帆

帆 U+5E06, 帆 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5E06 ← 帅 [U+5E05] CJK Unified Ideographs 帇 → [U+5E07]

Translingual

Han character

帆 (radical 50, 巾+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 中月竹弓戈 (LBHNI), four-corner 4721₀, composition ⿰巾凡)

References

• KangXi: page 328, character 14
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8787
• Dae Jaweon: page 634, character 8
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 730, character 13
• Unihan data for U+5E06

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		帆
alternative forms		㠶 忛 𤖫 䑺 𩗋 㠶 忛 𤖫 䑺 𩗋 颿 篷 Min colloquial

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (凡) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
嵐	*b·ruːm
葻	*b·uːm
釩	*pʰomʔ
汎	*pʰoms, *bum
凡	*bom
帆	*bom, *boms
颿	*bom, *boms
軓	*bomʔ
梵	*bloms, *bum
芃	*boːŋ, *bum
風	*plum, *plums
飌	*plum
楓	*plum
猦	*plum
偑	*plum
檒	*plum
瘋	*plum
諷	*plums
堸	*blum
渢	*blum
鳳	*bums

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *bom, *boms): semantic 巾 (“cloth”) + phonetic 凡 (OC *bom).

Etymology 1

Related to 篷 (OC *boːŋ) (same word in the colloquial layer of Min), and probably related to 風 (OC *plum, “wind”) (Karlgren, 1957); if so, it may be from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *buŋ (“wind”) (STEDT).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): fān, fán

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄢ, ㄈㄢˊ

  (Chengdu, SP): fan²

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou, Jyutping): faan⁴

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): fan³

• Gan (Wiktionary): fan⁴
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): fàm

  (Meixian, Guangdong): fam²

• Jin (Wiktionary): fan¹
• Min Bei (KCR): pông / uǎing
• Min Dong (BUC): pùng / huàng
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): phâng / hoân

  (Teochew, Peng'im): pang⁵ / huam⁵

• Wu (Wiktionary): ve (T3)
• Xiang (Wiktionary): fan²

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
    • Pinyin: fān
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄢ
    • Wade–Giles: fan1
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fan
    • Tongyong Pinyin: fan
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fän⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
    • Pinyin: fán
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄢˊ
    • Wade–Giles: fan2
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: farn
    • Tongyong Pinyin: fán
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fän³⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: fan²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: fan
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fan²¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: faan⁴
    • Yale: fàahn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: faan⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: fan⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fäːn²¹/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: fan³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fan²²/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: fan⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fan³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fàm
    • Hakka Romanization System: famˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: fam²
    • Sinological IPA: /fam¹¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: fam²
    • Sinological IPA: /fam¹¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: fan¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /fæ̃¹¹/
• Min Bei
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: pông / uǎing
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɔŋ³³/, /uaiŋ²¹/

Note:

• pông - colloquial (篷);
• uǎing - literary.

Min Dong

• (Fuzhou)
  • Bàng-uâ-cê: pùng / huàng
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰuŋ⁵³/, /huaŋ⁵³/

Note:

• pùng - colloquial (篷);
• huàng - literary.

Min Nan

• (Hokkien)
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phâng / hoân
  • Tâi-lô: phâng / huân
  • Phofsit Daibuun: phaang, hoaan
  • IPA (Xiamen): /pʰaŋ²⁴/, /huan²⁴/
  • IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰaŋ²⁴/, /huan²⁴/
  • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰaŋ¹³/, /huan¹³/
  • IPA (Taipei): /pʰaŋ²⁴/, /huan²⁴/
  • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰaŋ²³/, /huan²³/

Note:

• phâng - colloquial (篷);
• hoân - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: pang⁵ / huam⁵
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phâng / huâm
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰaŋ⁵⁵/, /huam⁵⁵/

Note:

• pang5 - colloquial (篷);
• huam5 - literary.

Wu

• (Shanghainese)
  • Wiktionary: ve (T3)
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /v̻e̞²³/

Xiang

• (Changsha)
  • Wiktionary: fan²
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɸan¹³/

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• Middle Chinese: /bɨɐm/

Rime
Character	帆
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	凡 (146)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	符咸切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bɨɐm/
Pan Wuyun	/biɐm/
Shao Rongfen	/biɐm/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/buam/
Li Rong	/biɐm/
Wang Li	/bĭwɐm/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱi̯wɐm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	faan4

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*bom/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	帆
Reading #	1/2
No.	2915
Phonetic component	凡
Rime group	談
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	凡
Old Chinese	/*bom/
Notes	鹹手冊據切韻改䒦

Definitions

帆

1. sail
2. sailboat

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 帆 (“sail”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		帆, 船帆, 風帆
Mandarin	Taiwan	帆
	Harbin	帆
	Muping	帆
	Jinan	帆
	Yinchuan	帆
	Lanzhou	帆
	Ürümqi	船帆
	Wuhan	篷
	Chengdu	帆
	Liuzhou	風篷, 篷
	Xuzhou	帆
	Yangzhou	篷, 帆
	Nanjing	篷, 桅 suburbs
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	風帳子
Cantonese	Guangzhou	帆, 𢃇
	Hong Kong	帆, 𢃇
	Taishan	帆
	Kaiping (Chikan)	𢃇
	Dongguan	𢃇, 帆
Gan	Nanchang	篷
	Lichuan	風篷
	Pingxiang	篷, 風篷, 風篷子
Hakka	Meixian	風飛, 帆, 風篷
	Xingning	風篷
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	𢃇
	Huidong (Daling)	帆
	Qujiang	風篷
	Changting	風篷
	Wuping	帆布
	Liancheng	風篷
	Ninghua	風篷
	Yudu	風篷
	Ruijin	風篷
	Shicheng	帆布
	Shangyou	帆
Jin	Taiyuan	篷
	Xinzhou	帆
Min Bei	Jian'ou	篷
Min Dong	Fuzhou	篷, 風篷
Min Nan	Xiamen	篷, 船篷
	Quanzhou	篷
	Zhangzhou	篷
	Dongshan	篷
	Tainan	篷
	Singapore (Hokkien)	篷
	Shantou	篷
	Leizhou	篷, 船篷
	Haikou	篷
Puxian Min	Putian	篷
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	帆, 𢃇
Wu	Shanghai	帆, 篷 dated
	Chongming	船篷
	Suzhou	篷
	Danyang	篷
	Hangzhou	帆, 篷, 篷兒, 風篷兒
	Ningbo	篷, 風篷
	Wenzhou	篷
	Jinhua	風篷
Xiang	Changsha	風篷, 帆
	Loudi	風篷

