alto

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See also: Alto and alto-

English[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Italian alto (“high”). Doublet of old.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (UK) IPA(key): /ˈæl.təʊ/
  • (US) IPA(key): /ˈæl.toʊ/
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Rhymes: -æltəʊ

Noun[edit]

alto (plural altos or alti)

An alto saxophone
  1. A musical part or section higher than tenor and lower than soprano, formerly the part that performed a countermelody above the tenor or main melody.
  2. A person or musical instrument that performs the alto part.
  3. (colloquial, music) An alto saxophone

Usage notes[edit]

Synonyms[edit]

Coordinate terms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Translations[edit]

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Further reading[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

Asturian[edit]

Adjective[edit]

alto n sg

  1. neuter singular of altu

Dutch[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From a shortening of alternatieveling or alternatief +‎ -o.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈɑl.toː/
  • Audio(file)
  • Hyphenation: al‧to

Noun[edit]

alto m (plural alto's)

  1. (Netherlands, derogatory) Someone who participates in an alternative subculture (e.g. a hipster, emo or punk).
    Synonyms: alternatieveling, alternativo

Esperanto[edit]

Etymology[edit]

alta +‎ -o.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

alto (accusative singular alton, plural altoj, accusative plural altojn)

  1. height; elevation; altitude
    • (Can we date this quote?), Vladimír Váňa (translator), Aventuroj de la Brava Soldato Ŝvejk dum la Mondmilito (The Good Soldier Švejk) by Jaroslav Hašek, Part 1, Chapter 15,
      Pri kio morgaŭ prelegi al unujaraj volontuloj en la lernejo? Ĉu pri tio, kiel ni difinas la alton de monteto? Kial ni mezuras la alton ĉiam de la marnivelo? Kiel el altoj super la marnivelo elkalkuli propran alton de la monteto ekde ĝia piedo?
      What should he lecture on to the volunteers in the school tomorrow? How do we determined the height of a given hill? Why do we reckon the height from sea level? How can we establish from its height above sea level the height of a mountain from its foot? (Cecil Parrott translation, Heinemann, 1973)
    • (Can we date this quote?), Sergio Pokrovskij (translator), La Majstro kaj Margarita (The Master and Margarita) by Mikhail Bulgakov, Book Two, Chapter 24,
      [...] la peza fenestra kurteno ŝoviĝis flanken, la fenestro larĝe malfermiĝis kaj en la fora alto vidiĝis la plena [...] luno.
      [...] the heavy curtain over the window was pushed aside, the window opened wide, and high above (lit. in the distant height) appeared the full moon.

See also[edit]

French[edit]

French Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia fr
(violon) alto

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

alto m (plural altos)

  1. (music) alto
  2. (music) Ellipsis of violon alto.; viola

Further reading[edit]

Galician[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Galician-Portuguese alto, from Latin altus. This form is probably semi-learned or influenced by learned orthography, as with Portuguese alto and Spanish alto. Cf. also the now archaic form outo, which was probably popularly inherited from an unattested hypothetical *outo, present also in place names as Montouto (“High-hill”), from the same Latin word (compare also Old Spanish oto).

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

alto m (feminine singular alta, masculine plural altos, feminine plural altas)

  1. tall
  2. high
  3. (nautical) deep

Antonyms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

Noun[edit]

alto m (plural altos)

  1. top; high place

Adverb[edit]

alto

  1. high

References[edit]

  • “alto” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
  • “alto” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
  • “alto” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
  • “alto” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
  • “alto” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Ingrian[edit]

Alto.

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Finnic *alto. Cognates include Finnish aalto (dialectal alto) and dialectal Estonian ald.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

alto

  1. wave

Declension[edit]

Declension of alto (type 4/koivu, lt-ll gradation)
singular plural
nominative alto allot
genitive allon altoin, altoloin
partitive altoa altoja, altoloja
illative altoo altoi, altoloihe
inessive alloos allois, altolois
elative allost alloist, altoloist
allative allolle alloille, altoloille
adessive allool alloil, altoloil
ablative allolt alloilt, altoloilt
translative alloks alloiks, altoloiks
essive altonna, altoon altoinna, altoloinna, altoin, altoloin
exessive1) altont altoint, altoloint
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Synonyms[edit]

References[edit]

  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 11

Italian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin altus (“high”), from Proto-Italic *altos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eltós, derived from the root *h₂el- (“to grow, nourish”). Cognate with English old and Welsh allt.

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

alto (feminine alta, masculine plural alti, feminine plural alte, superlative altissimo)

  1. high, tall
    Antonym: basso
    L'uomo alto è il mio padre. ― The tall man is my father.
  2. deep
    uno stagno alto 4 metri ― a pond 4 meters deep
  3. loud
    ad alta voce ― in a loud voice

Derived terms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

  • → English: alto
  • → German: Alt

Further reading[edit]

  • alto in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Anagrams[edit]

Kapampangan[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From earlier altau, metathesis from Proto-Philippine *lətaw. Compare Tagalog litaw and Cebuano lutaw.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Hyphenation: al‧to
  • IPA(key): /əlˈto/, [əlˈtoː]

Verb[edit]

altó

  1. to float
    Synonyms: gato, lutang

Derived terms[edit]

Ladino[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin altus.

