玳瑁

Chinese

		phonetic
simp. and trad. (玳瑁)		玳	瑁
alternative forms		蝳蝐 瑇瑁 毒冒

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): dàimào, dàimèi

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄞˋ ㄇㄠˋ, ㄉㄞˋ ㄇㄟˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): doi⁶ mui⁶
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tāi-bō͘

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: dàimào
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄞˋ ㄇㄠˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: dàimào
    • Wade–Giles: tai⁴-mao⁴
    • Yale: dài-màu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: daymaw
    • Palladius: даймао (dajmao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /taɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ mɑʊ̯⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: dàimàor
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄞˋ ㄇㄠˋㄦ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: dàimàor
    • Wade–Giles: tai⁴-mao⁴-ʼrh
    • Yale: dài-màur
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: daymawl
    • Palladius: даймаор (dajmaor)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /taɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ maʊ̯ɻʷ⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: dàimèi
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄞˋ ㄇㄟˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: dàimèi
    • Wade–Giles: tai⁴-mei⁴
    • Yale: dài-mèi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: daymey
    • Palladius: даймэй (dajmɛj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /taɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ meɪ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: doi⁶ mui⁶
    • Yale: doih muih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: doi⁶ mui⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: doi⁶ mui⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɔːi̯²² muːi̯²²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tāi-bō͘
    • Tâi-lô: tāi-bōo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: daixbo
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tai²²⁻²¹ bɔ²²/

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• Middle Chinese: dojH|dowk mwojH|mowk

Rime
Character	玳	玳	瑁	瑁
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/3	3/3
Initial (聲)	定 (7)	定 (7)	明 (4)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	咍 (41)	沃 (6)	灰 (42)	沃 (6)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Closed	Open
Division (等)	I	I	I	I
Fanqie	徒耐切	徒沃切	莫佩切	莫沃切
Baxter	dojH	dowk	mwojH	mowk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/dʌiH/	/duok̚/	/muʌiH/	/muok̚/
Pan Wuyun	/dəiH/	/duok̚/	/muoiH/	/muok̚/
Shao Rongfen	/dɒiH/	/dok̚/	/muɒiH/	/mok̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dəjH/	/dawk̚/	/mwəjH/	/mawk̚/
Li Rong	/dᴀiH/	/dok̚/	/muᴀiH/	/mok̚/
Wang Li	/dɒiH/	/duok̚/	/muɒiH/	/muok̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱɑ̆iH/	/dʱuok̚/	/muɑ̆iH/	/muok̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dài	dú	mèi	mù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	doi6	duk6	mui6	muk6

Noun

(deprecated template usage) 玳瑁

1. hawksbill sea turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata)

   • 時珍曰：按范成大《虞衡志》云：玳瑁生海洋深處。狀如龜黿而殼稍長，背有甲十三片，黑白斑文，相錯而成。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
     时珍曰：按范成大《虞衡志》云：玳瑁生海洋深处。状如龟鼋而壳稍长，背有甲十三片，黑白斑文，相错而成。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Compendium of Materia Medica [Bencao Gangmu], by Li Shizhen, 1578 CE

     Shízhēn yuē: àn Fànchéngdà “Yú héng zhì” yún: dàimào shēng hǎiyáng shēnchù. Zhuàng rú guī yuán ér ké shāo cháng, bèi yǒu jiǎ shísān piàn, hēibái bānwén, xiàngcuò ér chéng. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

2. shell of the hawksbill sea turtle

   • …菩提子三斗、青蓮華廿莖、玳瑁疊子八面、天竺革履二緉… [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     …菩提子三斗、青莲华廿茎、玳瑁叠子八面、天竺革履二𮉧… [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: 779 AD, (deprecated template usage) 淡海三船 (Ōmi no Mifune) (deprecated template usage) 《唐大和上東征傳》

     ... pútízǐ sān dǒu, qīnglián huá niàn jīng, dàimào diézǐ bā miàn, tiānzhú gélǚ èr liǎng... [Pinyin]

     […] three jars filled with seedlings of the bodhi tree, twenty stalks of the blue lotus flower, eight dishes made from the shell of the hawksbill sea turtle, two pairs of leather shoes from India […]

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (玳瑁):

• → Japanese: 玳瑁(タイマイ) (taimai)
• → Korean: 대모(玳瑁) (daemo)
• → Vietnamese: đại mội (玳瑁)

Others:

• → Vietnamese: đồi mồi

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
玳	瑁
たい Hyōgaiji	まい Hyōgaiji
on'yomi

Alternative spelling
瑇瑁

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 玳瑁 (MC dojH mwojH).

Noun

玳(たい)瑁(まい) or 玳瑁(タイマイ) • (taimai) 

1. a hawksbill sea turtle

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Korean

Hanja in this term
玳	瑁

Alternative forms

• 瑇瑁

Noun

玳瑁 • (daemo) (hangeul 대모)

1. Hanja form^? of 대모 (“hawksbill sea turtle”).

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Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
玳	瑁

Noun

玳瑁

1. chữ Hán form of đại mội (“hawksbill sea turtle”).
2. Nôm form of đồi mồi (“hawksbill sea turtle; liver spots”).