夜
Translingual
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Han character
夜 (Kangxi radical 36, 夕+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 卜人弓大 (YONK), four-corner 00247, composition ⿱亠⿰亻⿴夂丶)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 246, character 18
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5763
- Dae Jaweon: page 490, character 7
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 285, character 1
- Unihan data for U+591C
Chinese
simp. and trad. |
夜 | |
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alternative forms | 亱 𠙑 |
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 夜 | ||
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Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *laːɡs) : phonetic 亦 (OC *laːɡ) + semantic 夕 (“moon”).
The lower-right portion is a corruption/graphical variant of 夕; the remainder (亠 + 亻) is a reduced and distorted form of 亦, used phonetically.
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-r(j)ak.
Pronunciation
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Definitions
- night
- See also: 晚
- occurring during the night
- (Cantonese) late (in the night)
- Classifier for the number of nights.
Compounds
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Japanese
Kanji
Readings
Compounds
- 夜夜, 夜々 (yaya)
- 夜陰 (yain)
- 夜間 (yakan)
- 夜行 (yagyō)
- 夜勤 (yakin)
- 夜景 (yakei)
- 夜行 (yakō)
- 夜座, 夜坐 (yaza)
- 夜食 (yashoku, “night meal, midnight snack”)
- 夜中 (yachū)
- 夜半 (yahan)
- 暗夜, 闇夜 (an'ya)
- 一夜 (ichiya)
- 雨夜 (uya)
- 月夜 (getsuya)
- 五夜 (goya)
- 今夜 (kon'ya)
- 昨夜 (sakuya)
- 終夜 (shūya)
- 初夜 (shoya)
- 除夜 (joya)
- 深夜 (shin'ya)
- 初夜 (soya)
- 昼夜 (chūya)
- 通夜 (tsuya), 通夜 (tsūya)
- 徹夜 (tetsuya)
- 日夜 (nichiya)
- 暮夜 (boya)
- 連夜 (ren'ya)
- 十六夜 (izayoi, “sixteenth night of every month”)
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
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夜 |
よる Grade: 2 |
kun'yomi |
⟨yo1ru⟩ → */jʷoru/ → /joru/
From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *yoru.
Derived from yo below, suffixed with an element ru of unclear meaning.[1] Compare 日 (hi, “day”) → 昼 (hiru, “daytime”), which seems to use this same ru element.[1]
Now the most common term for night in modern Japanese.
Pronunciation
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Noun
- night, evening
- 東京の夜
- Tōkyō no yoru
- Tokyo nights
- 夜の街を歩く
- yoru no machi o aruku
- to walk the streets at night (lit. "to walk the night streets")
- 不安な夜を過ごす
- fuan na yoru o sugosu
- to endure a night of anxiety
- (literally, “to pass an uneasy night”)
- 夜の星空を見上げる
- yoru no hoshizora o miageru
- to look up at the night's starry sky
- Synonym: 夜間 (yakan)
- Antonym: 昼 (hiru)
- 東京の夜
Derived terms
Idioms
- 夜の衣を返す (yoru no koromo o kaesu)
Proper noun
- a female given name
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term |
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夜 |
よ Grade: 2 |
kun'yomi |
⟨yo1⟩ → /jʷo/ → /jo/
From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *yo.
In modern development, this term has taken on a more literary sense.