Adjective[edit]

alto (Latin spelling, feminine alta, masculine plural altos, feminine plural altas)

  1. high

Latin[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From altus (“high, deep”) +‎ -ō.

Verb[edit]

altō (present infinitive altāre); first conjugation, no perfect or supine stem

  1. I make high, raise, elevate.
Conjugation[edit]
   Conjugation of altō (first conjugation, no supine stem, no perfect stem)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present altō altās altat altāmus altātis altant
imperfect altābam altābās altābat altābāmus altābātis altābant
future altābō altābis altābit altābimus altābitis altābunt
passive present altor altāris,
altāre 		altātur altāmur altāminī altantur
imperfect altābar altābāris,
altābāre 		altābātur altābāmur altābāminī altābantur
future altābor altāberis,
altābere 		altābitur altābimur altābiminī altābuntur
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present altem altēs altet altēmus altētis altent
imperfect altārem altārēs altāret altārēmus altārētis altārent
passive present alter altēris,
altēre 		altētur altēmur altēminī altentur
imperfect altārer altārēris,
altārēre 		altārētur altārēmur altārēminī altārentur
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — altā — — altāte —
future — altātō altātō — altātōte altantō
passive present — altāre — — altāminī —
future — altātor altātor — — altantor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives altāre — — altārī — —
participles altāns — — — — altandus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
altandī altandō altandum altandō — —

Etymology 2[edit]

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Adjective[edit]

altō

  1. dative/ablative masculine/neuter singular of altus

Etymology 3[edit]

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Participle[edit]

altō

  1. dative/ablative masculine/neuter singular of altus

References[edit]

  • “alto”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • alto in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • alto in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
  • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • (ambiguous) the tide is coming in: aestus ex alto se incitat (B. G. 3.12)
    • (ambiguous) the storm drives some one on an unknown coast: procella (tempestas) aliquem ex alto ad ignotas terras (oras) defert
    • (ambiguous) to make fast boats to anchors: naves (classem) constituere (in alto)

Portuguese[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

 
  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈaw.tu/ [ˈaʊ̯.tu]
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈaw.to/ [ˈaʊ̯.to]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Old Galician-Portuguese alto, from Latin altus, ultimately of Proto-Indo-European origin. This form is likely a semi-learned term, or was influenced by learned elements of the language and uses such an orthography, as with Galician and Spanish alto (which have popularly inherited variants outo and oto, respectively). There was once likely an *outo in Old Galician-Portuguese that is not attested[1], but which left an inherited descendant in Galician. See also outeiro, a related word.

Adjective[edit]

alto (feminine alta, masculine plural altos, feminine plural altas, comparable, comparative mais alto, superlative o mais alto or altíssimo, diminutive altinho, augmentative altão)

  1. loud
  2. tall
  3. high
  4. (informal) excessive, extreme
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]

Adverb[edit]

alto (comparable, comparative mais alto, superlative o mais alto)

  1. loud; loudly

Descendants[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

From the imperative of German halten.

Interjection[edit]

alto!

  1. halt!

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S1981-57942016000300579&script=sci_arttext&tlng=en

Spanish[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈalto/ [ˈal̪.t̪o]
  • Rhymes: -alto
  • Syllabification: al‧to

Etymology 1[edit]

Borrowed from Latin altus, ultimately of Proto-Indo-European origin. The form alto represents a pronunciation influenced by the most learned layers of the language, and is not the normal phonetic result expected in a naturally inherited word. Cf. the now archaic form oto, which was used more often in Old Spanish and is the form of the word that was completely popularly inherited, preserved in some toponyms/placenames[1], and its derivative otear and the rare or regional otar[2]. Compare also archaic Galician outo (versus the standard alto today). See also the related Spanish otero (and Portuguese outeiro).

Adjective[edit]

alto (feminine alta, masculine plural altos, feminine plural altas, superlative altísimo)

  1. tall
    Antonym: bajo
    Esas chicas son altas. ― Those girls are tall.
  2. high
    Antonym: bajo
    Es un número alto. ― It's a high number.
  3. loud
    En voz alta. ― Out loud.
    alto y claro ― loud and clear
  4. upper, top
  5. senior (rank)
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]

Noun[edit]

alto m (plural altos)

  1. height (in measurements)

Adverb[edit]

alto

  1. up, high, highly
  2. loudly
    gritar alto
    scream loudly

Etymology 2[edit]

Borrowed from German halt.

Noun[edit]

Stop sign of Mexico

alto m (plural altos)

  1. stop, halt
  2. break, pause, rest
  3. (traffic) stop (signal)
  4. (traffic) red light
    Antonym: siga
Derived terms[edit]

Interjection[edit]

¡alto!

  1. halt!; stop!

Further reading[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Joan Coromines; José A. Pascual (1983–1991) Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
  2. ^ “otar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
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