眼
See also: 眠
Translingual
Han character
眼 (Kangxi radical 109, 目+6, 11 strokes, cangjie input 月山日女 (BUAV), four-corner 67032, composition ⿰目艮)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 807, character 11
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23318
- Dae Jaweon: page 1222, character 26
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2488, character 4
- Unihan data for U+773C
Chinese
| simp. and trad. |
眼 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 艱 | *krɯːn |
| 齦 | *kʰrɯːnʔ, *kʰɯːnʔ, *ŋɯn |
| 眼 | *ŋrɯːnʔ |
| 蛝 | *ɡrɯːn |
| 限 | *ɡrɯːnʔ |
| 硍 | *ɡrɯːnʔ |
| 豤 | *kʰɯːnʔ, *kʰɯːnʔ, *kʰuːn |
| 詪 | *ɡlɯːnʔ, *kɯːnʔ, *kɯːns |
| 根 | *kɯːn |
| 跟 | *kɯːn |
| 珢 | *kɯːn, *kɯːns, *ŋrɯn |
| 艮 | *kɯːns |
| 茛 | *kɯːns |
| 墾 | *kʰɯːnʔ |
| 懇 | *kʰɯːnʔ |
| 垠 | *ŋɯːn, *ŋrɯn, *ŋɯn |
| 泿 | *ŋɯːn, *ŋrɯn |
| 痕 | *ɡɯːn |
| 拫 | *ɡɯːn |
| 鞎 | *ɡɯːn |
| 很 | *ɡɯːnʔ |
| 恨 | *ɡɯːns |
| 銀 | *ŋrɯn |
| 檭 | *ŋrɯn |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋrɯːnʔ) : semantic 目 (“eye”) + phonetic 艮 (OC *kɯːns).
Etymology 1
Derived from Etymology 2. Displaced common Sino-Tibetan 目 (OC *muɡ, “eye”) in many dialects.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): ngaan5 / ngaan5-2
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngién / ngián
- Jin (Wiktionary): nie2
- Northern Min (KCR): ngǎing
- Eastern Min (BUC): ngāng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): 6nge
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄢˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yǎn
- Wade–Giles: yen3
- Yale: yǎn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yean
- Palladius: янь (janʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɛn²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ngaan5 / ngaan5-2
- Yale: ngáahn / ngáan
- Cantonese Pinyin: ngaan5 / ngaan5-2
- Guangdong Romanization: ngan5 / ngan5-2
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋaːn¹³/, /ŋaːn¹³⁻³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note: ngaan5-2 - classifier.
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngién
- Hakka Romanization System: ngien`
- Hagfa Pinyim: ngian3
- Sinological IPA: /ŋi̯en³¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngián
- Hakka Romanization System: ngian`
- Hagfa Pinyim: ngian3
- Sinological IPA: /ŋi̯an³¹/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: nie2
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /nie⁵³/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ngǎing
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋaiŋ²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ngāng
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋaŋ³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Lukang, Sanxia, Hsinchu, Taichung)
- (Hokkien: Tainan, Yilan, Taichung)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kéng
- Tâi-lô: kíng
- Phofsit Daibuun: keang
- IPA (Tainan, Yilan): /kiɪŋ⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ngúi
- Tâi-lô: nguí
- Phofsit Daibuun: nguie
- IPA (Quanzhou): /ŋuĩ⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Kinmen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ngái
- Tâi-lô: ngái
- Phofsit Daibuun: ngae
- IPA (Kinmen): /ŋãi⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kán
- Tâi-lô: kán
- Phofsit Daibuun: karn
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /kan⁵³/
- Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | 眼 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ian²¹⁴/ |
| Harbin | /ian²¹³/ | |
| Tianjin | /ian¹³/ | |
| Jinan | /iã⁵⁵/ | |
| Qingdao | /iã⁵⁵/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /ian⁵³/ | |
| Xi'an | /niã⁵³/ | |
| Xining | /ȵiã⁵³/ | |
| Yinchuan | /ian⁵³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /iɛ̃n⁴⁴²/ | |
| Ürümqi | /ian⁵¹/ | |
| Wuhan | /iɛn⁴²/ | |
| Chengdu | /ian⁵³/ | |
| Guiyang | /ian⁴²/ | |
| Kunming | /iɛ̃⁵³/ | |
| Nanjing | /ien²¹²/ | |
| Hefei | /iĩ²⁴/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /ie⁵³/ 新 /nie⁵³/ 舊 |
| Pingyao | /ȵiɑŋ⁵³/ | |
| Hohhot | /ie⁵³/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ŋe²³/ |
| Suzhou | /ŋe̞³¹/ | |
