牙
Translingual
Stroke order | |||
---|---|---|---|
Han character
牙 (Kangxi radical 92, 牙+0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 一女木竹 (MVDH), four-corner 10240)
- Kangxi radical #92, ⽛.
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 695, character 3
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19909
- Dae Jaweon: page 1108, character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1419, character 8
- Unihan data for U+7259
Chinese
trad. | 牙 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 牙 |
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 牙 | |||
---|---|---|---|
Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Etymology
Norman and Mei (1976) propose that this was a substrate loan; cf. Proto-Vietic *ŋaː (“ivory”) (Vietnamese ngà), Proto-Tai *ŋaːᴬ (“tusk; ivory”) (Thai งา (ngaa)). Pulleyblank (1983) disagrees with their hypothesis and considers Old Chinese to be the donor of this Wanderwort instead.
STEDT provisionally sets up Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-ŋja (“tusk; tooth”), comparing it to Mizo ngho (“tusk; fang”), Manipuri [script needed] (ya, “tooth”), Mru [script needed] (hngou, “tooth”), Pa'o Karen [script needed] (tə́ʔ ŋà, “tooth”).
Pronunciation
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Definitions
- (anatomy) tooth (Classifier: 隻/只 c; 棚 c)
- (anatomy) fang; tusk; canine tooth
- 尖牙 ― jiānyá ― fang
- (anatomy) ivory; tusk of elephant
- 牙雕 ― yádiāo ― ivory sculpture
- screw thread
- (historical) broker
Synonyms
Compounds
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Descendants
Others:
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Japanese
Kanji
Readings
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
---|
牙 |
き Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Japanese. Appears in the Man'yōshū.[1]
Pronunciation
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Noun
- (obsolete) fang, tusk, tooth (particularly the canine)
- ; text here
- 牙喫建怒而
- kikamitakebite
- ferociously gnashing teeth
- 牙喫建怒而
- ; text here
Usage notes
Although this term is no longer used in isolation, it does persist in certain compounds.
Derived terms
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term |
---|
牙 |
きば Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
Compound of (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Japanese elements 牙 (ki, “fang, tusk”) + 歯 (ha, “tooth”).[2] The ha changes to ba as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
Pronunciation
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Noun
- fang, tusk, tooth (particularly the canines)
- (falconry) dog (primarily used for counting hunting dogs)
Usage notes
This is the most common term for fang in modern Japanese.
Derived terms
- 牙上面 (kiba jōmen): ivory or boar tusk used to rub the surface of a print in order to bring out the gloss
- 牙筍貝 (kiba takegai): a kind of auger snail of family Lua error in Module:parameters at line 828: Parameter "noshow" is not used by this template.
- 牙獐 (kiba noro): the “fanged noro”, a kind of roe deer of genus Capreolus
Idioms
- 牙を噛む (kiba o kamu): “to bite one's fangs” → to gnash one's teeth
- 牙を研ぐ (kiba o togu): “to sharpen one's fangs” → to prepare to hurt one's opponent. Compare sharpen one's claws
- 牙を鳴らす (kiba o narasu): “to clash one's fangs” → to gnash one's teeth; to get angry; to bare one's fangs
- 牙を剥く (kiba o muku): “to bare one's fangs”
- 牙あるものは角無し (kiba aru mono wa tsuno nashi): “the one with fangs has no horns” → a metaphor for how no one is endowed with every advantage
See also
- 門歯 (monshi): incisor tooth
- 犬歯 (kenshi): canine tooth
- 小臼歯 (shōkyūshi): premolar
- 臼歯 (kyūshi): molar
- 象牙 (zōge): elephant tusk, ivory
Etymology 3
Kanji in this term |
---|
牙 |
かび Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
Cognate with, and probably the noun derivation of, verb 黴びる (kabiru, “to go moldy”), from the root idea of something sprouting.[2] Used in the Kojiki.
Pronunciation
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Noun
Derived terms
Etymology 4
Kanji in this term |
---|
牙 |
は Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
Non-standard alternate spelling for 歯 (ha, “tooth”).[2]
Pronunciation
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Noun
Etymology 5
Kanji in this term |
---|
牙 |
げ Grade: S |
on'yomi |
From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Middle Chinese 牙 (ngæ). Compare modern (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Min Nan reading gê.