Pronunciation
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Noun
- (literary) night, evening
- 『真夏の夜の夢』
- “Manatsu no Yo no Yume”
- A Midsummer Night's Dream
- 『真夏の夜の夢』
Derived terms
- 夜夜, 夜々 (yoyo)
- 夜上がり (yoagari)
- 夜明け (yoake)
- 夜風 (yokaze)
- 夜着 (yogi)
- 夜籠もる (yogomoru)
- 夜さり (yosari), 夜さり (yōsari)
- 終夜 (yosugara)
- 夜釣, 夜釣り (yozuri)
- 夜な夜な (yonayona)
- 夜中 (yonaka)
- 夜長 (yonaga)
- 夜の目 (yo no me)
- 夜一夜 (yo hitoyo)
- 夜更け, 夜深け (yofuke)
- 昨夜 (yobe), 昨夜 (yōbe)
- 夜間 (yoma)
- 終夜 (yomosugara)
- 夜も日も明けない (yo mo hi mo akenai)
- 夜を明かす (yo o akasu)
- 夜を掛く (yo o kaku)
- 夜を籠む (yo o komu)
- 夜半 (yowa)
- 夜を徹する (yo o tessuru)
- 夜を日に継ぐ (yo o hi ni tsugu)
- 小夜 (sayo)
- 千夜 (chiyo)
- 月夜 (tsukiyo), 月夜 (tsukuyo)
- 一夜 (hitoyo)
- 闇夜 (yamiyo)
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
Korean
Hanja
Compounds
- 심야 (深夜, simya, “midnight”)
- 야경 (夜景, yagyeong, “night view”)
- 야근 (夜勤, yageun, “night overtime”)
- 백야 (白夜, baegya, “midnight sun”)
Oki-No-Erabu
Kanji
夜 (kun'yomi いぃーる, romaji yīru)
Etymology
From Proto-Ryukyuan *yoru, from Proto-Japonic *yoru. Cognate with Japanese 夜 (よる, yoru, “night”).
Noun
夜 (hiragana いぃーる, romaji yīru)
Okinawan
Kanji
Readings
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
---|
夜 |
ゆる Grade: 2 |
kun'yomi |
From Proto-Ryukyuan *yoru, from Proto-Japonic *yoru. Cognate with Japanese 夜 (yoru, “night”).
Counter
Noun
夜 (yuru)
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term |
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夜 |
ゆー Grade: 2 |
kun'yomi |
From Proto-Ryukyuan *yo, from Proto-Japonic *yo. Cognate with Japanese 夜 (yo, “night”).
Noun
夜 (yū)
References
- “ユル” in Haisai Okinawan Dialect.
- “ユル(ゆる)” in Okinawan Dialect Dictionary - Ajima.
- “ゆる” in Okinawan Dictionary - KozaWeb.
- Kokuritsu Kokugo Kenkyūjo (国立国語研究所) (1963) 沖縄語辞典 (Okinawa-go Jiten) [Dictionary of the Okinawan Language] (in Japanese), Tokyo (東京): Okurashō Insatsu Kyoku (財務省印刷局)
- “ユー” in Okinawa Center of Language Study, Shuri-Naha Dialect Dictionary (archived; reopens 2024).
- “ユル” in Okinawa Center of Language Study, Shuri-Naha Dialect Dictionary (archived; reopens 2024).
Old Japanese
Etymology 1
From Proto-Japonic *yoru. Derived from yo1 below, suffixed with an element ru of unclear meaning.[1] Compare 日 (pi1, “day”) → 昼 (pi1ru, “daytime”), which seems to use this same ru element.
Used as a standalone noun but not in compounds.
Noun
夜 (yo1ru) (kana よる)
- night, evening
- , text here
- 宇豆都仁波安布余志勿奈子奴婆多麻能用流能伊昧仁越都伎提美延許曽
- ututu ni pa apu yo2si mo nasi nubatama no2 yo1ru no2 ime2 ni wo tugi1te miye ko2so2
- There is no way to see you in reality. Please continue to appear in dreams of the night![2]
- Antonym: 昼 (pi1ru)
- , text here
Derived terms
- 夜昼 (yo1rupi1ru)
Descendants
- Japanese: 夜 (yoru)
Etymology 2
From Proto-Japonic *yo. First attested in the Kojiki (712 CE).[1]
Used as both a standalone noun and in compounds.
Noun
夜 (yo1) (kana よ)
Derived terms
Descendants
- Japanese: 夜 (yo)
Etymology 3
Attested in the Hizen-no-kuni Fudoki (c. 739 CE) and in the Man'yōshū (759 CE) as the Eastern Old Japanese variation of yo above.
Noun
夜 (yu) (kana ゆ)
- (regional, Eastern Old Japanese) night, evening
- c. 732-739, Hizen-no-kuni Fudoki (poem 1)
- 志努波羅能意登比賣能古袁佐比登由母為禰弖牟志太夜伊幣爾久太佐牟
- sino1para no2 oto2pi1me1 no2 ko1 wo sa-pi1to2yu mo inetemu sida ya ipe1 ni kudasamu
- Once I've taken her, slept with her a single night―that little lady, the girl from the bamboo brakes―I'll send her down to her home.[4]
- [Note: Some later manuscripts erroneously replace the man'yōgana 袁 (wo) with 素 (⟨so1⟩ → so).]
- c. 732-739, Hizen-no-kuni Fudoki (poem 1)
See also
- 夕 (yupu)
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
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Vietnamese
Han character
(deprecated template usage) 夜 (dạ, dà)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Yonaguni
Kanji
Etymology
From Proto-Ryukyuan *yoru, from Proto-Japonic *yoru. Cognate with Japanese 夜 (よる, yoru, “night”).
Noun
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Han script characters
- Han phono-semantic compounds
- Chinese terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Chinese terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Chinese lemmas
- Chinese hanzi
- Cantonese Chinese
- Cantonese terms with usage examples
- Mandarin terms with usage examples
- Beginning Mandarin
- zh:Night
- zh:Times of day
- Japanese kanji
- Japanese second grade kanji
- Japanese kyōiku kanji
- Japanese jōyō kanji
- Japanese kanji with goon reading や
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading や
- Japanese kanji with kun reading よ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading よる
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading やす
- Japanese terms spelled with 夜 read as よる
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic
- Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with 夜
- Japanese single-kanji terms
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- Japanese proper nouns
- Japanese given names
- Japanese female given names
- Japanese terms spelled with 夜 read as よ
- Japanese literary terms
- ja:Time
- ja:Times of day
- Japanese basic words
- Korean lemmas
- Korean hanja
- Okinoerabu lemmas
- Okinoerabu Han characters
- Okinoerabu terms inherited from Proto-Ryukyuan
- Okinoerabu terms derived from Proto-Ryukyuan
- Okinoerabu terms inherited from Proto-Japonic
- Okinoerabu terms derived from Proto-Japonic
- Okinoerabu nouns
- okn:Time
- okn:Times of day
- Okinawan kanji
- Okinawan second grade kanji
- Okinawan kyōiku kanji
- Okinawan jōyō kanji
- Okinawan kanji with on reading や
- Okinawan kanji with kun reading ゆる
- Okinawan kanji with kun reading ゆー
- Okinawan terms spelled with 夜 read as ゆる
- Okinawan terms read with kun'yomi
- Okinawan terms inherited from Proto-Ryukyuan
- Okinawan terms derived from Proto-Ryukyuan
- Okinawan terms inherited from Proto-Japonic
- Okinawan terms derived from Proto-Japonic
- Okinawan lemmas
- Okinawan nouns
- Okinawan terms with multiple readings
- Okinawan terms spelled with second grade kanji
- Okinawan terms with 1 kanji
- Okinawan terms spelled with 夜
- Okinawan single-kanji terms
- Okinawan terms spelled with 夜 read as ゆー
- ryu:Time
- ryu:Times of day
- Old Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic
- Old Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic
- Old Japanese lemmas
- Old Japanese nouns
- Old Japanese terms with usage examples
- Regional Old Japanese
- ojp:Time
- ojp:Times of day
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters
- Yonaguni lemmas
- Yonaguni Han characters
- Yonaguni terms inherited from Proto-Ryukyuan
- Yonaguni terms derived from Proto-Ryukyuan
- Yonaguni terms inherited from Proto-Japonic
- Yonaguni terms derived from Proto-Japonic
- Yonaguni nouns
- yoi:Time
- yoi:Times of day