| Hangzhou | /ʔiẽ̞⁵³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /ŋa³⁵/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /ŋɛ³⁵/ |
| Tunxi | /ŋɔ²⁴/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /iẽ⁴¹/ /ŋan⁴¹/ |
| Xiangtan | /ŋan⁴²/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /ŋan²¹³/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /ŋian³¹/ |
| Taoyuan | /ŋien³¹/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /ŋan²³/ |
| Nanning | /ŋɛn²⁴/ | |
| Hong Kong | /ŋan¹³/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /gan⁵³/ /giŋ⁵³/ |
| Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /ŋaŋ⁵³/ | |
| Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /ŋaiŋ²¹/ | |
| Shantou (Teochew) | /ŋaŋ⁵³/ | |
| Haikou (Hainanese) | /hai²¹³/ 龍～ /mak̚³/ 訓目 |
- Middle Chinese: ngeanX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ŋ]ˤ<r>ə[n]ʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ŋrɯːnʔ/
Definitions
- (anatomy) eye (Classifier: 隻／只; 雙／双)
- See also: 目
- † to see; to view; to see ... in person
- † to keep sight of; to monitor; to watch
- sight; vision
- Classifier for actions of the eye.
- † to testify; to witness
- eyelet; aperture; hole; opening
- tempo in the opera 一板三眼 ― yībǎnsānyǎn ― one strong beat and three weak beats in the four-beat rhythm The strongest beat of a measure is called a plate 板 (bǎn), and other weak beats are called an eye 眼 (yǎn).
- territory in game Go (board game).
- † loophole; shortcoming
- † bubbles of boiling water
- mesh
- key point; critical moment
- (go) trap
- Classifier for springs, wells and ponds.
- (Cantonese) Classifier for lamps.
- (Cantonese) Classifier for needles.
Synonyms
Compounds
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Etymology 2
Unknown.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄨㄣˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: wǔn
- Wade–Giles: wên3
- Yale: wěn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: woen
- Palladius: вэнь (vɛnʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /wən²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄣˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ěn
- Wade–Giles: ên3
- Yale: ěn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: een
- Palladius: энь (enʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ˀən²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ngan5 / jan2
- Yale: ngáhn / yán
- Cantonese Pinyin: ngan5 / jan2
- Guangdong Romanization: ngen5 / yen2
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋɐn¹³/, /jɐn³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
- † protruding; bulging (like bulging eyes)
Japanese
Kanji
眼
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Readings
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 眼 |
| まなこ Grade: 5 |
| kun’yomi |
Compound of 目 (ma, “eye”) + の (no, genitive case) + 子 (ko, nominalizing suffix). Initial ma is the unbound form of 目 (me, id).
Pronunciation
Noun
- the pupil; also, the eyes in general
- c. 790: Daihannya-kyō Ongi (Ishiyamadera manuscript, page 34)
- 眼晴 [...] 倭言麻那古
- 眼晴 [...] 倭言麻那古
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- c. 790: Daihannya-kyō Ongi (Ishiyamadera manuscript, page 34)
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 眼 |
| め Grade: 5 |
| kun’yomi |
Noun
- Alternative form of 目
References
- Tsukishima, Hiroshi (1978) Kojisho Ongi Shūsei 3: Daihannya-kyō Ongi, Daihannya-kyō Jishō (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Kyūko Shoin, →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō
- ^ Hirayama, Teruo, editor (1960), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN
Korean
Hanja
Vietnamese
Han character
Readings
眼: Hán Việt readings: nhẫn, nhãn
眼: Nôm readings: nhởn, nhản, nhan, nhẫn, nhãn
References
Categories:
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- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading がん
- Japanese kanji with on reading ごん
- Japanese kanji with kun reading まなこ
- Japanese terms spelled with 眼 read as まなこ
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
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