The goon reading, so probably the reading as first imported into Japanese.
Pronunciation
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Noun
Usage notes
The tooth meaning is much more commonly expressed using the word 歯 (ha).
Derived terms
- 牙の笏 (ge no shaku): an ivory mace or scepter, used by certain social classes in ancient Japan
- 牙歯 (geshi): teeth, tusks, or fangs
- 牙軸 (gejiku): the inner edge of a scroll around which the scroll is wound, or an edge of a folding book to which pages are bound, made of ivory
- 牙床, 牙象 (geshō): a kind of cutout decorative carving technique for panels, wherein the corners are left intact to reinforce the structure of the panel
- 牙彫 (gebori): a carving made from a tusk or fang, more specifically made of elephant ivory
- 牙笏 (geshaku): an ivory mace or scepter, used by certain social classes in ancient Japan
Etymology 6
Kanji in this term |
---|
牙 |
が Grade: S |
on'yomi |
From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Middle Chinese 牙 (ngæ). Compare modern (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Cantonese reading ngaa4.
The kan'on reading, so probably a later importation.
Pronunciation
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Affix
Usage notes
The ga reading is only used in compounds, and is never used in isolation.
Derived terms
- 牙営 (gaei): the headquarters of a general in a field camp
- 牙音 (gaon): a velar consonant (obsolete)
- 牙関緊急 (gakan kinkyū): lockjaw, a common symptom in the early stages of tetanus
- 牙旗 (gaki): a flag raised at the site of an emperor's or general's field camp
- 牙行 (gakō): in China, a middleman or go-between in a commercial transaction
- 牙山 (Gazan): the city of Asan, a port in South Korea
- 牙商 (gashō): a middleman or go-between in a commercial transaction
- 牙城 (gajō): the keep or main residence within a castle; a headquarters, a base, a stronghold
- 牙人 (gajin): in China, a middleman or go-between in a commercial transaction
- 牙銭 (gasen): a fee or commission charged by a 牙行 (gakō)
- 牙虫 (gamushi): a water scavenger beetle of family Lua error in Module:parameters at line 828: Parameter "noshow" is not used by this template.
- 牙斧 (gafu): a small axe or hatchet made from boar tusk
- 牙保 (gaho): a middleman or go-between in a commercial transaction
- 牙保罪 (gahozai): the crime of fencing goods known to be stolen
- 牙保犯 (gahohan): the crime of fencing goods known to be stolen
- 牙門 (gamon): a gate on which a general's flag is flying; an army's headquarters
- 牙籌 (gachū): an abacus; more specifically, an ivory abacus
- 牙籤, 牙籖 (gasen): a small placard or label made of ivory; a small claw-shaped ivory clasp for holding a book closed
- 牙纛 (gatō): the flag of a general's army, the pole of which was traditionally decorated with ivory on the end
- 牙儈 (gakai): in China, a middleman or go-between in a commercial transaction
References
Korean
Hanja
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.
Vietnamese
Han character
(deprecated template usage) 牙 (nha, ngà, nga)
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.
- Han character radicals
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Han script characters
- Chinese terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Chinese terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Chinese lemmas
- Chinese hanzi
- zh:Anatomy
- Chinese nouns classified by 隻/只
- Chinese nouns classified by 棚
- Mandarin terms with usage examples
- Chinese terms with historical senses
- Elementary Mandarin
- Japanese kanji
- Japanese jōyō kanji
- Japanese kanji with goon reading げ
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading が
- Japanese kanji with kun reading きば
- Japanese kanji with kun reading き
- Japanese kanji with kun reading かび
- Japanese kanji with kun reading は
- Japanese terms spelled with 牙 read as き
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with 牙
- Japanese single-kanji terms
- Japanese terms with obsolete senses
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- Japanese terms spelled with 牙 read as きば
- Japanese compound terms
- Japanese terms with rendaku
- ja:Falconry
- Japanese terms spelled with 牙 read as かび
- Japanese terms spelled with 牙 read as は
- Japanese terms spelled with 牙 read as げ
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese terms spelled with 牙 read as が
- Japanese affixes
- Korean lemmas
- Korean hanja
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters
- CJKV radicals