殷

See also: 慇

Translingual

Han character

殷 (Kangxi radical 79, 殳+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 竹尸竹弓水 (HSHNE), four-corner 2724₇, composition ⿰㐆殳)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 585, character 2
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16627
• Dae Jaweon: page 977, character 19
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2156, character 4
• Unihan data for U+6BB7

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		殷

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 殷
Shang	Western Zhou
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions

Characters in the same phonetic series (殷) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
殷	*qrɯːn, *qɯn
慇	*qɯn
溵	*qɯn
磤	*qɯnʔ

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yīn (yin¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄣ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jan¹
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): un / in

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hng¹ / heng¹

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹in

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yīn
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄣ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yin
    • Wade–Giles: yin¹
    • Yale: yīn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: in
    • Palladius: инь (inʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /in⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jan¹
    • Yale: yān
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jan¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: yen¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐn⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: un
    • Tâi-lô: un
    • Phofsit Daibuun: wn
    • IPA (Xiamen): /un⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /un³³/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: in
    • Tâi-lô: in
    • Phofsit Daibuun: yn
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou): /in⁴⁴/

Note: irn - Quanzhou.

• • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: hng¹ / heng¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hng / hṳng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hŋ³³/, /hɯŋ³³/

Note:

• hng1 - Chaozhou;
• heng1 - Shantou.

• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹in
    • MiniDict: in^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹in
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /in⁵³/

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• Middle Chinese: 'j+n

Rime
Character	殷
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	欣 (57)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	於斤切
Baxter	'j+n
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔɨn/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔɨn/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔiən/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔɨn/
Li Rong	/ʔiən/
Wang Li	/ĭən/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔi̯ən/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yīn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jan1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*ʔə[r]/, /*ʔər/

  (Zhengzhang): /*qɯn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	殷	殷	殷
Reading #	2/4	3/4	4/4
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yīn	yīn	yīn
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔjɨn ›	‹ ʔjɨn ›	‹ ʔjɨn ›
Old Chinese	/*ʔə[r]/	/*ʔə[r]/	/*ʔər/
English	殷殷 distressed	ample, many	(dynastic name)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	殷
Reading #	2/2
No.	15232
Phonetic component	殷
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	殷
Old Chinese	/*qɯn/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 殷

1. (～朝) Late Shang Dynasty
2. (by extension) (～朝) Alternative name for 商 (shāng, “Shang Dynasty”).
3. a surname
4. many; great
5. abundant; flourishing

See also

Dynasties (朝代) in Chinese history
Name	Time period	Divisions
Xia 夏 (～朝, ～代)	2070 – 1600 BCE
Shang 商 (～朝, ～代) 殷 (～朝, ～代)	1600 – 1046 BCE
Zhou 周 (～朝, ～代)	1046 – 256 BCE	Western Zhou 西周
		Eastern Zhou 東周／东周	Spring and Autumn period 春秋
			Warring States period 戰國／战国
Qin 秦 (～朝, ～代)	221 – 206 BCE
Han 漢／汉 (～朝, ～代)	206 BCE – 220 C.E.	Western Han 西漢／西汉
		Xin 新 (～朝)
		Eastern Han 東漢／东汉
Three Kingdoms 三國／三国	220 – 280 C.E.	Wei 魏
		Shu Han 蜀漢／蜀汉
		Wu 吳／吴
Jin 晉／晋 (～朝, ～代)	265 – 420 C.E.	Western Jin 西晉／西晋
		Eastern Jin 東晉／东晋
Southern and Northern dynasties 南北朝	420 – 589 C.E.	Northern dynasties 北朝	Northern Wei 北魏
			Western Wei 西魏
			Eastern Wei 東魏／东魏
			Northern Zhou 北周
			Northern Qi 北齊／北齐
		Southern dynasties 南朝	Liu Song 劉宋／刘宋
			Southern Qi 南齊／南齐
			Liang 梁 (～朝, ～代)
			Chen 陳／陈 (～朝, ～代)
Sui 隋 (～朝, ～代)	581 – 618 C.E.
Tang 唐 (～朝, ～代)	618 – 907 C.E.
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms 五代十國／五代十国	907 – 960 C.E.
Liao 遼／辽 (～朝, ～代)	907 – 1125 C.E.
Song 宋 (～朝, ～代)	960 – 1279 C.E.	Northern Song 北宋
		Southern Song 南宋
Western Xia 西夏	1038 – 1227 C.E.
Jin 金 (～朝, ～代)	1115 – 1234 C.E.
Western Liao 西遼／西辽	1124 – 1218 C.E.
Yuan 元 (～朝, ～代)	1271 – 1368 C.E.
Ming 明 (～朝, ～代)	1368 – 1644 C.E.
Qing 清 (～朝, ～代)	1636 – 1912 C.E.

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yān (yan¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄢ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jin¹ / aan¹
• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹e

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yān
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yan
    • Wade–Giles: yen¹
    • Yale: yān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ian
    • Palladius: янь (janʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɛn⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jin¹ / aan¹
    • Yale: yīn / āan
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jin¹ / aan¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: yin¹ / an¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiːn⁵⁵/, /aːn⁵⁵/

Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.

• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹e
    • MiniDict: e^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹e
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /e⁵³/

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• Middle Chinese: 'ean

Rime
Character	殷
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	山 (73)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	烏閑切
Baxter	'ean
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔˠɛn/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔᵚæn/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔæn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔəɨn/
Li Rong	/ʔɛn/
Wang Li	/æn/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔăn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	aan1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*ʔˤrə[r]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*qrɯːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	殷
Reading #	1/4
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yān
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔɛn ›
Old Chinese	/*ʔˁrə[r]/
English	dark-red
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	殷
Reading #	1/2
No.	15231
Phonetic component	殷
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	黰
Old Chinese	/*qrɯːn/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 殷

1. blood red; deep red

Pronunciation 3

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 殷

1. sound of thunder
2. to shake; to tremble

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Japanese

Kanji

殷

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Readings

• On (unclassified): いん (in); あん (an)
• Kun: さかん (sakan, 殷ん)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
殷
いん Hyōgaiji
kan'on

The senses “Shang dynasty” and “prosperous” are from Middle Chinese 殷 (MC 'j+n), corresponding to modern Mandarin yīn and Cantonese jan¹. The sense “rumbling” corresponds to modern Mandarin yǐn and Cantonese jan².

The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.

Proper noun

殷(いん) • (In) 

1. (historical) Shang dynasty

Synonyms

• 商(しょう) (shō)

Affix

殷(いん) • (in) 

1. (historical) Shang dynasty
2. prosperous; flourishing
3. rumbling

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Korean

Hanja

殷 • (eun, an) (hangeul 은, 안, revised eun, an, McCune–Reischauer ŭn, an, Yale un, an)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 殷 (ân)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.