屯

See also: 屰

Translingual

Han character

屯 (Kangxi radical 45, 屮+1, 4 strokes, cangjie input 心山 (PU), four-corner 5071₇, composition ⿻一𡳾(GHTV) or ⿻七凵(GHTV) or ⿻丿𡳾(JK))

Derived characters

• 躉, 窀, 沌, 盹, 頓, 扽, 黗, 吨, 屯, 飩, 豘, 軘, 坉, 邨, 忳, 芚, 庉, 囤, 迍, 杶, 瑃, 椿, 偆, 肫, 訰, 純, 春, 蠢, 踳, 惷, 蒓, 賰, 鬊

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 304, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7828
• Dae Jaweon: page 603, character 5
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 13, character 2
• Unihan data for U+5C6F

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Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 屯
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (屯) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
躉	*tuːnʔ
窀	*rduːn, *duːn, *tun
沌	*donʔ, *duːn, *duːnʔ
盹	*tuːnʔ, *tjuns
頓	*tuːns
扽	*tuːns
黗	*tʰuːn, *tʰuːnʔ
吨	*tʰuːnʔ
屯	*duːn, *tun
飩	*duːn
豘	*duːn
軘	*duːn
坉	*duːn
邨	*duːn, *stʰuːn
忳	*duːn
芚	*duːn
庉	*duːn, *duːnʔ
囤	*duːnʔ
迍	*tun
杶	*tʰun
瑃	*tʰun
椿	*tʰun
偆	*tʰunʔ, *tʰjunʔ
肫	*tjun
訰	*tjun, *tjuns
純	*tjunʔ, *djun
春	*tʰjun
蠢	*tʰjunʔ
踳	*tʰjunʔ
惷	*tʰjunʔ
蒓	*djun
賰	*hljunʔ
鬊	*hljuns

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.		屯

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tún (tun²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨㄣˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): tyun⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thùn
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): thûn / tûn / tūn

  (Teochew, Peng'im): tung⁵

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tún
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄣˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tún
    • Wade–Giles: tʻun²
    • Yale: twún
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: twen
    • Palladius: тунь (tunʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰu̯ən³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: tyun⁴
    • Yale: tyùhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tyn⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: tün⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰyːn²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thùn
    • Hakka Romanization System: tun^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: tun²
    • Sinological IPA: /tʰun¹¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thûn
    • Tâi-lô: thûn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: tuun
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰun¹³/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tʰun²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tûn
    • Tâi-lô: tûn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: duun
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tun²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tūn
    • Tâi-lô: tūn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dun
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tun³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: tung⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thûng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰuŋ⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: trwin, dwon

Rime
Character	屯	屯
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	知 (9)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	諄 (47)	魂 (55)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	陟綸切	徒渾切
Baxter	trwin	dwon
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈiuɪn/	/duən/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈʷin/	/duon/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶjuen/	/duən/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈwin/	/dwən/
Li Rong	/ȶiuĕn/	/duən/
Wang Li	/ȶĭuĕn/	/duən/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȶi̯uĕn/	/dʱuən/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhūn	tún
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zeon1	teon4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]ˤun/, /*trun/

  (Zhengzhang): /*duːn/, /*tun/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	屯	屯
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	tún	zhūn
Middle Chinese	‹ dwon ›	‹ trwin ›
Old Chinese	/*[d]ˁun/	/*trun/
English	accumulate	difficult
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	屯	屯
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	12546	12562
Phonetic component	屯	屯
Rime group	文	文
Rime subdivision	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	屯	屯
Old Chinese	/*duːn/	/*tun/
Notes	甲金文象屮初生葉芽， 爲春初文，卜辭即有以今屯表今春者

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 屯

1. village, hamlet
2. camp
3. station
4. third hexagram of the I Ching

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.		屯

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhūn (zhun¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄣ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zeon¹
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): tun

  (Teochew, Peng'im): dung¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhūn
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄣ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhun
    • Wade–Giles: chun¹
    • Yale: jwūn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juen
    • Palladius: чжунь (čžunʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu̯ən⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zeon¹
    • Yale: jēun
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzoen¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: zên¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɵn⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tun
    • Tâi-lô: tun
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dwn
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tun⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tun³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tun⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /tun⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tun⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: dung¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tung
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tuŋ³³/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 屯

1. Only used in 屯邅 (zhūnzhān).

Etymology 3

simp. and trad.		屯

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chún, zhūn (chun², zhun¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨㄣˊ, ㄓㄨㄣ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): seon⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chún
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄣˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: chún
    • Wade–Giles: chʻun²
    • Yale: chwún
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chwen
    • Palladius: чунь (čunʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhūn
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄣ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhun
    • Wade–Giles: chun¹
    • Yale: jwūn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juen
    • Palladius: чжунь (čžunʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu̯ən⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: seon⁴
    • Yale: sèuhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: soen⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: sên⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɵn²¹/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 屯

1. Only used in 屯留 (Chúnliú).

Etymology 4

For pronunciation and definitions of 屯 – see 春 (“year”). (This character is an ancient form of 春).

Compounds

References

• “Query for 屯”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Hokkien and Mandarin), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.

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Japanese

Kanji

屯

(Jōyō kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: ちゅん (chun); どん (don)
• Kan-on: ちゅん (chun); とん (ton, Jōyō)
• Kun: たむろ (tamuro, 屯)

Compounds

Compounds

• 屯邅(ちゅんてん) (chunten): faltering in worry
• 屯蒙(ちゅんもう) (chunmō): the infancy and beginning of something

Etymology

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] English ton, tonne. The kanji is an example of ateji.

Noun

屯(トン) or 屯(とん) • (ton) 

1. tonne

Usage notes

Most usually spelled in katakana, as トン.

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Korean

Hanja

屯 • (dun, jun) (hangeul 둔, 준, revised dun, jun, McCune–Reischauer tun, chun)

Definitions

1. To station troops
2. To quarter

Compounds

1. 駐屯 (주둔)
2. 屯兵 (둔병)
3. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

屯: Hán Nôm readings: truân, chồn, đồn, dồn, nhún, sồn, thùn, dùn, đần, đốn, đún, giỡn, giùng, tòn

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.