秦

See also: 奉, 奏, and 泰

Translingual

Han character

秦 (Kangxi radical 115, 禾+5, 10 strokes, cangjie input 手大竹木 (QKHD), four-corner 5090₄, composition ⿱𡗗禾)

Derived characters

• 榛, 䆐

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 851, character 30
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24995
• Dae Jaweon: page 1275, character 28
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2597, character 5
• Unihan data for U+79E6

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Chinese

trad.		秦
simp. #		秦

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 秦
Shang		Western Zhou	Spring and Autumn	Warring States			Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)		Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Bronze inscriptions	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Qin slip script	Shizhoupian script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (秦) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
轃	*ʔsiːn, *ʔsrin
秦	*zin
螓	*zin
臻	*ʔsrin
蓁	*ʔsrin
搸	*ʔsrin
溱	*ʔsrin
榛	*ʔsrin

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): qín (qin²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄣˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ceon⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhìn
• Northern Min (KCR): cěng
• Eastern Min (BUC): cìng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chîn

  (Teochew, Peng'im): cing⁵

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁶zhin

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qín
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄣˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cín
    • Wade–Giles: chʻin²
    • Yale: chín
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyn
    • Palladius: цинь (cinʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰin³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: ceon⁴
    • Yale: chèuhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsoen⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: cên⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɵn²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhìn
    • Hakka Romanization System: qinˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: qin²
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰin¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cěng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡seiŋ²¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: cìng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siŋ⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chîn
    • Tâi-lô: tsîn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ciin
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sin²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sin²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sin¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sin²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sin²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: cing⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshîng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiŋ⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁶zhin
    • MiniDict: zhin^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³xxin
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ʑin²³/

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 秦
Mandarin	Beijing	/t͡ɕʰin³⁵/
	Harbin	/t͡ɕʰin²⁴/
	Tianjin	/t͡ɕʰin⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/t͡ɕʰiẽ⁴²/
	Qingdao	/t͡sʰiə̃⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/t͡sʰin⁴²/
	Xi'an	/t͡ɕʰiẽ²⁴/
	Xining	/t͡ɕʰiə̃²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/t͡ɕʰĩn⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/t͡ɕʰin²¹³/
	Chengdu	/t͡ɕʰin³¹/
	Guiyang	/t͡ɕʰin²¹/
	Kunming	/t͡ɕʰĩ²¹²/
	Nanjing	/t͡ɕʰin²⁴/
	Hefei	/t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡ɕʰiəŋ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/t͡sʰəŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/t͡ɕʰĩŋ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/ʑiŋ²³/
	Suzhou	/zin¹³/
	Hangzhou	/d͡ʑin²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/zaŋ³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡sʰiʌ̃⁴⁴/
	Tunxi	/t͡sʰin⁴⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡sin¹³/
	Xiangtan	/d͡zin¹²/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡ɕʰin²⁴/
Hakka	Meixian	/t͡sʰin¹¹/
	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/t͡sʰøn²¹/
	Nanning	/t͡sʰɐn²¹/
	Hong Kong	/t͡sʰøn²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/t͡sin³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/t͡siŋ⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/t͡seiŋ²¹/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/t͡sʰiŋ⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/sun³¹/

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• Middle Chinese: dzin

Rime
Character	秦
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	從 (15)
Final (韻)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	匠鄰切
Baxter	dzin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ziɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡zin/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡zjen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡zin/
Li Rong	/d͡ziĕn/
Wang Li	/d͡zĭĕn/
Bernard Karlgren	/d͡zʱi̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qín
Expected Cantonese Reflex	can4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[dz]i[n]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*zin/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	秦
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qín
Middle Chinese	‹ dzin ›
Old Chinese	/*[dz]i[n]/
English	Qín (place name)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	秦
Reading #	1/1
No.	10497
Phonetic component	秦
Rime group	眞
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	秦
Old Chinese	/*zin/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 秦

1. (～國) State of Qin
2. (～朝) Qin dynasty, first imperial dynasty of China
3. Qin, a general area of central-west China in modern-day Shaanxi and Gansu Provinces
4. a surname

See also

Dynasties (朝代) in Chinese history
Name	Time period	Divisions
Xia 夏 (～朝, ～代)	2070 – 1600 BCE
Shang 商 (～朝, ～代) 殷 (～朝, ～代)	1600 – 1046 BCE
Zhou 周 (～朝, ～代)	1046 – 256 BCE	Western Zhou 西周
		Eastern Zhou 東周／东周	Spring and Autumn period 春秋
			Warring States period 戰國／战国
Qin 秦 (～朝, ～代)	221 – 206 BCE
Han 漢／汉 (～朝, ～代)	206 BCE – 220 C.E.	Western Han 西漢／西汉
		Xin 新 (～朝)
		Eastern Han 東漢／东汉
Three Kingdoms 三國／三国	220 – 280 C.E.	Wei 魏
		Shu Han 蜀漢／蜀汉
		Wu 吳／吴
Jin 晉／晋 (～朝, ～代)	265 – 420 C.E.	Western Jin 西晉／西晋
		Eastern Jin 東晉／东晋
Southern and Northern dynasties 南北朝	420 – 589 C.E.	Northern dynasties 北朝	Northern Wei 北魏
			Western Wei 西魏
			Eastern Wei 東魏／东魏
			Northern Zhou 北周
			Northern Qi 北齊／北齐
		Southern dynasties 南朝	Liu Song 劉宋／刘宋
			Southern Qi 南齊／南齐
			Liang 梁 (～朝, ～代)
			Chen 陳／陈 (～朝, ～代)
Sui 隋 (～朝, ～代)	581 – 618 C.E.
Tang 唐 (～朝, ～代)	618 – 907 C.E.
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms 五代十國／五代十国	907 – 960 C.E.
Liao 遼／辽 (～朝, ～代)	907 – 1125 C.E.
Song 宋 (～朝, ～代)	960 – 1279 C.E.	Northern Song 北宋
		Southern Song 南宋
Western Xia 西夏	1038 – 1227 C.E.
Jin 金 (～朝, ～代)	1115 – 1234 C.E.
Western Liao 西遼／西辽	1124 – 1218 C.E.
Yuan 元 (～朝, ～代)	1271 – 1368 C.E.
Ming 明 (～朝, ～代)	1368 – 1644 C.E.
Qing 清 (～朝, ～代)	1636 – 1912 C.E.

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Japanese

Kanji

秦

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. Qin dynasty

Readings

• Go-on: じん (jin)
• Kan-on: しん (shin)
• Sō-on: ちん (chin)
• Kun: はた (hata, 秦); はたしん (hatashin, 秦)
• Nanori: かな (kana); たい (tai); はだ (hada); ひろ (hiro); まさ (masa); やす (yasu)

Compounds

Compounds

• 秦篆(しんてん) (Shinten)
• 秦皮(しんぴ) (shinpi)
• 後秦(こうしん) (Kōshin)
• 西秦(せいしん) (Seishin)
• 先秦(せんしん) (Senshin)
• 前秦(ぜんしん) (Zenshin)
• 太秦(うずまさ) (Uzumasa)
• 秦皮(トネリコ) (toneriko)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
秦
しん Jinmeiyō
kan’on

From Old Japanese 秦 (MC dzin).

Proper noun

秦(しん) or 秦(proper) • (shin or proper) [[Category:Japanese
|しん]]

1. (historical) the Qin dynasty (221-207 BCE), first dynasty of China
2. (historical) name of various states during the Sixteen Kingdoms period:
   1. 前秦 (Zenshin, “Former Qin”, 351-394 CE)
   2. 後秦 (Kōshin, “Later Qin”, 384-417 CE)
   3. 西秦 (Seishin, “Western Qin”, 385-431 CE)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
秦
はた Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Proper noun

秦(はた) or 秦(proper) • (hata or proper) [[Category:Japanese
|はた]]

1. a place name

Derived terms

• 秦(はたの)公(きみ)寺(でら) (Hatanokimi-dera)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
秦
はたしん Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

Compound of 秦 (Hata, see above) + 秦 (Shin, “Qin (dynasty)”).

The 秦 kanji itself has a kun-reading of はた (hata).

Usage notes

This reading is used to distinguish from the 漢音 (kan'on) reading of 晋 (Shin, “Jin dynasty”), itself called 晋 (Susumu-shin). The senses are the same for Etymology 2 above.

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Korean

Hanja

秦 • (jin) (hangeul 진, revised jin, McCune–Reischauer chin, Yale cin)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 秦 (tần, thái)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.