Compounds

Derived terms from 帆

• 一帆
• 一帆順風／一帆顺风
• 一帆風／一帆风
• 一帆風順／一帆风顺 (yīfānfēngshùn)
• 上帆
• 下帆
• 主帆
• 八字帆
• 出帆
• 千帆
• 占風使帆／占风使帆
• 卸帆
• 回帆鼓
• 孤帆
• 客帆
• 峭帆
• 布帆
• 布帆無恙／布帆无恙
• 帆傘／帆伞
• 帆力
• 帆勢／帆势
• 帆布 (fānbù)
• 帆布床
• 帆布椅
• 帆布袋
• 帆席
• 帆幃／帆帏
• 帆幅
• 帆幔
• 帆影
• 帆板 (fānbǎn)
• 帆柱 (fānzhù)
• 帆桁
• 帆楫
• 帆檣／帆樯 (fānqiáng)

• 帆海
• 帆索
• 帆繩／帆绳
• 帆腳／帆脚
• 帆腹
• 帆舶
• 帆船 (fānchuán)
• 帆葉／帆叶
• 帆飛／帆飞
• 席帆
• 征帆
• 快速帆船
• 戰帆／战帆
• 挂帆
• 掛帆／挂帆
• 揚帆／扬帆
• 旅帆
• 晚帆
• 枉帆
• 楚帆
• 機帆船／机帆船
• 檣帆／樯帆
• 櫓帆船／橹帆船
• 歸帆／归帆
• 江帆
• 浦帆
• 滿帆／满帆
• 漁帆／渔帆
• 煙帆／烟帆
• 片帆
• 白帆 (báifān)
• 相風使帆／相风使帆
• 看風使帆／看风使帆
• 石帆

• 破帆風／破帆风
• 篷帆
• 船帆 (chuánfān)
• 蒲帆
• 蚌帆
• 行帆
• 見風使帆／见风使帆
• 解帆
• 買帆／买帆
• 賈帆／贾帆
• 趁風揚帆／趁风扬帆
• 趁風轉帆／趁风转帆
• 足帆
• 軒帆／轩帆
• 輕帆／轻帆
• 轉帆／转帆
• 返轡收帆／返辔收帆
• 迴帆／回帆
• 進帆／进帆
• 錦帆／锦帆
• 錦帆天子／锦帆天子
• 錦帆涇／锦帆泾
• 開帆／开帆
• 雪帆
• 雲帆／云帆
• 順風使帆／顺风使帆
• 順風張帆／顺风张帆
• 順風扯帆／顺风扯帆
• 風帆／风帆 (fēngfān)
• 颺帆／飏帆
• 驚帆／惊帆
• 高帆
• 鱟帆／鲎帆
• 鼓帆

Descendants

• → Vietnamese: buồm (“sail”)

Etymology 2

Exoactive of etymology 1, increasing its transitivity.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): fàn (fan⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): faan⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: fàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄢˋ
    • Wade–Giles: fan4
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fann
    • Tongyong Pinyin: fàn
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fän⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: faan⁶
    • Yale: faahn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: faan⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: fan⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fäːn²²/

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• Middle Chinese: /bɨɐm^H/

Rime
Character	帆
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	凡 (146)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	扶泛切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bɨɐmH/
Pan Wuyun	/biɐmH/
Shao Rongfen	/biɐmH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/buamH/
Li Rong	/biɐmH/
Wang Li	/bĭwɐmH/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱi̯wɐmH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	faan6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*boms/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	帆
Reading #	2/2
No.	2919
Phonetic component	凡
Rime group	談
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	梵
Old Chinese	/*boms/
Notes	同梵見釋名

Definitions

帆

1. ^† to sail; to drive a boat with a sail

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Japanese

Kanji

帆

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: ぼん (bon)^{←ぼん (bon, historical)←ぼむ (bomu, ancient)}
• Kan-on: はん (han, Jōyō)^{←はん (fan, historical)←はむ (famu, ancient)}
• Kun: ほ (ho, 帆, Jōyō)

Compounds

• 順(じゅん)風(ぷう)満(まん)帆(ぱん) (junpūmanpan): smooth sailing

Etymology

Kanji in this term
帆
ほ Grade: S
kun’yomi

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• Kun’yomi
• (Tokyo) ほ​ [hóꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])
• (Tokyo) ほ [hò] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ho̞]

Noun

帆(ほ) • (ho) 

1. (nautical) sail

Derived terms

• 帆(ほ)立(たて)貝(がい) (hotategai): scallop
• 帆(ほ)木(も)綿(めん) (homomen): cotton canvas

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Korean

Hanja

帆 • (beom) (hangeul 범, revised beom, McCune–Reischauer pŏm)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

帆: Hán Nôm readings: buồm, buồng, phàm

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation