kyūkō, “suspension of sailing”)
• 休(きゅう)講(こう) (kyūkō, “canceled lecture”)
• 休(きゅう)載(さい) (kyūsai, “suspension of publication”)
• 休(きゅう)止(し) (kyūshi, “pause”)
• 休(きゅう)祥(しょう) (kyūshō, “good omen”)

• 休(きゅう)場(じょう) (kyūjō, “theater closure, stage absence”)
• 休(きゅう)職(しょく) (kyūshoku, “suspension from office”)
• 休(きゅう)心(しん) (kyūshin, “rest assured”)
• 休(きゅう)診(しん) (kyūshin, “temporary closing of doctor's office”)
• 休(きゅう)錘(すい) (kyūsui, “suspension of fabric factory operations”)
• 休(きゅう)戚(せき) (kyūseki, “joy and sorrow”)
• 休(きゅう)戦(せん) (kyūsen, “truce, armistice”)
• 休(きゅう)息(そく) (kyūsoku, “rest, relaxation”)
• 足(あし)休(やすめ) (ashiyasume, “resting feet”)
• 休(きゅう)怠(たい) (kyūtai, “laziness”)
• 休(きゅう)廷(てい) (kyūtei, “court recess”)
• 休(きゅう)転(てん) (kyūten, “suspension of operations”)
• 休(きゅう)電(でん) (kyūden, “electricity outage”)
• 休(きゅう)日(じつ) (kyūjitsu, “holiday, day off”)
• 休(きゅう)泊(はく)所(じょ) (kyūhakujo, “resting place”)
• 休(きゅう)符(ふ) (kyūfu, “rest (in music)”)
• 休(きゅう)眠(みん) (kyūmin, “idle”)
• 休(きゅう)養(よう) (kyūyō, “rest”)
• 運(うん)休(きゅう) (unkyū)

Related terms

• 休ませる
• 休まる
• 休み
• 休める
• 休らう

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Korean

Hanja

休 (eumhun 쉴 휴 (swil hyu))

• rest, relax

Compounds

• 休暇 (휴가, hyuga) : leave, vacation
• 休息 (휴식, hyusik) : rest, break
• 休日 (휴일, hyuil) : holiday
• 休紙 (휴지, hyuji) : waste paper, tissue
• 連休 (연휴, yeonhyu) : holidays
• 休業 (휴업, hyueop) : closed
• 休憩室 (휴게실, hyugesil) : lounge

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Vietnamese

Han character

休: Hán Nôm readings: hưu, hầu, hươu

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nôm Foundation