皇帝
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Chinese
[edit]emperor; surname | emperor | ||
---|---|---|---|
simp. and trad. (皇帝) |
皇 | 帝 | |
anagram | 帝皇 |
Etymology
[edit]After a series of conquests ending in 221 BCE, created as a title for King Zheng of Qin, who was styled Qin Shi Huangdi (literally “the First Emperor of the Qin dynasty”). The two component characters were originally the titles of the mythological rulers or deities known as the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors (三皇五帝 (Sānhuáng Wǔdì)).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): huang2 di4
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): хуонди (huondi, I-I)
- Cantonese (Jyutping): wong4 dai3
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fòng-ti
- Eastern Min (BUC): huòng-dá̤
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6waon-ti5
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄉㄧˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: huángdì
- Wade–Giles: huang2-ti4
- Yale: hwáng-dì
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwangdih
- Palladius: хуанди (xuandi)
- Sinological IPA (key): /xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ ti⁵¹/
- Homophones:
[Show/Hide] 皇帝
黃帝/黄帝
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: huang2 di4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xuongdi
- Sinological IPA (key): /xuaŋ²¹ ti²¹³/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: хуонди (huondi, I-I)
- Sinological IPA (key): /xuɑŋ²⁴ ti²⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: wong4 dai3
- Yale: wòhng dai
- Cantonese Pinyin: wong4 dai3
- Guangdong Romanization: wong4 dei3
- Sinological IPA (key): /wɔːŋ²¹ tɐi̯³³/
- Homophones:
皇帝
黃帝/黄帝
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fòng-ti
- Hakka Romanization System: fongˇ di
- Hagfa Pinyim: fong2 di4
- Sinological IPA: /foŋ¹¹ ti⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: huòng-dá̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /huoŋ⁵³⁻²¹ (t-)nɑ²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: hwang tejH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷˤaŋ tˤek-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷaːŋ teːɡs/
Noun
[edit]皇帝
Synonyms
[edit]- 乘輿/乘舆 (literary, figurative)
- 人主 (rénzhǔ) (literary)
- 人君 (rénjūn) (literary)
- 人王 (rénwáng)
- 元首 (yuánshǒu)
- 君上 (jūnshàng) (literary)
- 君主 (jūnzhǔ)
- 君父 (jūnfù) (literary)
- 君王 (jūnwáng)
- 國君/国君 (guójūn)
- 國家/国家 (guójiā) (Classical Chinese)
- 大聖/大圣 (dàshèng) (literary)
- 大駕/大驾 (dàjià)
- 天子 (tiānzǐ) (Son of Heaven)
- 官家 (guānjiā) (archaic)
- 帝王 (dìwáng)
- 皇辟 (huángbì) (archaic, Son of Heaven)
Derived terms
[edit]- 乞食身,皇帝喙
- 兒皇帝/儿皇帝
- 吃飯皇帝大/吃饭皇帝大
- 土皇帝 (tǔhuángdì)
- 天高皇帝遠/天高皇帝远 (tiān gāo huángdì yuǎn)
- 小皇帝 (xiǎohuángdì)
- 山高皇帝遠/山高皇帝远 (shān gāo huángdì yuǎn)
- 末代皇帝
- 死皇帝毋值得活乞食
- 皇帝不差餓兵/皇帝不差饿兵
- 皇帝不急,急死太監/皇帝不急,急死太监 (huángdì bùjí, jísǐ tàijiàn)
- 皇帝菜 (huángdìcài)
- 皇帝蟹 (huángdìxiè)
- 皇帝豆 (huángdìdòu)
- 皇帝輪流做,明年到我家/皇帝轮流做,明年到我家
- 臭頭仔嘛會做皇帝,做總統你嘛有機會/臭头仔嘛会做皇帝,做总统你嘛有机会
- 食飯皇帝大/食饭皇帝大
Descendants
[edit]Others:
See also
[edit]- 皇上 (huángshang)
Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
皇 | 帝 |
こう Grade: 6 |
てい Grade: S |
kan'on |
Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese 皇帝 (ɦwɑŋ teiH). See also 三皇五帝 (Sankō Gotei) and 始皇帝 (Shikōtei).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]皇帝 • (kōtei) ←くわうてい (kwautei)?
- emperor (of a country other than Japan)
- East Asian empress regnant
- 則天大聖皇帝
- Sokuten Taisei Kōtei
- Great Sage Empress Zetian
- 則天大聖皇帝
- (tarot) the Emperor
Usage notes
[edit]- 天皇 (tennō) is generally used exclusively to refer to the Emperor of Japan, while 皇帝 (kōtei) is generally used exclusively to refer to emperors of other countries.
- An East Asian empress regnant has the same title as an emperor, not specifically "empress (regnant)" like in European languages. Similarly, a queen regnant has the same title as an emperor.
References
[edit]Khitan
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Orthographic borrowing from Middle Chinese 皇帝 (MC hwang tejH).
Noun
[edit]皇帝 (transliteration needed)
- emperor
- 1081, 《多羅里本郎君墓誌碑》 [Memorial for Lord Dorlipun]:
- 皇帝[⿱火日][⿰𤣩⿱⿻𠃊丨又]弃[⿻一⿵冂仌]囯[⿱火日][⿱干艹][⿻⿻二丨从]
- 皇帝之時於丹國之宰相
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
References
[edit]- Cong, Yanshuang; Liu, Fengzhu; Chi, Jianxue (叢艷雙,劉鳳翥,池建學) (2005). 契丹大字《多羅里本郎君墓志銘》考釋 (A Textual Research and Explanation on the Inscription for Duoluoliben in Big Qidan Script). 《民族語文》 (Minority Languages of China), issue 4, page 54.
Korean
[edit]Hanja in this term | |
---|---|
皇 | 帝 |
Noun
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
---|---|
皇 | 帝 |
Noun
[edit]皇帝
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- zh:Cartomancy
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