sinus

See also: Sinus and sinüs

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin sinus. Doublet of sine.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsaɪnəs/
• Rhymes: -aɪnəs

Noun

sinus (plural sinuses)

1. (anatomy) A pouch or cavity in any organ or tissue, especially the paranasal sinus.
2. (anatomy) A channel for transmitting venous blood.
3. (botany) A notch or depression between two lobes or teeth in the margin of an organ.
4. (pathology) An abnormal cavity or passage such as a fistula, caused by the destruction of tissue.
5. A bay of the sea; a recess in the shore.

Derived terms

• ethmoid sinus
• extrasinus
• frontal sinus
• intrasinus
• maxillary sinus
• medisinus
• paranasal sinus
• parasinus
• postsinus
• sinusitis
• sinus node
• sphenoid sinus

 

Related terms

• sino-
• sinusoid

 

Translations

pouch or cavity in any organ or tissue

• Afrikaans: sinus, sinusse pl
• Arabic: جَيْب اَلْأُنْف‎ m (jayb al-ʾunf)

  Egyptian Arabic: جيوب أنفية‎ f pl (geyuub ʔanfeya)

• Asturian: senu (ast) m
• Catalan: si (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 竇 (zh), 窦 (zh) (dòu)

• Esperanto: sinuso
• Finnish: ontelo (fi)
• French: sinus (fr) m
• Galician: seo (gl) m

• German: Sinus (de) m, (paranasal) Nasennebenhöhle f
• Hungarian: üreg (hu)
• Ido: sinuso (io)
• Italian: seno (it) m
• Japanese: 副鼻腔 (ja) (ふくびこう, fukubikō)
• Plautdietsch: Hollinj f
• Polish: zatoka (pl) f
• Portuguese: seio (pt) m
• Romanian: sinus (ro) n
• Russian: па́зуха (ru) f (pázuxa)
• Spanish: seno (es) m
• Volapük: sinud

abnormal cavity or passage caused by the destruction of tissue

• Finnish: avanne (fi)

• Russian: свищ (ru) m (svišč), фи́стула (ru) f (fístula)

Anagrams

• Sunis, nisus

---

Catalan

Etymology

From Latin sinus.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central, Valencian) IPA^(key): /ˈsi.nus/

Noun

sinus m (plural sinus)

1. sine

Derived terms

• cosinus

See also

• tangent
• cosecant
• secant
• cotangent

Further reading

• “sinus” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

---

Czech

Etymology

From Latin sinus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈsɪnus]
• Hyphenation: si‧nus

Noun

sinus m inan

1. (trigonometry) sine
2. (anatomy) sinus

Declension

Declension

	singular	plural
nominative	sinus	sinusy, siny
genitive	sinusu, sinu	sinusů, sinů
dative	sinusu, sinu	sinusům, sinům
accusative	sinus	sinusy, siny
vocative	sinuse, sine	sinusy, siny
locative	sinusu, sinuse, sinu	sinusech, sinech
instrumental	sinusem, sinem	sinusy, siny

Related terms

• kosinus

Further reading

• sinus in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
• sinus in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
• sinus in Akademický slovník cizích slov, 1995, at prirucka.ujc.cas.cz

---

Danish

Noun

sinus c (singular definite sinussen, plural indefinite sinusser)

1. (geometry) sine

---

Dutch

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: si‧nus

Etymology 1

From Latin sinus.

Noun

sinus m (plural sinussen, diminutive sinusje n)

1. (trigonometry) sine

Descendants

• → Indonesian: sinus

Etymology 2

From Latin sinus.

Noun

sinus m (plural sinussen, diminutive sinusje n)

1. sinus

Descendants

• → Indonesian: sinus

---

French

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from Latin sinus. Compare the inherited doublet sein.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /si.nys/

Noun

sinus m (plural sinus)

1. (anatomy) sinus
2. (trigonometry) sine

See also

• cosécante
• cosinus
• cotangente
• sécante
• tangente

Further reading

• “sinus” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

---

Indonesian

Etymology

From Dutch sinus, from Latin sinus, from Proto-Indo-European *sinos

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈsinʊs]
• Hyphenation: si‧nus

Noun

sinus (plural, first-person possessive sinusku, second-person possessive sinusmu, third-person possessive sinusnya)

1. sinus.
2. (trigonometry) sine.

Further reading

• “sinus” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

---

Latin

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *sinos; akin to Albanian gji (“breast, bosom”).

The mathematical sense ‘chord of an arc, sine’ was introduced in the 12th century by Gherardo of Cremona as a semantic loan from Arabic جَيْب‎ (jayb, “chord, sine”) (ultimately a loan from Sanskrit ज्या (jyā, “bowstring”)) by confusion with جَيْب‎ (jayb, “bosom, fold in a garment”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈsi.nus/, [ˈs̠ɪ.nʊs̠]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈsi.nus/, [ˈsiː.nus]

Noun

sinus m (genitive sinūs); fourth declension

1. a hollow, cavity
2. curve, fold, winding
3. gulf, bay
4. (by extension) cove
5. bosom
6. fold of the toga over the breast, pocket, lap
7. heart, secret feelings
8. (Medieval Latin, mathematics) chord of an arc, sine
9. (Medieval Latin) fjord

Declension

Fourth-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	sinus	sinūs
Genitive	sinūs	sinuum
Dative	sinuī	sinibus
Accusative	sinum	sinūs
Ablative	sinū	sinibus
Vocative	sinus	sinūs

Synonyms

• (bosom): pectus

Derived terms

• sinuōsē
• sinuōsus

Related terms

• sinuō

Descendants

• Aromanian: sin
• Asturian: sen, senu
• Catalan: si, sina
• → English: sinus, sine
• French: sein, sinus
• Friulian: sen
• Italian: seno
• Piedmontese: sen
• Portuguese: seio, seno
• Romanian: sân
• Romansch: sain
• Sardinian: sinu
• Spanish: seno
• Venetian: sen, seno

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-European *sh₁ih₂sno-, deverbative of *seh₁y- ‘to sift, strain’ (compare Ancient Greek ἠθέω (ēthéō), Lithuanian sijóti, Serbo-Croatian sȉjati).

Alternative forms

• sīnum

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈsiː.nus/, [ˈs̠iː.nʊs̠]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈsi.nus/, [ˈsiː.nus]

Noun

sīnus m (genitive sīnī); second declension

1. a large bowl

Declension

Second-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	sīnus	sīnī
Genitive	sīnī	sīnōrum
Dative	sīnō	sīnīs
Accusative	sīnum	sīnōs
Ablative	sīnō	sīnīs
Vocative	sīne	sīnī

References

• sinus in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• sinus in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• sinus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• sinus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • the heart of the city: sinus urbis (Sall. Cat. 52. 35)
    
  • the city is situate on a bay: urbs in sinu sita est
    
  • to rejoice in secret: in sinu gaudere (Tusc. 3. 21. 51)
    
  • to love and make a bosom friend of a person: aliquem in sinu gestare (aliquis est in sinu alicuius) (Ter. Ad. 4. 5. 75)
    
  • (ambiguous) to be driven into the arms of philosophy: in sinum philosophiae compelli
    
• sinus in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• sinus in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly

---

Northern Sami

Noun

sinus

1. locative singular of sitnu

---

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Latin sinus.

Noun

sinus m (definite singular sinusen, indefinite plural sinuser, definite plural sinusene)

1. (trigonometry) sine
2. (anatomy) sinus

Related terms

• cosinus

References

• “sinus” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

---

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Latin sinus.

Noun

sinus m (definite singular sinusen, indefinite plural sinusar, definite plural sinusane)

1. (trigonometry) sine
2. (anatomy) sinus

Related terms

• cosinus

References

• “sinus” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

---

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsi.nus/

• audio

  (file)

Noun

sinus m inan

1. sine

Declension

declension of sinus

	singular	plural
nominative	sinus	sinusy
genitive	sinusa	sinusów
dative	sinusowi	sinusom
accusative	sinus	sinusy
instrumental	sinusem	sinusami
locative	sinusie	sinusach
vocative	sinusie	sinusy

Derived terms

• sinusowy, sinusoida

---

Romanian

Etymology

From French sinus

Noun

sinus n (plural sinusuri)

1. sine (trigonometric function)

---

Veps

Pronoun

sinus

1. inessive of sinä